oracle goldengate 初始化

 

官网提供的Load 方法有如下几种：

（1）Loading data with a databaseutility

（2）Loading data from file to Replicat

（3）Loading data from file to database utility

（4）Loading data with an OracleGoldenGate direct load

（5）Loading data with a direct bulkload to SQL*Loader

（6）Loading data with Teradata loadutilities

Supported load methods

You can use Oracle GoldenGate to load data in any of the following ways:

● “Loading data with a database utility” on page 203. The utility performs the initial

load.

● “Loading data from file to Replicat” on page 204. Extract writes records to an extract

file and Replicat applies them to the target tables. This is the slowest initial-load

method.

● “Loading data from file to database utility” on page 209. Extract writes records to

extract files in external ASCII format. The files are used as data files for input into

target tables by a bulk load utility. Replicat creates the run and control files.

● “Loading data with an Oracle GoldenGate direct load” on page 214. Extract

communicates with Replicat directly across TCP/IP without using a Collector process

or files. Replicat applies the data through the database engine.

● “Loading data with a direct bulk load to SQL*Loader” on page 219. Extract extracts

records in external ASCII format and delivers them directly to Replicat, which delivers

them to Oracle’s SQL*Loader bulk-load utility. This is the fastest method of loading

Oracle data with Oracle GoldenGate.

● “Loading data with Teradata load utilities” on page 224. This is the preferred method

for synchronizing two Teradata databases. The recommended utility is MultiLoad.

数据库工具初始化有多种方法：OGG、数据泵、RMAN等

真正的direct load初始化：

1）上传安装介质：

上传安装介质Oracle GoldenGate V11.1.1.0.0 for Oracle 10g on Linux x86.ZIP到oracle用户家目录

2）创建目录：

创建安装目录:mkdir –p /home/oracle/ggate

3)解压缩安装:

解压缩:unzip *.zip

tar xvf ggs_Linux_x86_ora10g_32bit_v11_1_1_0_0_078.tar -C /home/oracle/ggate/

4)修改环境变量配置：

为了方便调用，修改环境变量

$vi /home/oracle/.bash_profile

在文件最后增加两行：

export PATH=/home/oracle/ggate:$PATH

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/home/oracle/ggate/:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH

使之生效：

source /home/oracle/.bash_profile

5)进入ggsci命令行

[oracle@node1 ~]$ ggsci

-bash: /home/oracle/ggate/ggsci: cannot execute binary file

（发生错误的原因竟然是一时大意，将64位的包当成32位的用了；所以一定要注意版本相对应）

重新从第一步到第四步来一遍，ok；

[oracle@node1 ggate]$ ggsci

Oracle GoldenGate Command Interpreter for Oracle

Version 11.1.1.0.0 Build 078

Linux, x86, 32bit (optimized), Oracle 10 on Jul 28 2010 13:24:18

Copyright (C) 1995, 2010, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

GGSCI (node1) 1>

创建相关目录：

GGSCI (node1) 1> create subdirs

Creating subdirectories under current directory /home/oracle/ggate

Parameter files                /home/oracle/ggate/dirprm: created

Report files                   /home/oracle/ggate/dirrpt: created

Checkpoint files               /home/oracle/ggate/dirchk: created

Process status files           /home/oracle/ggate/dirpcs: created

SQL script files               /home/oracle/ggate/dirsql: created

Database definitions files     /home/oracle/ggate/dirdef: created

Extract data files             /home/oracle/ggate/dirdat: created

Temporary files                /home/oracle/ggate/dirtmp: created

Veridata files                 /home/oracle/ggate/dirver: created

Veridata Lock files            /home/oracle/ggate/dirver/lock: created

Veridata Out-Of-Sync files     /home/oracle/ggate/dirver/oos: created

Veridata Out-Of-Sync XML files /home/oracle/ggate/dirver/oosxml: created

Veridata Parameter files       /home/oracle/ggate/dirver/params: created

Veridata Report files          /home/oracle/ggate/dirver/report: created

Veridata Status files          /home/oracle/ggate/dirver/status: created

Veridata Trace files           /home/oracle/ggate/dirver/trace: created

Stdout files                   /home/oracle/ggate/dirout: created

6）目标端也按照上述步骤安装goldengate并创建相关目录。

7）配置源端数据库(192.168.150.128)

源端数据库必须置于归档模式，force logging，并且启用supplemental logging。查看这几个选项是否启动，最简单的方式是查询v$database视图，例如：

SQL> select log_mode,supplemental_log_data_min,force_logging from v$database;

LOG_MODE     SUPPLEME FOR

------------ -------- ---

NOARCHIVELOG   NO       NO

启用上述几个选项的操作如下，以sysdba身份登录到sqlplus命令行，执行下列命令：

--启动到mount状态：

startup mount;

--置于归档模式：

alter database archivelog;

--强制日志记录：

alter database force logging;

--启用最少附加日志

alter database add supplemental log data;

--启动数据库并查询状态：

SQL> alter database open;

Database altered.

SQL>  select log_mode,supplemental_log_data_min,force_logging from v$database;

LOG_MODE     SUPPLEME FOR

------------ -------- ---

ARCHIVELOG   YES      YES

创建goldengate管理用户：

SQL> create user goldengate identified by goldengate;

User created.

SQL> grant dba to goldengate;

Grant succeeded.

创建测试用户：

SQL> create user jss identified by jss default tablespace users quota unlimited on users;

User created.

SQL> grant connect,resource to jss;

Grant succeeded.

用测试用户初始化一个默认表：

SQL>  create table j1 (id number not null ,vl varchar2(200) ,primary key(id));

Table created.

SQL>  insert into j1 select rownum rn,object_name from all_objects;

49310 rows created.

SQL> commit;

Commit complete.

配置目标端数据库:

　　目标端数据库同样需要创建jss/ggate两用户。同时，目标端数据库还需要创建j1表，但是不需要填充数据，初始化数据的操作将由goldengate来完成。

　　提示：目标库的用户名和对象名称可以与源端不同，关键在于配置文件中要能够正确匹配。另外，不要忘记配置源和目标两端tnsnames，保持互联互通。

分别在源端和目标端运行netca，分别添加node1和node2两个服务名，ip相对应。

配置源端goldengate：

查看信息：

GGSCI (node1) 1> info all

Program     Status      Group       Lag           Time Since Chkpt

MANAGER     STOPPED                                          

GGSCI (node1) 2>

GGSCI (node1) 2> edit params mgr

增加以下内容：

PORT 7809

GGSCI (node1) 3> start manager

Manager started.

GGSCI (node1) 5>  dblogin userid ggate, password ggate

Successfully logged into database.

GGSCI (node1) 6> add extract ext1,SOURCEISTABLE

EXTRACT added.

SOURCEISTABLE designates Extract as an initial-load process that reads complete

records directly from the source tables. Do not use any of the other ADD EXTRACT

service options or datasource arguments.

GGSCI (node1) 7>  info extract ext1, tasks

EXTRACT    EXT1      Initialized   2012-04-20 08:42   Status STOPPED

Checkpoint Lag       Not Available

Log Read Checkpoint  Not Available

                     First Record         Record 0

Task                 SOURCEISTABLE

GGSCI (node1) 8> edit params ext1

extract ext1

SETENV (NLS_LANG =AMERICAN_AMERICA.AL32UTF8)

userid ggate, password ggate

rmthost 192.168.150.129 mgrport 7809

RMTTASK REPLICAT, GROUP rep1

table jss.*;

GGSCI (node2) 1> info all

Program     Status      Group       Lag           Time Since Chkpt

MANAGER     STOPPED                                           

GGSCI (node2) 2> edit params mgr

PORT 7809

GGSCI (node2) 3> start mgr

Manager started.

GGSCI (node2) 4> info all

Program     Status      Group       Lag           Time Since Chkpt

MANAGER     RUNNING                                          

GGSCI (node2) 5>

GGSCI (node2) 5> dblogin userid ggate, password ggate

Successfully logged into database.

GGSCI (node2) 59> add replicat rep1,SPECIALRUN

REPLICAT added.

（SPECIALRUN identifies the initial-load Replicat as a one-time run, not a continuous

process.）

GGSCI (node2) 60> edit params rep1

REPLICAT rep1

SETENV (NLS_LANG =AMERICAN_AMERICA.AL32UTF8)

ASSUMETARGETDEFS         -----源端和目标端表结构定义一致时使用

USERID ggate, PASSWORD "ggate"

DISCARDFILE ./dirrpt/rep1_gg2.dsc, PURGE

MAP jss.*, TARGET jss.*;

GGSCI (node2) 61> start rep1

Sending START request to MANAGER ...

REPLICAT REP1 starting

同步数据：

GGSCI (node1) 9>  start extract ext1

Sending START request to MANAGER ...

EXTRACT EXT1 starting

检查数据同步成功：

SQL> conn jss/jss

Connected.

SQL> select count(*) from j1;

  COUNT(*)

----------

         0

SQL> /

  COUNT(*)

----------

        10

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