项目测试 | Pycharm+Pyqt5+Qt Designer6+Eric7实现逻辑与界面分离

主要问题

本实例主要解决的问题：Qt Designer设计完UI文件，逻辑代码继承编译后的UI类无法实现窗体控件随主窗体大小变化而缩放。

测试目标

1. 用Eric创建epj文件：test.epj

• UI文件，test.ui
• 编译后的UI文件，Ui_test.py
• 生成装饰器槽函数，test.py
• 编译resource.qrc

2. Qt Designer设计UI窗体和资源文件

• test.ui
• resource.qrc
  • img:jpg,png,ico
  • qss

3. 用Pycharm管理Python项目文件并运行测试；

文档结构

• test.ui,               Qt Designer完成设计
• Ui_test.py，      Eric完成编译
• test.py，           Eric完成生成装饰器槽函数文件
• resource.qrc， Qt Designer完成设计
• style.qss，       可以用QSS Editor

---

代码部分

1. Qt Designer设计test.ui和resource.qrc

 2. Eric完成编译后生成Ui_test.py, 代码文件代码如下

# Form implementation generated from reading ui file 'D:\Python Project\Eric Projects\test.ui'
#
# Created by: PyQt6 UI code generator 6.2.2
#
# WARNING: Any manual changes made to this file will be lost when pyuic6 is
# run again.  Do not edit this file unless you know what you are doing.


from PyQt6 import QtCore, QtGui, QtWidgets


class Ui_MainWindow(object):
    def setupUi(self, MainWindow):
        MainWindow.setObjectName("MainWindow")
        MainWindow.resize(800, 632)
        icon = QtGui.QIcon()
        icon.addPixmap(QtGui.QPixmap("./img/test.png"), QtGui.QIcon.Mode.Normal, QtGui.QIcon.State.Off)
        MainWindow.setWindowIcon(icon)
        self.centralWidget = QtWidgets.QWidget(MainWindow)
        self.centralWidget.setObjectName("centralWidget")
        self.verticalLayoutWidget = QtWidgets.QWidget(self.centralWidget)
        self.verticalLayoutWidget.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(0, 0, 801, 601))
        self.verticalLayoutWidget.setObjectName("verticalLayoutWidget")
        self.verticalLayout = QtWidgets.QVBoxLayout(self.verticalLayoutWidget)
        self.verticalLayout.setContentsMargins(0, 0, 0, 0)
        self.verticalLayout.setObjectName("verticalLayout")
        self.txtB = QtWidgets.QTextBrowser(self.verticalLayoutWidget)
        self.txtB.setStyleSheet("")
        self.txtB.setObjectName("txtB")
        self.verticalLayout.addWidget(self.txtB)
        self.horizontalLayout_2 = QtWidgets.QHBoxLayout()
        self.horizontalLayout_2.setObjectName("horizontalLayout_2")
        self.toolButton_4 = QtWidgets.QToolButton(self.verticalLayoutWidget)
        icon1 = QtGui.QIcon()
        icon1.addPixmap(QtGui.QPixmap("./img/a1.jpg"), QtGui.QIcon.Mode.Normal, QtGui.QIcon.State.Off)
        self.toolButton_4.setIcon(icon1)
        self.toolButton_4.setIconSize(QtCore.QSize(120, 120))
        self.toolButton_4.setObjectName("toolButton_4")
        self.horizontalLayout_2.addWidget(self.toolButton_4)
        self.toolButton_3 = QtWidgets.QToolButton(self.verticalLayoutWidget)
        icon2 = QtGui.QIcon()
        icon2.addPixmap(QtGui.QPixmap("./img/a2.jpg"), QtGui.QIcon.Mode.Normal, QtGui.QIcon.State.Off)
        self.toolButton_3.setIcon(icon2)
        self.toolButton_3.setIconSize(QtCore.QSize(120, 120))
        self.toolButton_3.setObjectName("toolButton_3")
        self.horizontalLayout_2.addWidget(self.toolButton_3)
        self.toolButton_2 = QtWidgets.QToolButton(self.verticalLayoutWidget)
        icon3 = QtGui.QIcon()
        icon3.addPixmap(QtGui.QPixmap("./img/a3.jpg"), QtGui.QIcon.Mode.Normal, QtGui.QIcon.State.Off)
        self.toolButton_2.setIcon(icon3)
        self.toolButton_2.setIconSize(QtCore.QSize(120, 120))
        self.toolButton_2.setObjectName("toolButton_2")
        self.horizontalLayout_2.addWidget(self.toolButton_2)
        self.toolButton = QtWidgets.QToolButton(self.verticalLayoutWidget)
        icon4 = QtGui.QIcon()
        icon4.addPixmap(QtGui.QPixmap("./img/a4.jpg"), QtGui.QIcon.Mode.Normal, QtGui.QIcon.State.Off)
        self.toolButton.setIcon(icon4)
        self.toolButton.setIconSize(QtCore.QSize(120, 120))
        self.toolButton.setObjectName("toolButton")
        self.horizontalLayout_2.addWidget(self.toolButton)
        self.verticalLayout.addLayout(self.horizontalLayout_2)
        self.horizontalLayout = QtWidgets.QHBoxLayout()
        self.horizontalLayout.setObjectName("horizontalLayout")
        spacerItem = QtWidgets.QSpacerItem(40, 20, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Policy.Expanding, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Policy.Minimum)
        self.horizontalLayout.addItem(spacerItem)
        self.btn1 = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.verticalLayoutWidget)
        icon5 = QtGui.QIcon()
        icon5.addPixmap(QtGui.QPixmap("./img/start.ico"), QtGui.QIcon.Mode.Normal, QtGui.QIcon.State.Off)
        self.btn1.setIcon(icon5)
        self.btn1.setIconSize(QtCore.QSize(32, 32))
        self.btn1.setObjectName("btn1")
        self.horizontalLayout.addWidget(self.btn1)
        spacerItem1 = QtWidgets.QSpacerItem(40, 20, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Policy.Expanding, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Policy.Minimum)
        self.horizontalLayout.addItem(spacerItem1)
        self.btn2 = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.verticalLayoutWidget)
        icon6 = QtGui.QIcon()
        icon6.addPixmap(QtGui.QPixmap("./img/stop.ico"), QtGui.QIcon.Mode.Normal, QtGui.QIcon.State.Off)
        self.btn2.setIcon(icon6)
        self.btn2.setIconSize(QtCore.QSize(32, 32))
        self.btn2.setObjectName("btn2")
        self.horizontalLayout.addWidget(self.btn2)
        spacerItem2 = QtWidgets.QSpacerItem(40, 20, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Policy.Expanding, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Policy.Minimum)
        self.horizontalLayout.addItem(spacerItem2)
        self.verticalLayout.addLayout(self.horizontalLayout)
        MainWindow.setCentralWidget(self.centralWidget)

        self.retranslateUi(MainWindow)
        QtCore.QMetaObject.connectSlotsByName(MainWindow)

    def retranslateUi(self, MainWindow):
        _translate = QtCore.QCoreApplication.translate
        MainWindow.setWindowTitle(_translate("MainWindow", "testWin"))
        self.toolButton_4.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "PIC1"))
        self.toolButton_3.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "PIC2"))
        self.toolButton_2.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "PIC3"))
        self.toolButton.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "PIC4"))
        self.btn1.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "开始"))
        self.btn2.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "停止"))


if __name__ == "__main__":
    import sys
    app = QtWidgets.QApplication(sys.argv)
    MainWindow = QtWidgets.QMainWindow()
    ui = Ui_MainWindow()
    ui.setupUi(MainWindow)
    MainWindow.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec())

3. Eric生成独立的逻辑文件test.py（生成第一次可以自定义，之后不要再重新生成同样名字否则会覆盖自定义代码），代码如下：

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

"""
Module implementing MainWindow.
"""

from PyQt6.QtCore import pyqtSlot
from PyQt6.QtWidgets import QMainWindow, QApplication

from Ui_test import Ui_MainWindow


class MainWindow(QMainWindow, Ui_MainWindow):
    """
    Class documentation goes here.
    """

    def __init__(self, parent=None):
        """
        Constructor
        
        @param parent reference to the parent widget (defaults to None)
        @type QWidget (optional)
        """
        super().__init__(parent)
        self.setupUi(self)

    @pyqtSlot()
    def on_btn1_clicked(self):
        """
        Slot documentation goes here.
        """
        # TODO: not implemented yet
        print('you clicked btn1')
        self.txtB.setText('you clicked btn1.')

    @pyqtSlot()
    def on_btn2_clicked(self):
        """
        Slot documentation goes here.
        """
        # TODO: not implemented yet
        print('you clicked btn2')
        self.txtB.setText('you clicked btn2.')
    
    @pyqtSlot()
    def on_toolButton_4_clicked(self):
        """
        Slot documentation goes here.
        """
        # TODO: not implemented yet
        print('you clicked tbtn4')
        self.txtB.setText('you clicked tbtn4.')
    
    @pyqtSlot()
    def on_toolButton_3_clicked(self):
        """
        Slot documentation goes here.
        """
        # TODO: not implemented yet
        print('you clicked tbtn3')
        self.txtB.setText('you clicked tbtn3.')
    
    @pyqtSlot()
    def on_toolButton_2_clicked(self):
        """
        Slot documentation goes here.
        """
        # TODO: not implemented yet
        print('you clicked tbtn2')
        self.txtB.setText('you clicked tbtn2.')
    
    @pyqtSlot()
    def on_toolButton_clicked(self):
        """
        Slot documentation goes here.
        """
        # TODO: not implemented yet
        print('you clicked tbtn1')
        self.txtB.setText('you clicked tbtn1.')


class CommonHelper:    # 手动编写
    """
    using for common module
    用于加载qss文件
    """

    def __init__(self):
        pass

    @staticmethod
    def readQss(style):
        """
        read style.qss file
        """
        with open(style, 'r') as f:
            return f.read()


if __name__ == "__main__":
    import sys

    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    styleFile = './qss/test.qss'
    qssStyle = CommonHelper.readQss(styleFile)

    ui = MainWindow()

    ui.centralWidget.setLayout(ui.verticalLayout)    # 将主窗体设置为垂直布局，随窗体变化
    
    ui.setStyleSheet(qssStyle)
    ui.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec())

"""    
    以下代码直接实例化Ui_test.py模块中的Ui_MainWindow，用于测试布局随窗体大小变化自动变化
    mainWindow = QMainWindow()
    ui = Ui_MainWindow()
    ui.setupUi(mainWindow)

    # 核心代码部分
    ui.centralWidget.setLayout(ui.verticalLayout)    # 将主窗体设置为垂直布局，随窗体变化
    mainWindow.setCentralWidget(ui.centralWidget)    

    mainWindow.setStyleSheet(qssStyle)
    mainWindow.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec())
"""

核心代码，添加后可以实现控件随主窗体大小变化完成自动缩放。

ui.centralWidget.setLayout(ui.verticalLayout)    # 将主窗体设置为垂直布局，随窗体变化

未添加代码

添加代码后