癫狂的思考

今天和黑藻同学研究了一个深奥的问题    概括的说应该叫“计算机生命”吧       我在网上查了些资料     看到这样一篇文章       不由惊叹     真是想到一块去了。。。

原文：

As with any technology, not all uses of AI will be for the better. The existence of “smart” programs that evolve and change on their own implies that “smart” viruses that evolve to avoid detection, are not far behind.

A virus is a self-replicating computer program that spreads itself into other programs, often without the knowledge or consent of the computer owner. Worms and Trojan horses are considered types of viruses. A worm is essentially a virus that does not need to be a part of another program to reproduce. A Trojan is a virus that requires the user to execute it, and it usually “disguises” itself as a legitimate program in order to accomplish this.

In May of 2005, a virus called Zellome was found to use genetic algorithms to decrypt data on a target computer. While there were easier, simpler ways to accomplish the same thing, the use of Artificial Intelligence in a computer virus opened a new proverbial can of worms—how can genetic algorithms be used in viruses?

To some extent, virus infections already exhibit processes similar to genetic algorithms. As people find ways to eliminate viruses, they weed out the weaker viruses and leave the stronger ones to continue. Variations of viruses are also similar to mutations, another factor in genetic algorithms. However, these minor “mutations” cannot change what the virus does, only what it looks like. An intelligent virus would need to be able change its functionality as well as its appearance.

Once this happens, virus checkers will need to evolve with the viruses. Most antivirus software tracks patterns in virus activity, so if the viruses are able to change what they do, the software will not be able to find them. As the viruses grow more lifelike, they could search for other viruses in the infected system with which they can swap code and create new offspring. These viruses would be fully autonomous—they could survive without human intervention and despite extermination attempts. These viruses would breed so they could spread quickly and do the most damage.

Some people will use the technology to create malicious programs—this is somewhat inevitable, because as long as technology exists, someone will want to use it for harm. As many of these exist, however, there will be more positive uses for them in the near and foreseeable future.

译文：

与某些技术一样，并非所有的人工智能都有益处。存在着一种可以独自进化的程序，这些被称作“聪明的”病毒进化自己以避免被发现，它离我们并不遥远。

病毒是一种可以自我复制的计算机程序，它常常在机主不知情的情况下把自己嵌入其他的程序。病毒一般分为蠕虫和木马两种类型。蠕虫是十足的病毒，它不需要借助其他的程序进行繁殖。木马则是需要用户执行它们的病毒，因此它们需要把自己装扮成合法的程序以达到目的。


在2005年五月，一种被称作zellome的病毒被发现用遗传算法破解目标计算机的数据。尽管这并不困难，可以用更简单的方法作同样的事情。但人工智能被用于计算机病毒仍值得人们深思——遗传算法怎能被用于病毒？

在某种程度上，计算机病毒的传播方式早就表现出了与遗传算法的某些相似之处。在人们设法消灭病毒之前，它们已经淘汰了较弱的病毒，而留下更强的病毒。病毒发生的变化类似突变，又一个遗传算法的特征。尽管如此，这些小型的“突变”并不能改变病毒的行为，而仅仅是它的外表。一个智能病毒应该可以把改变自己的功能做的跟改变外表一样好。

一旦此事发生，病毒检测程序需要与病毒一起演变。多数防病毒软件根据病毒的活动样本实施跟踪，如果病毒可以改变它的行为，它们将无法发现病毒。如果病毒像生物那样生长，它们将搜索被感染系统中的其他病毒，并与他们交换代码，然后繁殖全新的后代。这样的病毒将完全独立，它们完全不需要人的干涉，并可以在灭绝的打击下存活。这些病毒将会更快的繁殖，造成更大的损失。

一些人将利用这些技术，制造恶意的程序——这是无法回避的，因为任何技术一旦出炉，总免不了会被某些人用于邪恶目的。虽然如此，但是，在可以预见的未来，这些技术仍将更多的得到积极利用。