Spring Bean生命周期

废话不多说，直接上图

1. 生命周期流程图

Spring Bean的完整生命周期是从创建Spring容器开始，直到最终Spring容器销毁Bean，这其中包含了一系列关键点。

若容器注册了以上各种借口，那么程序将会按照以上流程运行。下边讲一下各接口的作用

2.各种接口方法分类

Bean的完整生命周期经历了各种方法调用，这些方法可以划分为以下几类：

1、Bean自身的方法　　：　　这个包括了Bean本身调用的方法和通过配置文件中的init-method和destroy-method指定的方法

2、Bean级生命周期接口方法　　：　　这个包括了BeanNameAware、BeanFactoryAware、InitializingBean和DiposableBean这些接口的方法

3、容器级生命周期接口方法　　：　　这个包括了InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor 和 BeanPostProcessor 这两个接口实现，一般称它们的实现类为“后处理器”。

4、工厂后处理器接口方法　　：　　这个包括了AspectJWeavingEnabler, ConfigurationClassPostProcessor, CustomAutowireConfigurer等等非常有用的工厂后处理器　　接口的方法。工厂后处理器也是容器级的。在应用上下文装配配置文件之后立即调用。

3.演示

我们用一个简单的Spring Bean来演示一下Spring Bean的生命周期。

1、首先是一个简单的Spring Bean，调用Bean自身的方法和Bean级生命周期接口方法，为了方便演示，它实现了BeanNameAware、BeanFactoryAware、InitializingBean和DiposableBean这4个接口，同时有2个方法，对应配置文件中的init-method和destroy-method。如下：

package com.stylefeng.guns.spring;

import org.springframework.beans.BeansException;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.*;

/** @author climb.s
 * @date 2018/10/22 16:07 */
public class Person implements BeanFactoryAware, BeanNameAware, InitializingBean, DisposableBean {
	private String		name;
	private String		address;
	private int			mobile;

	private BeanFactory	beanFactory;
	private String		beanName;

	public Person() {
		System.out.println("[构造器] 调用Person的构造器实例化");
	}

	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}

	public void setName(String name) {
		System.out.println("【注入属性】注入属性name");
		this.name = name;
	}

	public String getAddress() {
		return address;
	}

	public void setAddress(String address) {
		System.out.println("【注入属性】注入属性address");
		this.address = address;
	}

	public int getMobile() {
		return mobile;
	}

	public void setMobile(int mobile) {
		System.out.println("【注入属性】注入属性mobile");
		this.mobile = mobile;
	}

	@Override
	public String toString() {
		final StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer("Person{");
		sb.append("name='").append(name).append('\'');
		sb.append(", address='").append(address).append('\'');
		sb.append(", mobile=").append(mobile);
		sb.append('}');
		return sb.toString();
	}

	@Override
	public void setBeanFactory(BeanFactory beanFactory) throws BeansException {
		System.out.println("[BeanFactoryAware接口] 调用BeanFactoryAware.setBeanFactory()");
		this.beanFactory = beanFactory;
	}

	@Override
	public void setBeanName(String beanName) {
		System.out.println("【BeanNameAware接口】调用BeanNameAware.setBeanName()");
		this.beanName = beanName;
	}

	@Override
	public void destroy() throws Exception {
		System.out.println("【DiposibleBean接口】调用DiposibleBean.destory()");
	}

	@Override
	public void afterPropertiesSet() throws Exception {
		System.out.println("【InitializingBean接口】调用InitializingBean.afterPropertiesSet()");
	}

	public void init() {
		System.out.println("【init-method】调用<bean>的init-method属性指定的初始化方法");
	}

	public void destory() {
		System.out.println("【destroy-method】调用<bean>的destroy-method属性指定的初始化方法");
	}
}

2、接下来是演示BeanPostProcessor接口的方法，如下：

package com.stylefeng.guns.spring;

import org.springframework.beans.BeansException;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.config.BeanPostProcessor;

/** @author climb.s
 * @date 2018/10/22 16:15 */
public class WrapBeanPostProcessor implements BeanPostProcessor {
	public WrapBeanPostProcessor() {
		System.out.println("这是BeanPostProcessor实现类构造器！！");
	}

	@Override
	public Object postProcessBeforeInitialization(Object o,
												  String s) throws BeansException {
		System.out.println("BeanPostProcessor接口方法postProcessBeforeInitialization对属性进行更改！o = " + o + "s = " + s);
		return o;
	}

	@Override
	public Object postProcessAfterInitialization(Object o,
												 String s) throws BeansException {
        System.out.println("BeanPostProcessor接口方法postProcessAfterInitialization对属性进行更改！o = " + o + "s = " + s);
		return o;
	}
}

如上，BeanPostProcessor接口包括2个方法postProcessAfterInitialization和postProcessBeforeInitialization，这两个方法的第一个参数都是要处理的Bean对象，第二个参数都是Bean的name。返回值也都是要处理的Bean对象。这里要注意。

3、InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor 接口本质是BeanPostProcessor的子接口，一般我们继承Spring为其提供的适配器类InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor Adapter来使用它，如下：

package com.stylefeng.guns.spring;

import org.springframework.beans.BeansException;
import org.springframework.beans.PropertyValues;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.config.InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessorAdapter;

import java.beans.PropertyDescriptor;

/** @author climb.s
 * @date 2018/10/22 16:19 */
public class WrapInstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor extends InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessorAdapter {

	public WrapInstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor() {
		super();
		System.out.println("这是InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessorAdapter实现类构造器！！");
	}

	// 接口方法、实例化Bean之前调用
	@Override
	public Object postProcessBeforeInstantiation(Class beanClass,
												 String beanName) throws BeansException {
		System.out.println("InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor调用postProcessBeforeInstantiation方法. beanClass = " + beanClass + "beanName = " + beanName);
		return null;
	}

	// 接口方法、实例化Bean之后调用
	@Override
	public Object postProcessAfterInitialization(Object bean,
												 String beanName) throws BeansException {
		System.out.println("InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor调用postProcessAfterInitialization方法. bean = " + bean + "beanName = " + beanName);
		return bean;
	}

	// 接口方法、设置某个属性时调用
	@Override
	public PropertyValues postProcessPropertyValues(PropertyValues pvs,
													PropertyDescriptor[] pds,
													Object bean,
													String beanName) throws BeansException {
		System.out.println("InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor调用postProcessPropertyValues方法. bean = " + bean + "beanName = " + beanName);
		return pvs;
	}
}

这个有3个方法，其中第二个方法postProcessAfterInitialization就是重写了BeanPostProcessor的方法。第三个方法postProcessPropertyValues用来操作属性，返回值也应该是PropertyValues对象。

4、演示工厂后处理器接口方法，如下：

package com.stylefeng.guns.spring;

import org.springframework.beans.BeansException;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.config.BeanDefinition;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.config.BeanFactoryPostProcessor;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.config.ConfigurableListableBeanFactory;

/** @author climb.s
 * @date 2018/10/22 16:25 */
public class WrapBeanFactoryPostProcessor implements BeanFactoryPostProcessor {
	public WrapBeanFactoryPostProcessor() {
		System.out.println("这是BeanFactoryPostProcessor实现类构造器！！");
	}

	@Override
	public void
		   postProcessBeanFactory(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory configurableListableBeanFactory) throws BeansException {
		System.out.println("BeanFactoryPostProcessor调用postProcessBeanFactory方法");
		BeanDefinition bd = configurableListableBeanFactory.getBeanDefinition("person");
		bd.getPropertyValues().addPropertyValue("mobile", "110");
	}
}

5、配置文件如下beans.xml，很简单，使用ApplicationContext,处理器不用手动注册：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xsi:schemaLocation="
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd">

    <bean id="beanPostProcessor" class="com.stylefeng.guns.spring.WrapBeanPostProcessor">
    </bean>

    <bean id="instantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor"
          class="com.stylefeng.guns.spring.WrapInstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor">
    </bean>

    <bean id="beanFactoryPostProcessor" class="com.stylefeng.guns.spring.WrapBeanFactoryPostProcessor">
    </bean>

    <bean id="person" class="com.stylefeng.guns.spring.Person" init-method="init"
          destroy-method="destory" scope="singleton" p:name="张三" p:address="广州"
          p:mobile="1888888888"/>

</beans>

6、下面测试一下：

package com.stylefeng.guns.spring;

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

/** @author climb.s
 * @date 2018/10/22 16:33 */
public class BeanLifeCycle {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		System.out.println("现在开始初始化容器");

		ApplicationContext factory = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beans.xml");
		System.out.println("容器初始化成功");
		// 得到Preson，并使用
		Person person = factory.getBean("person", Person.class);
		System.out.println(person);

		System.out.println("现在开始关闭容器！");
		((ClassPathXmlApplicationContext) factory).registerShutdownHook();
	}
}

关闭容器使用的是实际是AbstractApplicationContext的钩子方法。

我们来看一下结果：

现在开始初始化容器
这是BeanFactoryPostProcessor实现类构造器！！
BeanFactoryPostProcessor调用postProcessBeanFactory方法
这是BeanPostProcessor实现类构造器！！
这是InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessorAdapter实现类构造器！！
InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor调用postProcessBeforeInstantiation方法. beanClass = class com.stylefeng.guns.spring.PersonbeanName = person
[构造器] 调用Person的构造器实例化
InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor调用postProcessPropertyValues方法. bean = Person{name='null', address='null', mobile=0}beanName = person
【注入属性】注入属性address
【注入属性】注入属性mobile
【注入属性】注入属性name
【BeanNameAware接口】调用BeanNameAware.setBeanName()
[BeanFactoryAware接口] 调用BeanFactoryAware.setBeanFactory()
BeanPostProcessor接口方法postProcessBeforeInitialization对属性进行更改！o = Person{name='张三', address='广州', mobile=110}s = person
【InitializingBean接口】调用InitializingBean.afterPropertiesSet()
【init-method】调用<bean>的init-method属性指定的初始化方法
BeanPostProcessor接口方法postProcessAfterInitialization对属性进行更改！o = Person{name='张三', address='广州', mobile=110}s = person
InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor调用postProcessAfterInitialization方法. bean = Person{name='张三', address='广州', mobile=110}beanName = person
容器初始化成功
16:51:07.968 [main] DEBUG org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory - Returning cached instance of singleton bean 'person'
Person{name='张三', address='广州', mobile=110}
现在开始关闭容器！
【DiposibleBean接口】调用DiposibleBean.destory()
【destroy-method】调用<bean>的destroy-method属性指定的初始化方法