ocr和vote盘的损坏恢复

假设我们安装CRS时执行root.sh失败，我们应当如何重新执行root.sh，再比如OCR和VOTE全部损坏，并且都没有备份，应当如何恢复，这时候最简单的办法就是重新配置OCR和VOTE，下面是具体模拟过程：

[root@rac1 oracle]# crs_stat -t

Name           Type           Target    State     Host        

————————————————————

ora.orcl.db    application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac2        

ora….l1.inst application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac1        

ora….l2.inst application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac2        

ora….SM1.asm application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac1        

ora….C1.lsnr application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac1        

ora.rac1.gsd   application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac1        

ora.rac1.ons   application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac1        

ora.rac1.vip   application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac1        

ora….SM2.asm application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac2        

ora….C2.lsnr application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac2        

ora.rac2.gsd   application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac2        

ora.rac2.ons   application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac2        

ora.rac2.vip   application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac2        

这是一个已经在运行中的RAC环境，我们模拟所有的ocr和vote均损坏。

ocr和vot盘均采用裸设备：

# cat ocr.loc 

ocrconfig_loc=/dev/raw/raw1

ocrmirrorconfig_loc=/dev/raw/raw2

[root@rac1 oracle]# crsctl query css votedisk

 0.     0    /dev/raw/raw3

 1.     0    /dev/raw/raw4

 2.     0    /dev/raw/raw5

located 3 votedisk(s).

我们将所有的裸设备全部dd格式化掉：

[root@rac1 oracle]# dd if=/dev/zero f=/dev/raw/raw1 bs=8192 count=12800

12800+0 records in

12800+0 records out

[root@rac1 oracle]# dd if=/dev/zero f=/dev/raw/raw2 bs=8192 count=12800

12800+0 records in

12800+0 records out

[root@rac1 ~]# dd if=/dev/zero f=/dev/raw/raw3 bs=8192 count=12800

12800+0 records in

12800+0 records out

[root@rac1 ~]# dd if=/dev/zero f=/dev/raw/raw4 bs=8192 count=12800

12800+0 records in

12800+0 records out

[root@rac1 ~]# dd if=/dev/zero f=/dev/raw/raw5 bs=8192 count=12800

12800+0 records in

12800+0 records out

此时CRS进程已经无法启动：

[root@rac1 oracle]# crsctl check crs

Failure 1 contacting CSS daemon

Cannot communicate with CRS

Cannot communicate with EVM 

尝试从新配置CRS：

分别在每个节点执行$CRS_HOME/install/rootdelete.sh

[root@rac1 oracle]# cd $CRS_HOME

[root@rac1 crs]# cd install

[root@rac1 install]# ./rootdelete.sh

Shutting down Oracle Cluster Ready Services (CRS):

OCR initialization failed with invalid format: PROC-22: The OCR backend has an invalid format

Shutdown has begun. The daemons should exit soon.

Checking to see if Oracle CRS stack is down…

Oracle CRS stack is not running.

Oracle CRS stack is down now.

Removing script. for Oracle Cluster Ready services

Updating ocr file for downgrade

Cleaning up SCR settings in '/etc/oracle/scls_scr'

二节点：

[root@rac2 install]# ./rootdelete.sh 

Shutting down Oracle Cluster Ready Services (CRS):

OCR initialization failed with invalid format: PROC-22: The OCR backend has an invalid format

Shutdown has begun. The daemons should exit soon.

Checking to see if Oracle CRS stack is down…

Oracle CRS stack is not running.

Oracle CRS stack is down now.

Removing script. for Oracle Cluster Ready services

Updating ocr file for downgrade

Cleaning up SCR settings in '/etc/oracle/scls_scr'

在任一节点上执行$CRS_HOME/install/rootdeinstall.sh

[root@rac1 install]# ./rootdeinstall.sh 

Removing contents from OCR mirror device

2560+0 records in

2560+0 records out

Removing contents from OCR device

2560+0 records in

2560+0 records out

此时我们已经将OCR和VOTE盘的安装配置信息删除，我们可以重新运行root.sh

[root@rac1 crs]# ./root.sh 

WARNING: directory '/oracle/app/product/10.2.0' is not owned by root

WARNING: directory '/oracle/app/product' is not owned by root

WARNING: directory '/oracle/app' is not owned by root

WARNING: directory '/oracle' is not owned by root

Checking to see if Oracle CRS stack is already configured

Setting the permissions on OCR backup directory

Setting up NS directories

Oracle Cluster Registry configuration upgraded successfully

WARNING: directory '/oracle/app/product/10.2.0' is not owned by root

WARNING: directory '/oracle/app/product' is not owned by root

WARNING: directory '/oracle/app' is not owned by root

WARNING: directory '/oracle' is not owned by root

assigning default hostname rac1 for node 1.

assigning default hostname rac2 for node 2.

Successfully accumulated necessary OCR keys.

Using ports: CSS=49895 CRS=49896 EVMC=49898 and EVMR=49897.

node :

node 1: rac1 rac1-priv rac1

node 2: rac2 rac2-priv rac2

Creating OCR keys for user 'root', privgrp 'root'..

Operation successful.

Now formatting voting device: /dev/raw/raw3

Now formatting voting device: /dev/raw/raw4

Now formatting voting device: /dev/raw/raw5

Format of 3 voting devices complete.

Startup will be queued to init within 90 seconds.

Adding daemons to inittab

Expecting the CRS daemons to be up within 600 seconds.

CSS is active on these nodes.

        rac1

CSS is inactive on these nodes.

        rac2

Local node checking complete.

Run root.sh on remaining nodes to start CRS daemons.

[root@rac1 crs]# crsctl check crs

在二节点同样执行$CRS_HOME/root.sh

执行vipca重新配置VIP

此时crs中没有注册信息我们需要用netca命令重新配置监听，以便监听注册到crs中，以及ASM DB都注册到crs中

netca监听重新配置截图省略：

6.到目前为止只有监听，nodeapps资源注册到了OCR中，我们还需要将ASM，DB都注册进去。

7.继续将ASM注册进去：

[root@rac1 oracle]# srvctl add asm -n rac1 -i +ASM1 -o /oracle/app/product/db_1

null

  [PRKS-1030 : Failed to add configuration for ASM instance "+ASM1" on node "rac1" in cluster registry, [PRKH-1001 : HASContext Internal Error]

  [PRKH-1001 : HASContext Internal Error]]

添加后报错，查了很久的原因，最后发现ASM资源是要通过oracle用户注册的，其实也不难发现，但凡是涉及到$ORACLE_HOME目录的肯定是要用oracle用户去执行，就像后面注册数据库DB资源也是一样。看来任何东西都不能疏忽啊。

成功注册了ASM资源：

[oracle@rac1 ~]$ srvctl add asm -n rac1 -i +ASM1 -o /oracle/app/product/db_1

[oracle@rac1 ~]$ srvctl add asm -n rac2 -i +ASM2 -o /oracle/app/product/db_1

[oracle@rac1 ~]$ crs_stat -t

Name           Type           Target    State     Host        

————————————————————

ora….SM1.asm application    OFFLINE   OFFLINE               

ora….C1.lsnr application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac1        

ora.rac1.gsd   application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac1        

ora.rac1.ons   application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac1        

ora.rac1.vip   application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac1        

ora….SM2.asm application    OFFLINE   OFFLINE               

ora….C2.lsnr application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac2        

ora.rac2.gsd   application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac2        

ora.rac2.ons   application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac2        

ora.rac2.vip   application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac2  

尝试启动ASM资源：

[root@rac1 oracle]# srvctl start asm -n rac1

[root@rac1 oracle]# srvctl start asm -n rac2

[root@rac1 oracle]# crs_stat -t

Name           Type           Target    State     Host        

————————————————————

ora….SM1.asm application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac1        

ora….C1.lsnr application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac1        

ora.rac1.gsd   application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac1        

ora.rac1.ons   application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac1        

ora.rac1.vip   application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac1        

ora….SM2.asm application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac2        

ora….C2.lsnr application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac2        

ora.rac2.gsd   application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac2        

ora.rac2.ons   application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac2        

ora.rac2.vip   application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac2

很幸运ASM启动了，不过有的时候ASM启动时候会报错：

若在启动时报ORA-27550错误。是因为RAC无法确定使用哪个网卡作为Private Interconnect，解决方法：在两个ASM的pfile文件里添加如下参数：

+ASM1.cluster_interconnects='10.10.17.221'

+ASM2.cluster_interconnects='10.10.17.222'

手工向OCR中添加DB信息：

[oracle@rac1 ~]$ srvctl add database -d orcl -o /oracle/app/product/db_1

手工添加实例信息：

[oracle@rac1 ~]$ srvctl add instance -d orcl -i orcl1 -n rac1

[oracle@rac1 ~]$ srvctl add instance -d orcl -i orcl2 -n rac2

[root@rac1 oracle]# crs_stat -t

Name           Type           Target    State     Host        

————————————————————

ora.orcl.db    application    OFFLINE   OFFLINE               

ora….l1.inst application    OFFLINE   OFFLINE               

ora….l2.inst application    OFFLINE   OFFLINE               

ora….SM1.asm application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac1        

ora….C1.lsnr application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac1        

ora.rac1.gsd   application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac1        

ora.rac1.ons   application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac1        

ora.rac1.vip   application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac1        

ora….SM2.asm application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac2        

ora….C2.lsnr application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac2        

ora.rac2.gsd   application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac2        

ora.rac2.ons   application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac2        

ora.rac2.vip   application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac2   

修改实例和ASM实例的依赖关系：

[oracle@rac1 ~]$ srvctl modify instance -d orcl -i orcl1 -s +ASM1

[oracle@rac1 ~]$ srvctl modify instance -d orcl -i orcl2 -s +ASM2

启动数据库：

[oracle@rac1 ~]$ srvctl start database -d orcl

[oracle@rac1 ~]$ crs_stat -t

Name           Type           Target    State     Host        

————————————————————

ora.orcl.db    application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac2        

ora….l1.inst application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac1        

ora….l2.inst application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac2        

ora….SM1.asm application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac1        

ora….C1.lsnr application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac1        

ora.rac1.gsd   application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac1        

ora.rac1.ons   application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac1        

ora.rac1.vip   application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac1        

ora….SM2.asm application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac2        

ora….C2.lsnr application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac2        

ora.rac2.gsd   application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac2        

ora.rac2.ons   application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac2        

ora.rac2.vip   application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac2  

所有实例启动成功。

如果启动过程中也和起订ASM一样报错：

若也出现ORA-27550错误。也是因为RAC无法确定使用哪个网卡作为Private Interconnect，修改pfile参数在重启动即可解决。

SQL>alter system set cluster_interconnects='10.10.17.221' scope=spfile sid='RACDB1';

SQL>alter system set cluster_interconnects='10.10.17.222' scope=spfile sid='RACDB2';

为确保安全，重新启动CRS（双节点）

[root@rac1 oracle]# crsctl stop crs

Stopping resources.

Successfully stopped CRS resources 

Stopping CSSD.

Shutting down CSS daemon.

Shutdown request successfully issued.

[root@rac1 oracle]# crsctl start crs

Attempting to start CRS stack 

The CRS stack will be started shortly

CRS启动成功：

[root@rac1 oracle]# crsctl check crs

CSS appears healthy

CRS appears healthy

EVM appears healthy

[root@rac1 oracle]# crs_stat -t

Name           Type           Target    State     Host        

————————————————————

ora.orcl.db    application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac1        

ora….l1.inst application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac1        

ora….l2.inst application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac2        

ora….SM1.asm application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac1        

ora….C1.lsnr application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac1        

ora.rac1.gsd   application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac1        

ora.rac1.ons   application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac1        

ora.rac1.vip   application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac1        

ora….SM2.asm application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac2        

ora….C2.lsnr application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac2        

ora.rac2.gsd   application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac2        

ora.rac2.ons   application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac2        

ora.rac2.vip   application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac2        

至此root.sh 的重新配置完全结束。

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