随着Internet技术的发展和跨平台需求的日益增加,Web Services的应用越来越广,我们不但需要通过Web Services传递字符串信息,而且需要传递二进制文件信息。下面,我们就分别介绍如何通过Web Services从服务器下载文件到客户端和从客户端通过Web Services上载文件到服务器。
一:通过Web Services显示和下载文件
我们这里建立的Web Services的名称为GetBinaryFile,提供两个公共方法:分别是GetImage()和GetImageType(),前者返回二进制文件字节数组,后者返回文件类型,其中,GetImage()方法有一个参数,用来在客户端选择要显示或下载的文件名字。这里我们所显示和下载的文件可以不在虚拟目录下,采用这个方法的好处是:可以根据权限对文件进行显示和下载控制,从下面的方法我们可以看出,实际的文件位置并没有在虚拟目录下,因此可以更好地对文件进行权限控制,这在对安全性有比较高的情况下特别有用。这个功能在以前的ASP程序中可以用Stream对象实现。为了方便读者进行测试,这里列出了全部的源代码,并在源代码里进行介绍和注释。
首先,建立GetBinaryFile.asmx文件:
我们可以在VS.NET里新建一个C#的aspxWebCS工程,然后“添加新项”,选择“Web服务”,并设定文件名为:GetBinaryFile.asmx,在“查看代码”中输入以下代码,即:
GetBinaryFile.asmx.cs:
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一旦我们创建了上面的asmx文件,进行编译后,我们就可以编写客户端的代码来进行调用这个Web Services了。
我们先“添加Web引用”,输入:http://localhost/aspxWebCS/GetBinaryFile.asmx。下面,我们编写显示文件的中间文件:GetBinaryFileShow.aspx,这里,我们只需要在后代码里编写代码即可,GetBinaryFileShow.aspx.cs文件内容如下:
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最后,我们就编写最终的浏览页面:GetBinaryFile.aspx,这个文件很简单,只需要aspx文件即可,内容如下:
<%@ Page language="c#" Codebehind="GetBinaryFile.aspx.cs" AutoEventWireup="false"Inherits="aspxWebCS.GetBinaryFile" %>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W 3C //DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN" >
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<title> 通过 Web Services 显示和下载文件 </title>
<meta name="GENERATOR" Content="Microsoft Visual Studio 7.0">
<meta name="CODE_LANGUAGE" Content="C#">
<meta name="vs_defaultClientScript" content="JavaScript">
<meta name="vs_targetSchema" content="http://schemas.microsoft.com/intellisense/ie5">
</HEAD>
<body MS_POSITIONING="GridLayout">
<form id="GetBinaryFile" method="post" runat="server">
<FONT face=" 宋体 ">
<asp:HyperLink id="HyperLink1" NavigateUrl="GetBinaryFileShow.aspx?Download=1"
runat="server"> 下载文件 </asp:HyperLink>
<br/>
<!-- 下面是直接显示文件 -->
<asp:Image id="Image1" ImageUrl="GetBinaryFileShow.aspx" runat="server"></asp:Image>
</FONT>
</form>
</body>
</HTML>