table pk

测试一
10:44:13 SQL> select * from test;
A
--
1
1
2
Executed in 0.063 seconds
  
10:44:46 SQL> alter table test add constraint pk_a primary key(a);
alter table test add constraint pk_a primary key(a)
ORA-02437: cannot validate (SYS.PK_A) - primary key violated

10:45:02 SQL> alter table test add constraint pk_a primary key(a) novalidate;
alter table test add constraint pk_a primary key(a) novalidate
ORA-02437: cannot validate (SYS.PK_A) - primary key violated

10:45:23 SQL> create index idx_a on test(a);
Index created
Executed in 0.078 seconds

10:45:54 SQL> alter table test add constraint pk_a primary key(a) ;
Table altered
Executed in 0.109 seconds

10:45:57 SQL> select index_name,uniqueness from dba_indexes where table_nAME='TEST'
           2   ;
INDEX_NAME                     UNIQUENESS
------------------------------ ----------
IDX_A                           NONUNIQUE
Executed in 0.172 seconds

10:46:01 SQL> insert into test values(1);
insert into test values(1)
ORA-00001: unique constraint (SYS.PK_A) violated

（1）原表test的a字段有重复的列，直接novalidate建主键 不可以

（2）先建普通索引idx_a，然后在上面使用novalidate建主 键，成功
（3）索引状态为NONUNIQUE索引，但是仍然具有unique约束
＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝
测试2
11:02:25 SQL> select * from t2;
A
--
1
Executed in 0.032 seconds

11:04:38 SQL> create index idx_t2_a on t2(a);
Index created
Executed in 0.078 seconds


11:05:12 SQL> alter table t2 add constraint pk_t2 primary key(a);
Table altered
Executed in 0.25 seconds

11:05:20 SQL> select index_name,uniqueness from dba_indexes where table_nAME='T2'
           2   ;
INDEX_NAME                     UNIQUENESS
------------------------------ ----------
IDX_T2_A                       NONUNIQUE
Executed in 0.188 seconds

11:12:35 SQL> insert into t2 values(1);
insert into t2 values(1)
ORA-00001: unique constraint (SYS.PK_T2) violated

（1）原表t2的a字段无重复的列
（2）先建普通索引idx_t2_a，然后在上面直接建主键，成功
（3）索引状态为NONUNIQUE索引，但是仍然具有unique约束

＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝
11:15:50 SQL> create table t3(a number(1));
Table created
Executed in 0.125 seconds

11:31:45 SQL> alter table t3 add constraint pk_t3 primary key(a) ;
Table altered
Executed in 0.079 seconds

11:32:17 SQL>   select index_name,uniqueness from dba_indexes where table_nAME='T3';
INDEX_NAME                     UNIQUENESS
------------------------------ ----------
PK_T3                           UNIQUE
Executed in 0.172 seconds

   直接建主键的情况
＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝
结论：novalidate选项只避免校验unique约束，但是直接建主键如果无索引，会去尝试创建 unique索引，所以失败；先创建普通索引之后，novalidate选项避免校验了unique约束，但是因为有索引，无需去创建unique索引， 所以创建成功；
       oracle创建主键两个步骤：建pk，建索引。没有索引，会建一个unique索引；有索引，只创建PK。但是没有unique索引但有Pk的字段仍有 unique约束。