原文地址:http://my.oschina.net/jungleliu0923/blog/202948
在实际工作中,我需要使用redis的客户端去连接redis,于是选择了hiredis客户端(公司强推)。 hiRedis 是 Redis 官方指定的 C 语言客户端开发包,支持 Redis 完整的命令集、管线以及事件驱动编程。
1、情景描述
1.1 使用场景
一个epool模型的服务器不断接受外界请求,这个服务器框架给用户预留一个回调函数(多线程),回调函数为用户自己去实现的业务逻辑,其中redis的使用就需要在这个回调函数内部实现。
1.2 初步实现方案
在程序启动的时候,我就初始化redis的连接,获得hiredis句柄。然后把hiredis句柄传入到线程函数里面。让其做相应的业务逻辑。
1.3 结果
很不幸,一次请求都没问题,做压力测试,同时开20个线程访问,程序立即出core。
线上出core如下:
01 | (gdb) bt |
02 | #0 0x000000302af2e2ed in raise () from /lib64/tls/libc.so.6 |
03 | #1 0x000000302af2fa3e in abort () from /lib64/tls/libc.so.6 |
04 | #2 0x000000302af62db1 in __libc_message () from /lib64/tls/libc.so.6 |
05 | #3 0x000000302af6888e in _int_free () from /lib64/tls/libc.so.6 |
06 | #4 0x000000302af6a12d in _int_realloc () from /lib64/tls/libc.so.6 |
07 | #5 0x000000302af6b39c in realloc () from /lib64/tls/libc.so.6 |
08 | #6 0x0000000000dc2269 in sdscatlen (s=Variable "s" is not available. |
09 | ) at sds.c:97 |
10 | #7 0x0000000000dc1d40 in __redisAppendCommand (c=0x16fa1d0, cmd=Variable "cmd" is not available. |
11 | ) at hiredis.c:1186 |
12 | #8 0x0000000000dc1d97 in redisvAppendCommand (c=0x16fa1d0, format=Variable "format" is not available. |
13 | ) at hiredis.c:1206 |
14 | #9 0x0000000000dc1eed in redisvCommand (c=0x16fa1d0, format=Variable "format" is not available. |
15 | ) at hiredis.c:1267 |
16 | #10 0x0000000000dc1fb6 in redisCommand (c=Variable "c" is not available. |
17 | ) at hiredis.c:1276 |
18 | #11 0x0000002b1a8e6310 in Default_Handler::get_batch_redis (this=0x1ff41f0, redis_ins=0x175a7d0, dataid=6202, buf_num=12, res_num=6, key_sign=0x2bd67cb3c8, |
19 | res_lens=0x2bd5f54208, res_buf=0x2bd5f54398 "" ) at default_handler.cpp:659 |
20 | #12 0x0000002b1a9134df in Default_Ms_Handler::get_digest (this=0x1ff41f0) at default_ms_handler.cpp:646 |
21 | #13 0x000000000092910c in do_proc () at gss_work.cpp:1107 |
22 | #14 0x000000000091c91f in thread_main () at gss_net.cpp:188 |
23 | #15 0x0000000000bc10e9 in default_native () at ubserver_app.cpp:283 |
24 | #16 0x0000000000bbc676 in eppool_consume (pool=0x2230b90, data=0x22188f0) at eppool.cpp:649 |
25 | #17 0x0000000000bbc4d1 in _eppool_workers (param=0x22188f0) at eppool.cpp:604 |
26 | #18 0x000000302b80610a in start_thread () from /lib64/tls/libpthread.so.0 |
27 | #19 0x000000302afc6003 in clone () from /lib64/tls/libc.so.6 |
28 | #20 0x0000000000000000 in ?? () |
2、线下复现
因为不方便公开公司代码,所以我写一个类似的代码来复现这个case。
2.1 代码
代码主要有testredis.cpp和Makefile(自己指定hiredis目录)。用法是 ./redis -n [num] -h [host] -p [port], n为host数目,多个host用"-"进行分割。
testredis.cpp
001 | /*************************************************************************** |
002 | * |
003 | * Copyright (c) 2014 Baidu.com, Inc. All Rights Reserved |
004 | * |
005 | **************************************************************************/ |
006 | |
007 | |
008 | |
009 | /** |
010 | * @file redistest.cpp |
011 | * @author liujun05(com@baidu.com) |
012 | * @date 2014/02/25 10:28:44 |
013 | * @brief |
014 | * |
015 | **/ |
016 |
017 | #include<unistd.h> |
018 | #include <stdio.h> |
019 | #include <hiredis.h> |
020 | #include <stdlib.h> |
021 | #include <string.h> |
022 | #include <pthread.h> |
023 |
024 |
025 | #ifndef uint32 |
026 | #define uint32 unsigned int |
027 | #endif |
028 |
029 | #define MAX_REDIS_SERVER_CNT 10 |
030 | #define MAX_REDIS_IPS 1024 |
031 |
032 | typedef struct _redis_conf_t |
033 | { |
034 | uint32 redis_num; |
035 | char redis_ips[MAX_REDIS_IPS]; |
036 | char redis_ip_array[MAX_REDIS_SERVER_CNT][MAX_REDIS_IPS]; |
037 | uint32 redis_port; |
038 |
039 | } redis_conf; |
040 |
041 | typedef struct _redis_data_t |
042 | { |
043 | uint32 redis_num; |
044 | redisContext *rc[MAX_REDIS_SERVER_CNT]; |
045 | }redis_data; |
046 |
047 | redis_conf g_cfg; |
048 | redis_data g_data; |
049 |
050 | void show_usage() |
051 | { |
052 | printf ( "usage: ./redis -n [num] -h [host] -p [port]\n" ); |
053 | } |
054 |
055 | /** 解析参数 */ |
056 | int main_parse_option( int argc, char **argv) |
057 | { |
058 | int c; |
059 | //reset 获取参数的位置,多次调用时这个会出现问题 |
060 | while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "h:p:n:" )) != -1) |
061 | { |
062 | switch (c) |
063 | { |
064 | case 'h' : |
065 | sprintf (g_cfg.redis_ips, optarg); |
066 | break ; |
067 | case 'p' : |
068 | g_cfg.redis_port = atoi (optarg); |
069 | break ; |
070 | case 'n' : |
071 | g_cfg.redis_num = atoi (optarg); |
072 | break ; |
073 | default : |
074 | show_usage(); |
075 | fflush (stdout); |
076 | return -1; |
077 | } |
078 | } |
079 | return 0; |
080 | } |
081 |
082 | void * test_thread1( void * data) |
083 | { |
084 | redis_data* redis_ins = (redis_data*)data; |
085 | redisReply *reply; |
086 | for ( int i=0; i<redis_ins->redis_num; i++) |
087 | { |
088 | reply = (redisReply *)redisCommand( redis_ins->rc[i] , "SET %s %s" , "foo" , "hello world" ); |
089 | freeReplyObject(reply); |
090 | } |
091 | } |
092 |
093 | int init_data() |
094 | { |
095 | g_data.redis_num = 0; |
096 | struct timeval timeout = { 1, 500000 }; // 1.5 seconds |
097 |
098 | char *ptok = NULL; |
099 | char *part = strtok_r(g_cfg.redis_ips, "-" , &ptok); |
100 | int num = 0; |
101 | while (part) |
102 | { |
103 | strcpy (g_cfg.redis_ip_array[num++], part); |
104 | part = strtok_r(NULL, "-" , &ptok); |
105 | } |
106 |
107 | if (num != g_cfg.redis_num || num > MAX_REDIS_SERVER_CNT) |
108 | { |
109 | printf ( "ip num[%d] not equal redis_num[%d] or not vaild\n" , num, g_cfg.redis_num); |
110 | } |
111 |
112 | g_data.redis_num = (num > MAX_REDIS_SERVER_CNT ) ? MAX_REDIS_SERVER_CNT : num; |
113 | int i= 0; |
114 |
115 | for (i=0; i<g_data.redis_num; i++) |
116 | { |
117 | g_data.rc[i] = redisConnectWithTimeout( g_cfg.redis_ip_array[i], g_cfg.redis_port , timeout); |
118 | if ( g_data.rc[i] == NULL || g_data.rc[i]->err) |
119 | { |
120 | printf ( "content to redis server[%s:%u], error[%s]\n" , |
121 | g_cfg.redis_ip_array[i], g_cfg.redis_port, g_data.rc[i]->errstr |
122 | ); |
123 | goto exit ; |
124 | } |
125 | } |
126 | return 0; |
127 |
128 | exit : |
129 | for ( int j=0; j<i; j++) |
130 | { |
131 | if (g_data.rc[j] != NULL) |
132 | { |
133 | redisFree(g_data.rc[j]); |
134 | } |
135 | } |
136 | return -1; |
137 | } |
138 |
139 |
140 | int destory_data() |
141 | { |
142 | for ( int j=0; j<g_data.redis_num; j++) |
143 | { |
144 | if (g_data.rc[j] != NULL) |
145 | { |
146 | redisFree(g_data.rc[j]); |
147 | } |
148 | } |
149 | } |
150 |
151 | int main( int argc, char ** argv) |
152 | { |
153 | g_cfg.redis_ips[0] = '\0' ; |
154 | g_cfg.redis_port = 6379; |
155 | g_cfg.redis_num = 0; |
156 | if ( 0 != main_parse_option(argc, argv) ) |
157 | { |
158 | show_usage(); |
159 | return -1; |
160 | } |
161 |
162 | if ( 0 == g_cfg.redis_num || g_cfg.redis_num > MAX_REDIS_SERVER_CNT ) |
163 | { |
164 | printf ( "the reids num[%u] is not vaild\n" , g_cfg.redis_num); |
165 | show_usage(); |
166 | return 0; |
167 | } |
168 |
169 | int ret = init_data(); |
170 | if ( ret != 0) |
171 | { |
172 | printf ( "init num fail\n" ); |
173 | return -1; |
174 | } |
175 |
176 |
177 | pthread_t t[100]; |
178 | for ( int i=0; i<100; i++) |
179 | { |
180 | pthread_create(&t[i], NULL, test_thread1, &g_data); |
181 | } |
182 |
183 | for ( int i=0; i<100; i++) |
184 | { |
185 | pthread_join(t[i], NULL); |
186 | } |
187 |
188 | destory_data(); |
189 | return 0; |
190 | } |
191 |
192 |
193 |
194 | /* vim: set expandtab ts=4 sw=4 sts=4 tw=100: */ |
1 | redis: testredis.cpp |
2 | g++ -g testredis.cpp -I./hiredis -L./hiredis -lhiredis -lpthread -o redis |
3 |
4 | clean: |
5 | rm redis |
2.2 编译执行
1 | liujun05@cq01-rdqa-dev012.cq01:~/ test /hiredis$ ./redis -n2 -h10.48.46.26-10.46.175.102 |
2 | *** glibc detected *** double free or corruption (!prev): 0x000000000050aa80 *** |
3 | Aborted (core dumped) |
01 | (gdb) bt |
02 | #0 0x000000302af2e2ed in raise () from /lib64/tls/libc.so.6 |
03 | #1 0x000000302af2fa3e in abort () from /lib64/tls/libc.so.6 |
04 | #2 0x000000302af62db1 in __libc_message () from /lib64/tls/libc.so.6 |
05 | #3 0x000000302af6888e in _int_free () from /lib64/tls/libc.so.6 |
06 | #4 0x000000302af68bd6 in free () from /lib64/tls/libc.so.6 |
07 | #5 0x0000000000403c75 in redisBufferWrite (c=0x50a010, done=0x571c008c) at hiredis.c:1162 |
08 | #6 0x0000000000403d3e in redisGetReply (c=0x50a010, reply=0x571c00b8) at hiredis.c:1195 |
09 | #7 0x0000000000403f62 in redisvCommand (c=0x50a010, format=Variable "format" is not available. |
10 | ) at hiredis.c:1296 |
11 | #8 0x0000000000404006 in redisCommand (c=Variable "c" is not available. |
12 | ) at hiredis.c:1313 |
13 | #9 0x00000000004013e7 in test_thread1 (data=0x509ba0) at testredis.cpp:88 |
14 | #10 0x000000302b80610a in start_thread () from /lib64/tls/libpthread.so.0 |
15 | #11 0x000000302afc6003 in clone () from /lib64/tls/libc.so.6 |
16 | #12 0x0000000000000000 in ?? () |
2.3 原因分析
从堆栈5可以看到 hiredis.c的1162行出的core,打开hiredis.c
1 | 1160 } else if (nwritten > 0) { |
2 | 1161 if (nwritten == ( signed )sdslen(c->obuf)) { |
3 | 1162 sdsfree(c->obuf); |
4 | 1163 c->obuf = sdsempty(); |
5 | 1164 } else { |
6 | 1165 c->obuf = sdsrange(c->obuf,nwritten,-1); |
7 | 1166 } |
我们分析下调用关系,首先调用redisCommand.
1 | 1309 void *redisCommand(redisContext *c, const char *format, ...) { |
2 | 1310 va_list ap; |
3 | 1311 void *reply = NULL; |
4 | 1312 va_start (ap,format); |
5 | 1313 reply = redisvCommand(c,format,ap); |
6 | 1314 va_end (ap); |
7 | 1315 return reply; |
8 | 1316 } |
1 | 1303 void *redisvCommand(redisContext *c, const char *format, va_list ap) { |
2 | 1304 if (redisvAppendCommand(c,format,ap) != REDIS_OK) |
3 | 1305 return NULL; |
4 | 1306 return __redisBlockForReply(c); |
5 | 1307 } |
接着调用redisvAppendCommand
01 | <span></span>1233 int redisvAppendCommand(redisContext *c, const char *format, va_list ap) { |
02 | 1234 char *cmd; |
03 | 1235 int len; |
04 | 1236 |
05 | 1237 len = redisvFormatCommand(&cmd,format,ap); |
06 | 1238 if (len == -1) { |
07 | 1239 __redisSetError(c,REDIS_ERR_OOM, "Out of memory" ); |
08 | 1240 return REDIS_ERR; |
09 | 1241 } |
10 | 1242 |
11 | 1243 if (__redisAppendCommand(c,cmd,len) != REDIS_OK) { |
12 | 1244 free (cmd); |
13 | 1245 return REDIS_ERR; |
14 | 1246 } |
15 | 1247 |
16 | 1248 free (cmd); |
17 | 1249 return REDIS_OK; |
18 | 1250 } |
这里,我们需要care调用__redisAppendCommand.
01 | 1220 int __redisAppendCommand(redisContext *c, char *cmd, size_t len) { |
02 | 1221 sds newbuf; |
03 | 1222 |
04 | 1223 newbuf = sdscatlen(c->obuf,cmd,len); |
05 | 1224 if (newbuf == NULL) { |
06 | 1225 __redisSetError(c,REDIS_ERR_OOM, "Out of memory" ); |
07 | 1226 return REDIS_ERR; |
08 | 1227 } |
09 | 1228 |
10 | 1229 c->obuf = newbuf; |
11 | 1230 return REDIS_OK; |
12 | 1231 } |
问题出现了。
对于任意一个多线程,他传入的redisContext* c都是一个,那么他们也公用同一个c->obuf,这里很明显,线程数据是耦合的。
当一个线程调用sdsfree c->obuf,其他任意一个线程使用c->obuf都会导致出core. 这也是我所谓的hiredis对多线程支持的不好的地方。
3. 终极解决方案
那么,如果我一定要在多线程中通过hiredis客户端调用redis呢。有没有方案了,答案肯定是有,只不过性能稍差。
原先的做法是先获得hiredis连接句柄,然后把句柄传入到多线程中,让多线程使用。现在改成在线程里面连接获得hiredis句柄,然后再进行使用。当然,代价是对于每个请求,都需要去连接redis服务器,加大了网络开销的同时还加大了redis的请求。
redis是单线程异步模型,hiredis这个客户端看来也只支持单线程。希望后续有redis的相关程序猿来改进相应问题,在hiredis使用多线程需要慎重。