Absolute
Uniquely identifies a datafile in the database. This file number can be used in many SQL statements that reference datafiles in place of using the file name. The absolute file number can be found in the FILE# column of the V$DATAFILE or V$TEMPFILE view, or in the FILE_ID column of the DBA_DATA_FILES or DBA_TEMP_FILES view.
Relative
Uniquely identifies a datafile within a tablespace. For small and medium size databases, relative file numbers usually have the same value as the absolute file number. However, when the number of datafiles in a database exceeds a threshold (typically 1023), the relative file number differs from the absolute file number. In a bigfile tablespace, the relative file number is always 1024 (4096 on OS/390 platform).
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