本文主要参考自:https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_36380516/article/details/80453275,侵权立删!
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邮件服务用途较多,如:注册时验证用户、找回密码、线上程序出现重大bug时触发邮件提醒以及服务器关键数据(CPU、网络、内存)监控提醒等,可以说随处可以用到,下面讲解了一个使用flask_mail实现的邮件发送功能,有完整代码,测试可行。
首先下载依赖库flask_mail
pip install flask_mail
配置信息:
app.config['MAIL_SERVER'] = 'smtp.qq.com'
app.config['MAIL_PORT'] = 465
app.config['MAIL_USE_TLS'] = True
app.config['MAIL_USERNAME'] = 'xxx@qq.com' //邮箱账号
app.config['MAIL_PASSWORD'] = 'xxxx' //QQ邮箱授权码
mail = Mail(app)
注意,password这里填写的不是邮箱密码,而是邮箱授权码,关于QQ邮箱授权码如何获取,可以自行百度
其他参考配置信息(可选)
配置项 | 默认值 | 功能 |
MAIL_SERVER | localhost | 邮箱服务器 |
MAIL_PORT | 25 | 端口 |
MAIL_USE_TLS | False | 是否使用TLS |
MAIL_USE_SSL | False | 是否使用SSL |
MAIL_DEBUG | app.debug | 是否为DEBUG模式,打印调试消息 |
MAIL_SUPPRESS_SEND | app.testing | 设置是否真的发送邮件,True不发送 |
MAIL_USERNAME | None | 用户名,填邮箱 |
MAIL_PASSWORD | None | 密码,填授权码 |
MAIL_DEFAULT_SENDER | None | 默认发送者,填邮箱 |
MAIL_MAX_EMAILS | None | 一次连接中的发送邮件的上限 |
MAIL_ASCII_ATTACHMENTS | False | 如果 MAIL_ASCII_ATTACHMENTS 设置成 True 的话,文件名将会转换成 ASCII 的。一般用于添加附件。 |
一个例子send_mail.py:
使用python send_mail.py运行,然后用浏览器访问http://127.0.0.1:5000/,即可发出邮件
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from flask import Flask
from flask_mail import Mail, Message
app = Flask(__name__)
app.config['MAIL_SERVER'] = 'smtp.qq.com'
app.config['MAIL_PORT'] = 465
app.config['MAIL_USE_TLS'] = True
app.config['MAIL_USERNAME'] = '1754XXXXXX@qq.com'
app.config['MAIL_PASSWORD'] = 'xxxxhqczyuamfbjh'
mail = Mail(app)
@app.route('/')
msg = Message('标题', sender='1754XXXXXX@qq.com', recipients=['xxxxx@163.com'])
msg.body = '内容XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX'
mail.send(msg)
return 'Sent'
if __name__ == '__main__':
app.run(debug=True)
上面是一个发送邮件的简单示例,只要访问,就会发送邮件到收件箱。在实际运用中,发送邮件通常需要几秒中,当触发发送邮件条件时我们不会在页面停留等他发完才去进行别的操作,而是为发送邮件服务开启另一个线程,对上面的例子进行修改如下即可:
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from flask import Flask
from flask_mail import Mail, Message
from threading import Thread
app = Flask(__name__)
app.config['MAIL_SERVER'] = 'smtp.qq.com'
app.config['MAIL_PORT'] = 465
app.config['MAIL_USE_TLS'] = True
app.config['MAIL_USERNAME'] = '1754XXXXXX@qq.com'
app.config['MAIL_PASSWORD'] = 'xxxxhqczyuamfbjh'
mail = Mail(app)
def send_async_email(app,msg):
with app.app_context():
mail.send(msg)
@app.route('/')
msg = Message('标题', sender='1754XXXXXX@qq.com', recipients=['xxxxx@163.com'])
msg.body = '内容XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX'
thread = Thread(target=send_async_email,args=[app,msg])
thread.start()
return "Sent"'
if __name__ == '__main__':
app.run(debug=True)