qml与cpp的交互方法总结

//一、通过信号与槽的方法交互
//.h
#ifndef MYOBJECT_H
#define MYOBJECT_H

#include <QObject>
#include <QtQml>

class MyObject : public QObject
{
    Q_OBJECT

    Q_PROPERTY(QString name READ getValue WRITE setValue NOTIFY nameChange)
public:

    static MyObject *Get()
    {
        static MyObject obj;
        return &obj;
    }

    explicit MyObject(QObject *parent = nullptr);

    void setValue(const QString &);
    QString getValue();
    Q_INVOKABLE void func();
private:
    QString name;
signals:
    void nameChange(const QString &);
    void mySignal(QVariant);

public slots:
    void test(QString name);
};

#endif // MYOBJECT_H



//.cpp
#include "myobject.h"

MyObject::MyObject(QObject *parent) : QObject(parent)
{

}

void MyObject::setValue(const QString &_context)
{
    name = _context;
    emit nameChange(name);
}

QString MyObject::getValue()
{
    return name;
}

void MyObject::func()
{
    qDebug() << __FUNCTION__;
    emit mySignal(100);
}

void MyObject::test(QString name)
{
    qDebug() << name;
}

//main.qml
import QtQuick 2.9
import QtQuick.Window 2.2
import QtQuick.Controls 2.4

Window {
    objectName: "root"
    id : root
    visible: true
    width: 480
    height: 360
    title: qsTr("Hello World")

    signal sigTest(string name)
    function func(v){
        console.log("func : ", v)
    }

    Button{
        objectName: "btn"
        width: 100
        height: 100
        onClicked: {
            sigTest("hello")
        }
    }
}


//main.cpp
#include <QGuiApplication>
#include <QQmlApplicationEngine>
#include <QQmlContext>
#include <QtQml>

#include "myobject.h"


int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    QCoreApplication::setAttribute(Qt::AA_EnableHighDpiScaling);

    QGuiApplication app(argc, argv);

    QQmlApplicationEngine engine;
    engine.load(QUrl(QStringLiteral("qrc:/main.qml")));
    if (engine.rootObjects().isEmpty())
        return -1;

    QList<QObject*> list = engine.rootObjects();
    QObject *obj = list.first();
    if(obj)
    {
        qDebug() << obj->objectName();
        QObject::connect(obj, SIGNAL(sigTest(QString)), MyObject::Get(), SLOT(test(QString)));
        QObject::connect(MyObject::Get(), SIGNAL(mySignal(QVariant)), obj, SLOT(func(QVariant)));

        emit MyObject::Get()->mySignal(100);
    }

    return app.exec();
}

//二、通过qmlRegisterType注册cpp的类型给qml调用
//main.qml
import QtQuick 2.9
import QtQuick.Window 2.2
import QtQuick.Controls 2.4

import MyObj 1.0

Window {
    objectName: "root"
    id : root
    visible: true
    width: 480
    height: 360
    title: qsTr("Hello World")

    signal sigTest(string name)
    function func(v){
        console.log("func : ", v)
    }

    MyObject{
        id : obj
       Component.onCompleted: {
           console.log("MyObject Completed")
           obj.func()
       }
    }

    Component.onCompleted: {
        sigTest.connect(obj.test)
        obj.mySignal.connect(func)

        obj.test("i am cpp")
        sigTest("sigTest")
    }
}


//main.cpp
#include <QGuiApplication>
#include <QQmlApplicationEngine>
#include <QQmlContext>
#include <QtQml>

#include "myobject.h"


int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    QCoreApplication::setAttribute(Qt::AA_EnableHighDpiScaling);

    QGuiApplication app(argc, argv);

     qmlRegisterType<MyObject>("MyObj", 1, 0, "MyObject");

    QQmlApplicationEngine engine;
    engine.load(QUrl(QStringLiteral("qrc:/main.qml")));
    if (engine.rootObjects().isEmpty())
        return -1;

    return app.exec();
}

//三、cpp可通过QMetaObject::invokeMethod直接调用qml的函数
//main.cpp
#include <QGuiApplication>
#include <QQmlApplicationEngine>
#include <QQmlContext>
#include <QtQml>

#include "myobject.h"


int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    QCoreApplication::setAttribute(Qt::AA_EnableHighDpiScaling);

    QGuiApplication app(argc, argv);

    QQmlApplicationEngine engine;
    engine.load(QUrl(QStringLiteral("qrc:/main.qml")));
    if (engine.rootObjects().isEmpty())
        return -1;

    QList<QObject*> list = engine.rootObjects();
    QObject *obj = list.first();
    if(obj)
    {
        qDebug() << obj->objectName();

        QVariant res;
        QVariant arg = "hello, qml";
        QMetaObject::invokeMethod(obj, "func", Q_RETURN_ARG(QVariant,res),
                                  Q_ARG(QVariant, arg));
    }

    return app.exec();
}

//四、将cpp对象注册到qml中
//.h
#ifndef OBJECT_H
#define OBJECT_H

#include <QObject>
#include <QtQml>
#include <QLabel>

class Object : public QObject
{
    Q_OBJECT
public:
    Q_PROPERTY(int index MEMBER index NOTIFY cppSigIndexChanged);

    static Object *Get()
    {
        static Object o;
        return &o;
    }
    explicit Object(QObject *parent = nullptr);

    int index = 0;

    Q_INVOKABLE void func()
    {
        qDebug() << "hello, qml";
    }

signals:
    void cppSigIndexChanged();
};
#endif // OBJECT_H

//qml
import QtQuick 2.2
import QtQuick.Controls 1.2
import QtQuick.Controls.Styles 1.2
import QtQuick 2.14
import Qt.labs.qmlmodels 1.0
import QtMultimedia 5.12
import QtQuick.Controls 2.12

ApplicationWindow {
    visible: true
    width: 480
    height: 360
    title: qsTr("Test Custom TableView")

    Component.onCompleted: {
        obj.func()

        obj.index = 100
        console.log("index : " + obj.index)
    }
}

//main.cpp 将对象注册到qml中
Object obj;
engine.rootContext()->setContextProperty("obj", &obj);