12 rabbtiMQ的DLX（死信队列）

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分类专栏： rabbitMQ

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死信队列：
1 消息被拒绝(basic.reject / basic.nack)，并且requeue = false
2 消息TTL过期
3 队列达到最大长度
在这里插入图片描述

生产者死信队列

1 消息TTL过期
2 队列达到最大长度

导入依赖

pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>org.example</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring_rabbitmq_reliability_producer</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.10.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.amqp</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-rabbit</artifactId>
            <version>2.2.6.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.12</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.10.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>3.8.0</version>
                <configuration>
                    <source>1.8</source>
                    <target>1.8</target>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>


</project>

resources配置文件

rabbitmq.properties

rabbitmq.host=localhost  #rabbitmq安装的ip
rabbitmq.port=5672
rabbitmq.username=admin
rabbitmq.password=123456
rabbitmq.virtual-host=/

spring-rabbitmq-producer.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:rabbit="http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
       https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit/spring-rabbit.xsd">

    <!--加载配置文件-->
    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:rabbitmq.properties"/>

    <!-- 定义rabbitmq connectionFactory -->
    <rabbit:connection-factory id="connectionFactory"
                               host="${rabbitmq.host}"
                               port="${rabbitmq.port}"
                               username="${rabbitmq.username}"
                               password="${rabbitmq.password}"
                               virtual-host="${rabbitmq.virtual-host}"

                               publisher-confirms="true"
                               publisher-returns="true"
    />

    <!--管理交换机，队列-->
    <rabbit:admin connection-factory="connectionFactory"/>

    <!--定义rabbitTemplate对象操作可以在代码中方便发送消息-->
    <rabbit:template id="rabbitTemplate" connection-factory="connectionFactory"/>
    
    <!--死信队列
        1 声明正常的队列（test_queue_dlx）和交换机（test_exchange_dlx）
        2 声明死信队列（queue_dlx）和死信交换机（exchange_dlx）
        3 正常队列绑定死信交换机
            设置两个参数：
                x-dead-letter-exchange:死信交换机名称
                x-dead-letter-routing-key:发送给死信交换机的routingkey
    -->

    <!--
        1. 声明正常的队列(test_queue_dlx)和交换机(test_exchange_dlx)
    -->
    <rabbit:queue name="test_queue_dlx" id="test_queue_dlx">
        <!--3. 正常队列绑定死信交换机-->
        <rabbit:queue-arguments>
            <!--3.1 x-dead-letter-exchange：死信交换机名称-->
            <entry key="x-dead-letter-exchange" value="exchange_dlx" />

            <!--3.2 x-dead-letter-routing-key：发送给死信交换机的routingkey-->
            <entry key="x-dead-letter-routing-key" value="dlx.hehe" />

            <!--4.1 设置队列的过期时间 ttl-->
            <entry key="x-message-ttl" value="10000" value-type="java.lang.Integer" />
            <!--4.2 设置队列的长度限制 max-length -->
            <entry key="x-max-length" value="10" value-type="java.lang.Integer" />
        </rabbit:queue-arguments>
    </rabbit:queue>
    <rabbit:topic-exchange name="test_exchange_dlx">
        <rabbit:bindings>
            <rabbit:binding pattern="test.dlx.#" queue="test_queue_dlx"></rabbit:binding>
        </rabbit:bindings>
    </rabbit:topic-exchange>

    <!--
       2. 声明死信队列(queue_dlx)和死信交换机(exchange_dlx)
   -->

    <rabbit:queue name="queue_dlx" id="queue_dlx"></rabbit:queue>
    <rabbit:topic-exchange name="exchange_dlx">
        <rabbit:bindings>
            <rabbit:binding pattern="dlx.#" queue="queue_dlx"></rabbit:binding>
        </rabbit:bindings>
    </rabbit:topic-exchange>

</beans>

java文件

ProducerTest

package li.chen.com;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.amqp.AmqpException;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.Message;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.MessagePostProcessor;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.connection.CorrelationData;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;

/**
 * @ClassName: ProducerTest
 * @Description 生产者：可靠性
 * @Author lichen
 * @Date 2021/2/4  17:39
 * @Verson 1.0
 **/
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations = "classpath:spring-rabbitmq-producer.xml")
public class ProducerTest {

    @Autowired
    private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;

    /**
     * 发送测试死信消息
     * 1 过期时间
     * 2 长度限制
     * 3 消息拒收（消费者）
     */
    @Test
    public void testDxl(){
        //1 测试过期时间，死信消息
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("test_exchange_dlx","test.dlx.hehe","这是一条消息，会变成死信吗");
        /*
        test_queue_ttl 队列为 1 ;queue_ttl 为0
        10s 后
        test_queue_ttl 队列为 0 ;queue_ttl 为1
         */

        //2 测试长度限制后，消息死信
        for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
            rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("test_exchange_dlx","test.dlx.hehe","这是一条消息，会变成死信吗");
        }
        /*
        test_queue_ttl 队列为 10 ;queue_ttl 为11  （长度现在为10）
        10s 后
        test_queue_ttl 队列为 0 ;queue_ttl 为 21
         */

    }

}

测试

运行testDxl

    test_queue_ttl  为正常队列，xml中设置了种死信队列方式
    
    1 10s后消息过期到死信队列，
    2 队列最大消息数为10，
	超过10条后全部过期到死信队列；且剩余的10条10s后也到死信队列 
	
	故最后所有的消息都会到死信队列queue_ttl

在这里插入图片描述

消费者死信队列

1 消息被拒绝(basic.reject / basic.nack)，并且requeue = false

导入依赖

pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>org.example</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring_rabbitmq_reliability_consumer</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.10.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.amqp</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-rabbit</artifactId>
            <version>2.2.14.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.12</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.10.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>3.8.0</version>
                <configuration>
                    <source>1.8</source>
                    <target>1.8</target>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

resources配置文件

rabbitmq.properties

rabbitmq.host=localhost  #rabbitmq安装的ip
rabbitmq.port=5672
rabbitmq.username=admin
rabbitmq.password=123456
rabbitmq.virtual-host=/

spring-rabbitmq-consumer.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:rabbit="http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
       https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit/spring-rabbit.xsd">
    <!--加载配置文件-->
    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:rabbitmq.properties"/>

    <!-- 定义rabbitmq connectionFactory -->
    <rabbit:connection-factory id="connectionFactory"
                               host="${rabbitmq.host}"
                               port="${rabbitmq.port}"
                               username="${rabbitmq.username}"
                               password="${rabbitmq.password}"
                               virtual-host="${rabbitmq.virtual-host}"/>
    <!--扫描包，自动注册为bean -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="li.chen.com.listener"></context:component-scan>

    <!--定义监听器容器-->
    <rabbit:listener-container connection-factory="connectionFactory" acknowledge="manual" prefetch="1">
        <!--定义监听器监听正常队列-->
        <rabbit:listener ref="dlxListener" queue-names="test_queue_dlx"></rabbit:listener>
    </rabbit:listener-container>

</beans>

java文件

DlxListener

package li.chen.com.listener;

import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.Message;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.listener.api.ChannelAwareMessageListener;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import java.io.IOException;

@Component
public class DlxListener implements ChannelAwareMessageListener {
    @Override
    public void onMessage(Message message, Channel channel) throws Exception {
//        Thread.sleep(1000);
        long deliveryTag = message.getMessageProperties().getDeliveryTag();

        try {
            //1.接收转换消息
            System.out.println(new String(message.getBody()));

            //2. 处理业务逻辑
            System.out.println("处理业务逻辑...");
            int i = 3/0;//出现错误
            //3. 手动签收
            channel.basicAck(deliveryTag,true);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            //e.printStackTrace();
            System.out.println("出现异常，拒绝接受");
            //4.拒绝签收，不重回队列 requeue=false
            channel.basicNack(deliveryTag,true,false);
        }

    }
}

ConsumerTest

]package li.chen.com;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations = "classpath:spring-rabbitmq-consumer.xml")
public class ConsumerTest {

    @Test
    public void test(){
        while (true){}
    }
}