【监听】tnsname.ora文件理解

tnsnames.ora文件说明，类似host文件，客户端不需要知道数据库名和实例名，只需要知道该数据库对外提供的服务名（RAC环境下服务名下面还可以增加一个INSTANCE_NAME子配置选项）或SID就可以申请连接到数据库

 

TNSNAMES.ORA中配置service_name和配置sid都可以，但是sqlplus必须使用service_name

 

 

TNSNAMES.ORA中SERVICE_NAME、SID的区别

SID只指定一个实例，而SERVICE_NAME在RAC环境中指定多个实例。

如果配置RAC的某一台机器就配置SID，如果配置负载均衡则配置service_name，当然在service_name下面在指定instance_name也可以指定单独的实例

 

LUXUS =

  (DESCRIPTION =

    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = localhost)(PORT = 1521))

    (CONNECT_DATA =

      (SERVER = DEDICATED)//表示采用专用模式，如果服务端不是专用模式，则采用服务端的默认连接方式, 服务端配置为共享服务器的情况，Client可以用共享服务器或者专用服务器来联接数据库，这个参数的控制就是SERVER

      (SERVICE_NAME = luxus)

    )

  )

 

 

LUXUS2 =

  (DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = localhost)(PORT = 1521))

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = localhost)(PORT = 1523))/*配置了一个负载均衡，连接luxus2时会自动连接到一个端口1521或1523的服务*/

(CONNECT_DATA =

      (SERVICE_NAME = luxus)

    )

  )

 

 

 

RAC的配置，标准配置如下

testdb =

  (DESCRIPTION =

    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 10.98.0.142)(PORT = 1521))

    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 10.98.0.143)(PORT = 1521))

    (LOAD_BALANCE = yes)

    (CONNECT_DATA =

      (SERVER = DEDICATED)

      (SERVICE_NAME = TESTDB)

       (FAILOVER_MODE=

         (TYPE = session)

         (METHOD = basic)

         (RETRIES = 180)

         (DELAY = 5)

    )

    )

  )

 

 

RAC的配置，也可以采用直接使用SID来指明单独实例

testdb1 =

  (DESCRIPTION =

    (ADDRESS_LIST =

      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 10.98.0.142)(PORT = 1521))

    )

    (CONNECT_DATA =

      (SID = TESTDB1)

    )

  )

 

testdb2 =

  (DESCRIPTION =

    (ADDRESS_LIST =

      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 10.98.0.143)(PORT = 1521))

    )

    (CONNECT_DATA =

      (SID = TESTDB2)

    )

  )

 

RAC的配置，也可以采用service_name和instance_name来指明单独实例

testdb1 =

  (DESCRIPTION =

    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 10.98.0.142)(PORT = 1521))

    (CONNECT_DATA =

      (SERVER = DEDICATED)

      (SERVICE_NAME = TESTDB)

     (INSTANCE_NAME=TESTDB1)

    )

  )

 

testdb2 =

  (DESCRIPTION =

    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 10.98.0.143)(PORT = 1521))

    (CONNECT_DATA =

      (SERVER = DEDICATED)

      (SERVICE_NAME =TESTDB)

      (INSTANCE_NAME=TESTDB2)

    )

  )

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