spring（四）AOP相关概念

名词解释

AOP定义：面向切面编程

Joinpoint：连接点，即目标对象中，所有可以增强的方法

Pointcut：切入点，即目标对象中，已经增强的方法

Advice：通知，即需要增强的代码

Target：目标对象，即被代理的对象

Weaving：织入，将通知应用到切入点的过程

Proxy：代理，将通知织入到目标对象之后，形成代理对象

aspect：切面，切入点+通知

AOP实现原理：

1.动态代理：被代理对象必须要实现接口

2.CGLib代理：可以对任何类生成代理，代理的原理是对目标对象进行继承代理 

相关代码：

用户接口：

public interface UserService {

	void add();
	
	void delete();
	
	void update();
	
	void search();
	
}

用户接口实现类：

public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {

	@Override
	public void add() {
		System.out.println("add");
	}

	@Override
	public void delete() {
		System.out.println("delete");
	}

	@Override
	public void update() {
		System.out.println("update");
	}

	@Override
	public void search() {
		System.out.println("search");
	}

}

通知类：

public class UserAdvice {

	//前置通知：目标方法运行前调用
	public void before(){
		System.out.println("before");
	}
	
	//后置通知：方法出现异常不会调用此通知
	public void afterReturning(){
		System.out.println("afterReturning");
	}
	
	//环绕通知：目标方法执行前后都被调用
	public Object around(ProceedingJoinPoint joinPoint) throws Throwable{
		System.out.println("around before");
		Object proceed = joinPoint.proceed();
		System.out.println("around after");
		return proceed;
	}
	
	public void afterException(){
		System.out.println("afterException");
	}
	
	//后置通知：方法出现异常也调用此通知
	public void after(){
		System.out.println("after");
	}
	
}

配置文件：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
	xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.2.xsd ">

<!-- 导入aop约束 -->
<!-- 1.配置目标对象 -->
	<bean name="userService" class="com.milan.spring.service.impl.UserServiceImpl"></bean>
<!-- 2.配置通知对象 -->
	<bean name="myAdvice" class="com.milan.advice.UserAdvice"></bean>
<!-- 3.配置将通知织入目标对象 -->
	<aop:config>
		<!-- 配置切入点
			public void com.milan.spring.service.impl.UserServiceImpl.add()
			void com.milan.spring.service.impl.UserServiceImpl.add()
			* com.milan.spring.service.impl.UserServiceImpl.add()
			* com.milan.spring.service.impl.UserServiceImpl.*(..)
			* com.milan.spring.service.impl.*ServiceImpl.*(..)
		 -->
		<aop:pointcut expression="execution(public void com.milan.spring.service.impl.UserServiceImpl.add())" id="user_add"/>
		<aop:aspect ref="myAdvice">
			<aop:before method="before" pointcut-ref="user_add" />
			<aop:after-returning method="afterReturning" pointcut-ref="user_add"/>
			<aop:around method="around" pointcut-ref="user_add"/>
			<aop:after-throwing method="afterException" pointcut-ref="user_add"/>
			<aop:after method="after" pointcut-ref="user_add"/>
		</aop:aspect>
	</aop:config>

</beans>

测试：

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)//创建容器
@ContextConfiguration("classpath:applicationContext-advice.xml")//指定配置文件位置
public class AdviceTest {
	
	@Resource(name="userService")
	private UserService service;
	
	@Test
	public void Test1(){
		service.add();
	}
	
}

输出如下：

before
around before
add
after
around after
afterReturning

注释配置：

配置切面：

@Aspect
//表示该类为一个通知类
public class UserAdviceByAnnotation {

	@Pointcut("execution(* com.milan.spring.service.impl.*ServiceImpl.*(..))")
	public void advice(){}
	
	
	//前置通知：目标方法运行前调用
	@Before("UserAdviceByAnnotation.advice()")
	public void before(){
		System.out.println("before");
	}
	
	//后置通知：方法出现异常不会调用此通知
	@AfterReturning("execution(* com.milan.spring.service.impl.*ServiceImpl.*(..))")
	public void afterReturning(){
		System.out.println("afterReturning");
	}
	
	//环绕通知：目标方法执行前后都被调用
	@Around("execution(* com.milan.spring.service.impl.*ServiceImpl.*(..))")
	public Object around(ProceedingJoinPoint joinPoint) throws Throwable{
		System.out.println("around before");
		Object proceed = joinPoint.proceed();
		System.out.println("around after");
		return proceed;
	}
	
	@AfterReturning("execution(* com.milan.spring.service.impl.*ServiceImpl.*(..))")
	public void afterException(){
		System.out.println("afterException");
	}
	
	//后置通知：方法出现异常也调用此通知
	@After("execution(* com.milan.spring.service.impl.*ServiceImpl.*(..))")
	public void after(){
		System.out.println("after");
	}
	
}

配置文件：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
	xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.2.xsd ">

<!-- 导入aop约束 -->
<!-- 1.配置目标对象 -->
	<bean name="userService" class="com.milan.spring.service.impl.UserServiceImpl"></bean>
<!-- 2.配置通知对象 -->
	<bean name="myAdvice" class="com.milan.advice.UserAdviceByAnnotation"></bean>
<!-- 3.配置将通知织入目标对象 -->
	<aop:aspectj-autoproxy></aop:aspectj-autoproxy>

</beans>	

测试：

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)//创建容器
@ContextConfiguration("classpath:applicationContext-advice-annotation.xml")//指定配置文件位置
public class AdviceByAnnotationTest {
	
	@Resource(name="userService")
	private UserService service;
	
	@Test
	public void Test1(){
		service.add();
	}
	
}

输出如下：

around before
before
add
around after
after
afterException
afterReturning