Nginx是一款非常优秀的基于event的web服务器,吞吐量大,占用资源少,不过文档就很让人郁闷了,免费的Nginx和收费的Nginx+的文档共用一份,配置完之后才发现免费的Nginx启动某些命令失败。。。。。。非常伤感。
在我们的系统中,一直使用httpd做前端的7层负载均衡,最近想转换到Nginx,学习了下怎么配置,留作纪念,另外nginx的配置需要操作系统参数(linux)也做一些优化才能达到更好的效果
1.设置server locationcopy
- location / {
- proxy_pass http://appservers/;
- #health_check interval=10 fails=3 passes=2; match=server_ok;
- }
2. 设置appservers对应的服务器,服务器地址,尝试次数,尝试时间间隔,负载算法
ip_hash来代替默认的rr方式,即可以将某客户端IP的请求通过哈希算法定位到同一台后端web服务器上,这样避免了session丢失,解决了session问题
设定Nginx与服务器通信的尝试失败的次数。在fail_timeout
参数定义的时间段内,如果失败的次数达到此值,Nginx就认为服务器不可用。在下一个fail_timeout
时间段,服务器不会再被尝试
- <strong>upstream appservers {
- ip_hash # for session persistence</strong>
- #least_conn default: round-robin
- #zone appservers 64k; nginx plus function
- <strong>server localhost:8080 max_fails=1 fail_timeout=30s;</strong>
- # nginx plus function route=node1;
- <strong>server localhost:9090 max_fails=1 fail_timeout=30s;</strong>
- # nginx plus function route=node2;
- #sticky route $route_cookie $route_uri;
- <strong> }</strong>
3. 性能调优参数 (以后补充)
nginx.conf配置
user nginx nginx;
worker_processes 4; # == cpu core number, total nginx process: one master + all workers
#error_log logs/error.log;
#error_log logs/error.log notice;
#error_log logs/error.log info;
#pid logs/nginx.pid;
#http://nginx.org/en/docs/ngx_core_module.html#worker_connections
events {
worker_connections 1024; # need to check os limitation here
}
http {
#include mime.types;
#default_type application/octet-stream;
#log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
# '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
# '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
#access_log logs/access.log main;
access_log off;
#sendfile on;
#tcp_nopush on;
#timeout
#client_body_timeout 12;
#client_header_timeout 12;
#send_timeout 10;
#keepalive_timeout 0;
keepalive_timeout 65;
gzip on;
gzip_comp_level 2;
gzip_min_length 1000;
gzip_proxied expired no-cache no-store private auth;
gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/xml text/css application/xml;
# 防止cache不足频繁读写文件,header cache一般不会大于1k,最小设置系统分页大小(<span style="font-family: 'Lucida Grande', Verdana, Lucida, Helvetica, Arial, sans-
serif; font-size: 13px; text-align: justify;">getconf PAGESIZE</span>)
client_body_buffer_size 10K;
client_header_buffer_size 4k;
client_max_body_size 8m;
large_client_header_buffers 2 4k;
#http://nginx.com/resources/admin-guide/load-balancer/
#http://nginx.org/en/docs/http/ngx_http_upstream_module.html#upstream_conf
upstream appservers {
ip_hash; # for session persistence
#least_conn default: round-robin
#zone appservers 64k; nginx plus function
server localhost:8080 max_fails=3 fail_timeout=30s;
# nginx plus function route=node1;
server localhost:9090 max_fails=3 fail_timeout=30s;
# nginx plus function route=node2;
#sticky route $route_cookie $route_uri;
}
#map $cookie_jsessionid $route_cookie {
# ~.+\.(?P<route>\w+)$ $route;
#}
#map $request_uri $route_uri {
# ~jsessionid=.+\.(?P<route>\w+)$ $route;
#}
#match server_ok {
# status 200-399;
# body !~ "maintenance mode";
#}
server {
location / {
proxy_pass http://appservers/;
#health_check interval=10 fails=3 passes=2; match=server_ok;
}
# Location for configuration requests
#location /upstream_conf {
# upstream_conf;
# allow 127.0.0.1;
# deny all;
#}
listen 80;
server_name localhost;
charset UTF-8;
#access_log logs/host.access.log main;
#location / {
# root html;
# index index.html index.htm;
#}
#error_page 404 /404.html;
# redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
#
#error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
#location = /50x.html {
# root html;
#}
# proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
#
#location ~ \.php$ {
# proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1;
#}
# pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
#
#location ~ \.php$ {
# root html;
# fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
# fastcgi_index index.php;
# fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
# include fastcgi_params;
#}
# deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
# concurs with nginx's one
#
#location ~ /\.ht {
# deny all;
#}
}
# another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration
#
#server {
# listen 8000;
# listen somename:8080;
# server_name somename alias another.alias;
# location / {
# root html;
# index index.html index.htm;
# }
#}
# HTTPS server
#
#server {
# listen 443 ssl;
# server_name localhost;
# ssl_certificate cert.pem;
# ssl_certificate_key cert.key;
# ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:1m;
# ssl_session_timeout 5m;
# ssl_ciphers HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
# ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
# location / {
# root html;
# index index.html index.htm;
# }
#}
}
PS: Nginx和Httpd都是非常优秀的Web服务器,两者的比较可以看 Apache_vs_nginx