利用RMAN修复数据文件中的坏块

利用RMAN修复数据文件中的坏块

1 、创建测试表：

SQL> create table tab_dbv tablespace ghost as select * from dba_objects;

表已创建。

SQL> insert into tab_dbv select * from tab_dbv;

已创建 50363 行。

SQL> insert into tab_dbv select * from tab_dbv;

已创建 100726 行。

SQL> commit;

提交完成。

2 、查找 tab_dbv 的块头：

SQL> select segment_name,header_block from dba_segments where segment_name='TAB_DBV';

SEGMENT_NAME              HEADER_BLOCK

------------------------- ------------

TAB_DBV                             35

SQL> select to_char(35*8*1024,'xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx') from dual;

TO_CHAR(35*8*1024,'XXXX

-----------------------

                  46000

SQL> select to_char(36*8*1024,'xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx') from dual;

TO_CHAR(36*8*1024,'XXXX

-----------------------

                  48000

我们使用 UE 修改 46000H 到 48000H 之间的数据。

启动数据库，查询：

SQL> select count(*) from tab_dbv;

select count(*) from tab_dbv

                     *

ERROR at line 1:

ORA-01578: ORACLE data block corrupted (file # 6, block # 560)

ORA-01110: data file 6: 'E:\ORACLE\PRODUCT\10.2.0\ORADATA\HUNT\GHOST_001.DBF'

使用 DBV 对数据文件进行检查：

C:\>dbv file='E:\oracle\product\10.2.0\oradata\hunt\GHOST_001.DBF'

......

Page 560 is marked corrupt

Corrupt block relative dba: 0x01800230 (file 6, block 560)  --- 第一个坏块位置

……

Page 576 is marked corrupt

Corrupt block relative dba: 0x01800240 (file 6, block 576)  --- 第二个坏块位置

DBVERIFY - Verification complete

Total Pages Examined         : 14080

Total Pages Processed (Data) : 2782

Total Pages Failing   (Data) : 0

Total Pages Processed (Index): 88

Total Pages Failing   (Index): 0

Total Pages Processed (Other): 80

Total Pages Processed (Seg)  : 0

Total Pages Failing   (Seg)  : 0

Total Pages Empty            : 11128

Total Pages Marked Corrupt   : 2                ----- 有两个块损坏。

Total Pages Influx           : 0

Highest block SCN            : 1255980 (0.1255980)

2 、检查坏块：

RMAN> backup validate database;

SQL>select * from v$database_block_corruption;

	FILE#	BLOCK#	BLOCKS	CORRUPTION_CHANGE#	CORRUPTION_TYPE
1	6	576	1	0	CORRUPT
2	6	560	1	0	CORRUPT

与 DBV 报出的结果一致。

3 、修复坏块：

RMAN> blockrecover datafile 6 block 560;

--- 此命令是 10G 才有的， 9I 不支持。

RMAN> backup validate datafile 6;

--- 重新检验。

SQL>select * from v$database_block_corruption;

	FILE#	BLOCK#	BLOCKS	CORRUPTION_CHANGE#	CORRUPTION_TYPE
1	6	576	1	0	CORRUPT

SQL> select count(*) from tab_dbv;

select count(*) from tab_dbv

                     *

ERROR at line 1:

ORA-01578: ORACLE data block corrupted (file # 6, block # 576) 

--- 此时报 576 损坏，说明 560 已修复

ORA-01110: data file 6: 'E:\ORACLE\PRODUCT\10.2.0\ORADATA\HUNT\GHOST_001.DBF'

说明：

存在坏块时 RMAN 备份无法进行，如：

RMAN> backup datafile 6;

Starting backup at 26-MAY-12

using channel ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backupset

channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset

input datafile fno=00006 name=E:\ORACLE\PRODUCT\10.2.0\ORADATA\HUNT\GHOST_001.DBF

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 26-MAY-12

RMAN-00571: ===========================================================

RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============

RMAN-00571: ===========================================================

RMAN-03009: failure of backup command on ORA_DISK_1 channel at 05/26/2012 08:54:40

ORA-19566: exceeded limit of 0 corrupt blocks for file  E:\ORACLE\PRODUCT\10.2.0\ORADATA\HUNT\GHOST_001.DBF

我们可以修改 corrupt 的允许数量（默认为 0 ）对数据文件进行备份。在执行 RUN 脚本时指定 maxcorrupt 即可：

RUN {

Set maxcorrupt for datafile 6 to 1;

Backup datafile 6;

…..

}

在命令行方式下执行会报错：

RMAN> Set maxcorrupt for datafile 6 to 1;

RMAN-00571: ===========================================================

RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============

RMAN-00571: ===========================================================

RMAN-03031: this option of set command needs to be used inside a run block

按同样方法修复 (file # 6, block # 576) ：

RMAN> blockrecover datafile 6 block 576;

RMAN> backup validate datafile 6;

SQL>select * from v$database_block_corruption;

no rows selected

查询数据：

SQL> select count(*) from tab_dbv;

  COUNT(*)

----------

201452

修复成功！

来自 “ ITPUB博客 ” ，链接：http://blog.itpub.net/28673746/viewspace-757725/，如需转载，请注明出处，否则将追究法律责任。

转载于:http://blog.itpub.net/28673746/viewspace-757725/