cobbler安装

cobbler自动化安装操作系统

1 安装cobbler等依赖服务

yum install -y epel-release
yum install cobbler cobbler-web dhcp tftp-server pykickstart httpd rsync xinetd net-tools -y 

2. 启动httpd和cobbler服务，并开机自启

systemctl start httpd && systemctl enable httpd
systemctl start cobblerd && systemctl enable cobblerd

**3. **firewall和selinux关闭并且重启系统

systemctl stop firewalld && systemctl disable firewalld
sed -i "s/SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/g" /etc/sysconfig/selinux
reboot

4. 进行check

cobbler check
The following are potential configuration items that you may want to fix:

1 : The 'server' field in /etc/cobbler/settings must be set to something other than localhost, or kickstarting features will not work.  This should be a resolvable hostname or IP for the boot server as reachable by all machines that will use it.
2 : For PXE to be functional, the 'next_server' field in /etc/cobbler/settings must be set to something other than 127.0.0.1, and should match the IP of the boot server on the PXE network.
3 : SELinux is enabled. Please review the following wiki page for details on ensuring cobbler works correctly in your SELinux environment:
    https://github.com/cobbler/cobbler/wiki/Selinux
4 : change 'disable' to 'no' in /etc/xinetd.d/tftp
5 : Some network boot-loaders are missing from /var/lib/cobbler/loaders, you may run 'cobbler get-loaders' to download them, or, if you only want to handle x86/x86_64 netbooting, you may ensure that you have installed a *recent* version of the syslinux package installed and can ignore this message entirely.  Files in this directory, should you want to support all architectures, should include pxelinux.0, menu.c32, elilo.efi, and yaboot. The 'cobbler get-loaders' command is the easiest way to resolve these requirements.
6 : enable and start rsyncd.service with systemctl
7 : debmirror package is not installed, it will be required to manage debian deployments and repositories
8 : The default password used by the sample templates for newly installed machines (default_password_crypted in /etc/cobbler/settings) is still set to 'cobbler' and should be changed, try: "openssl passwd -1 -salt 'random-phrase-here' 'your-password-here'" to generate new one
9 : fencing tools were not found, and are required to use the (optional) power management features. install cman or fence-agents to use them

Restart cobblerd and then run 'cobbler sync' to apply changes.

5.修改/etc/cobbler/settings文件

1 vi /etc/cobbler/settings 
#将272行改为 next_server: 192.168.134.132（你的ip地址）
#将384行改为 server: 192.168.134.132
2vim /etc/xinetd.d/tftp
 #将disable改为no
  systemctl start tftp xinetd.service && systemctl enable tftp xinetd.service
3 cobbler get-loaders
4 systemctl start rsyncd && systemctl enable rsyncd

cobbler get-loaders显示以下log

task started: 2021-05-03_163309_get_loaders
task started (id=Download Bootloader Content, time=Mon May  3 16:33:09 2021)
downloading https://cobbler.github.io/loaders/README to /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/README
downloading https://cobbler.github.io/loaders/COPYING.elilo to /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/COPYING.elilo
downloading https://cobbler.github.io/loaders/COPYING.yaboot to /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/COPYING.yaboot
downloading https://cobbler.github.io/loaders/COPYING.syslinux to /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/COPYING.syslinux
downloading https://cobbler.github.io/loaders/elilo-3.8-ia64.efi to /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/elilo-ia64.efi
downloading https://cobbler.github.io/loaders/yaboot-1.3.17 to /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/yaboot
downloading https://cobbler.github.io/loaders/pxelinux.0-3.86 to /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/pxelinux.0
downloading https://cobbler.github.io/loaders/menu.c32-3.86 to /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/menu.c32
downloading https://cobbler.github.io/loaders/grub-0.97-x86.efi to /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/grub-x86.efi
downloading https://cobbler.github.io/loaders/grub-0.97-x86_64.efi to /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/grub-x86_64.efi

6.使用openssl对密码加密

1 openssl passwd -1 -salt 'root' '123456' #前面的root为掩码，后面的为密码，可随意设置.
  $1$root$j0bp.KLPyr.u9kgQ428D10
2 vi /etc/cobbler/settings #将刚才的密码替换文档中101中的密码，然后修改242行，将manage_dncp改为1

7.修改/etc/cobbler/dhcp.template，执行cobbler sync

vi /etc/cobbler/dhcp.template
subnet 192.168.3.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {   ------地址段
     option routers             192.168.3.1;  ------网关
     option domain-name-servers 192.168.3.1;  ------DNS服务器
     option subnet-mask         255.255.255.0;
     range dynamic-bootp        192.168.3.200 192.168.3.210; -------分配范围
     default-lease-time         21600;
     max-lease-time             43200;
     next-server                $next_server;
     class "pxeclients" {
          match if substring (option vendor-class-identifier, 0, 9) = "PXEClient";
          if option pxe-system-type = 00:02 {
                  filename "ia64/elilo.efi";
          } else if option pxe-system-type = 00:06 {
                  filename "grub/grub-x86.efi";
          } else if option pxe-system-type = 00:07 {
                  filename "grub/grub-x86_64.efi";
          } else if option pxe-system-type = 00:09 {
                  filename "grub/grub-x86_64.efi";
          } else {
                  filename "pxelinux.0";
          }
     }

}

重启服务

systemctl restart cobblerd
cobbler check
cobbler sync


提示以下：
task started: 2021-05-03_164228_sync
task started (id=Sync, time=Mon May  3 16:42:28 2021)
running pre-sync triggers
cleaning trees
removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/images
copying bootloaders
trying hardlink /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/pxelinux.0 -> /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.0
trying hardlink /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/menu.c32 -> /var/lib/tftpboot/menu.c32
trying hardlink /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/yaboot -> /var/lib/tftpboot/yaboot
trying hardlink /usr/share/syslinux/memdisk -> /var/lib/tftpboot/memdisk
trying hardlink /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/grub-x86.efi -> /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/grub-x86.efi
trying hardlink /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/grub-x86_64.efi -> /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/grub-x86_64.efi
copying distros to tftpboot
copying images
generating PXE configuration files
generating PXE menu structure
rendering DHCP files
generating /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
rendering TFTPD files
generating /etc/xinetd.d/tftp
cleaning link caches
running post-sync triggers
running python triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/sync/post/*
running python trigger cobbler.modules.sync_post_restart_services
running: dhcpd -t -q
received on stdout: 
received on stderr: 
running: service dhcpd restart
received on stdout: 
received on stderr: Redirecting to /bin/systemctl restart dhcpd.service

running shell triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/sync/post/*
running python triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/change/*
running python trigger cobbler.modules.manage_genders
running python trigger cobbler.modules.scm_track
running shell triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/change/*
*** TASK COMPLETE ***

导入镜像并挂载：

cobbler import --path=/mnt --name=centos7.5 --arch=x86_64

提示以下内容：

task started: 2021-05-22_081034_import
task started (id=Media import, time=Sat May 22 08:10:34 2021)
Found a candidate signature: breed=redhat, version=rhel6
Found a candidate signature: breed=redhat, version=rhel7
Found a matching signature: breed=redhat, version=rhel7
Adding distros from path /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos7.5-x86_64:
creating new distro: centos7.5-x86_64
trying symlink: /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos7.5-x86_64 -> /var/www/cobbler/links/centos7.5-x86_64
creating new profile: centos7.5-x86_64
associating repos
checking for rsync repo(s)
checking for rhn repo(s)
checking for yum repo(s)
starting descent into /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos7.5-x86_64 for centos7.5-x86_64
processing repo at : /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos7.5-x86_64
need to process repo/comps: /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos7.5-x86_64
looking for /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos7.5-x86_64/repodata/*comps*.xml
Keeping repodata as-is :/var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos7.5-x86_64/repodata
*** TASK COMPLETE ***

cobbler list
distros:
   centos7.5-x86_64

profiles:
   centos7.5-x86_64

systems:

repos:

images:

mgmtclasses:

packages:

files:

同步：

cobbler sync

提示以下：

task started: 2021-05-22_081327_sync
task started (id=Sync, time=Sat May 22 08:13:27 2021)
running pre-sync triggers
cleaning trees
removing: /var/www/cobbler/images/centos7.5-x86_64
removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default
removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/images
removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/grub-x86_64.efi
removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/grub-x86.efi
removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/efidefault
removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/images/centos7.5-x86_64
removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/s390x/profile_list
copying bootloaders
trying hardlink /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/grub-x86_64.efi -> /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/grub-x86_64.efi
trying hardlink /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/grub-x86.efi -> /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/grub-x86.efi
copying distros to tftpboot
copying files for distro: centos7.5-x86_64
trying hardlink /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos7.5-x86_64/images/pxeboot/vmlinuz -> /var/lib/tftpboot/images/centos7.5-x86_64/vmlinuz
trying hardlink /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos7.5-x86_64/images/pxeboot/initrd.img -> /var/lib/tftpboot/images/centos7.5-x86_64/initrd.img
copying images
generating PXE configuration files
generating PXE menu structure
copying files for distro: centos7.5-x86_64
trying hardlink /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos7.5-x86_64/images/pxeboot/vmlinuz -> /var/www/cobbler/images/centos7.5-x86_64/vmlinuz
trying hardlink /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos7.5-x86_64/images/pxeboot/initrd.img -> /var/www/cobbler/images/centos7.5-x86_64/initrd.img
Writing template files for centos7.5-x86_64
rendering DHCP files
generating /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
rendering TFTPD files
generating /etc/xinetd.d/tftp
processing boot_files for distro: centos7.5-x86_64
cleaning link caches
running post-sync triggers
running python triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/sync/post/*
running python trigger cobbler.modules.sync_post_restart_services
running: dhcpd -t -q
received on stdout: 
received on stderr: 
running: service dhcpd restart
received on stdout: 
received on stderr: Redirecting to /bin/systemctl restart dhcpd.service

running shell triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/sync/post/*
running python triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/change/*
running python trigger cobbler.modules.manage_genders
running python trigger cobbler.modules.scm_track
running shell triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/change/*
*** TASK COMPLETE ***

1  ip add
    2  poweroff
    3  ip add
    4  ip add
    5  cd /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/
    6  ls -ls
    7  mv ifcfg-ens3 ifcfg-eth0
    8  vi ifcfg-eth0
    9  vi /etc/default/grub 
   10  grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/grub2/grub.cfg
   11  reboot
   12  ip add
   13  poweroff
   14  hostnamectl set-hostname pxe
   15  exit
   16  yum install -y epel-release
   17  yum install httpd dhcp tftp-server cobbler cobbler-web pykickstart rsync xinetd net-tools -y 
   18  systemctl start httpd && systemctl enable httpd
   19  systemctl start cobblerd && systemctl enable cobblerd
   20  systemctl stop firewalld && systemctl disable firewalld
   21  systemctl status firewalld
   22  vi /etc/selinux/config
   23  reboot
   24  ip add
   25  getenforce 
   26  cobbler check
   27  vi /etc/cobbler/settings
   28  vi /etc/xinetd.d/tftp
   29  systemctl start tftp xinetd.service && systemctl enable tftp xinetd.service
   30  systemctl start rsyncd
   31  systemctl enable rsyncd
   32  cobbler get-loaders
   33  getenforce 
   34  openssl passwd -1 -salt 'root'  '123456'
   35  vi /etc/cobbler/settings
   36  vi /etc/cobbler/dhcp.template
   37  systemctl restart cobblerd
   38  cobbler sync
   39  cobbler check
   40  mount /dev/cdrom /mnt
   41  cobbler import --path=/mnt --name=centos7.5 --arch=x86_64
   42  mount /dev/cdrom /mnt
   43  lsblk 
   44  cd /mnt
   45  ls
   46  cd ..
   47  cobbler import --path=/mnt --name=centos7.5 --arch=x86_64
   48  cobbler list
   49  umount /mnt
   50  mount /dev/sr0 /mnt
   51  cobbler import --path=/mnt --name=centos7.5.1 --arch=x86_64
   52  cobbler list
   53  cobbler --help
   54  cobbler remove --help
   55  cobbler remove centos7.5-x86_64
   56  cobbler remove centos7.5
   57  cobbler distros remove centos7.5
   58  cobbler distros remove --help
   59  cobbler distro --help
   60  cobbler distro remove --help
   61  cobbler distro remove --name=centos7.5
   62  cobbler distro remove --name=centos7.5-x86_64
   63  cobbler list
   64  cobbler distro remove --name=centos7.5-x86_64
   65  cobbler distro remove --name=centos7.5
   66  cobbler distro remove --name=centos7.5  --arch=x86_64
   67  cobbler distro remove --name=centos7.5
   68  cobbler distro remove --name=centos7.5-x86_64
   69  cobbler profile --help
   70  cobbler profile remove --help
   71  cobbler profile remove --name=centos7.5
   72  cobbler profile remove --name=centos7.5-x86_64
   73  cobbler list
   74  cobbler distro remove --name=centos7.5-x86_64
   75  cobbler list
   76  history 
   77  cobbler sync
   78  systemctl list-units
   79  cobbler sync
   80  systemctl status httpd
   81  systemctl status firewalld
   82  ip add
   83  history | grep cor
   84  history | grep cob
   85  systemctl stauts cobbler
   86  systemctl stauts cobblerd
   87  systemctl status cobblerd
   88  systemctl restart cobblerd
   89  systemctl status cobblerd
   90  poweroff
   91  history