官方解释
The only difference between a level 0 incremental backup and a full backup is that a full backup is never included in an incremental strategy
1 level 0 incremental backup是增量备份的基础 full backup和增量备份策略没有关系
2 level 1 备份时如果发现没有0 level备份,将进行0 level备份
测试示例
RMAN> backup full database;
Starting backup at 27-AUG-14
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=133 device type=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00002 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/sysaux01.dbf
input datafile file number=00001 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/system01.dbf
input datafile file number=00003 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/undotbs01.dbf
input datafile file number=00005 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/tbs01.dbf
input datafile file number=00006 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/tbs02.dbf
input datafile file number=00004 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/users01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 27-AUG-14
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 27-AUG-14
piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORCL/backupset/2014_08_27/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20140827T064609_9zt3kkyw_.bkp tag=TAG20140827T064609 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:01:26
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
including current control file in backup set
including current SPFILE in backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 27-AUG-14
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 27-AUG-14
piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORCL/backupset/2014_08_27/o1_mf_ncsnf_TAG20140827T064609_9zt3n8nq_.bkp tag=TAG20140827T064609 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03
Finished backup at 27-AUG-14
RMAN> backup incremental level=1 database;
Starting backup at 27-AUG-14
using channel ORA_DISK_1
no parent backup or copy of datafile 2 found
no parent backup or copy of datafile 1 found
no parent backup or copy of datafile 3 found
no parent backup or copy of datafile 5 found
no parent backup or copy of datafile 6 found
no parent backup or copy of datafile 4 found
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting incremental level 0 datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00002 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/sysaux01.dbf
input datafile file number=00001 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/system01.dbf
input datafile file number=00003 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/undotbs01.dbf
input datafile file number=00005 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/tbs01.dbf
input datafile file number=00006 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/tbs02.dbf
input datafile file number=00004 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/users01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 27-AUG-14
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 27-AUG-14
piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORCL/backupset/2014_08_27/o1_mf_nnnd0_TAG20140827T064908_9zt3q4tw_.bkp tag=TAG20140827T064908 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:01:15
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting incremental level 1 datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
including current control file in backup set
including current SPFILE in backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 27-AUG-14
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 27-AUG-14
piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORCL/backupset/2014_08_27/o1_mf_ncsn1_TAG20140827T064908_9zt3sk68_.bkp tag=TAG20140827T064908 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03
Finished backup at 27-AUG-14
RMAN> exit
Recovery Manager complete.
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