一、概述
1、ApacheCXF项目是由ObjectWeb Celtix和CodeHaus XFire合并成立。ObjectWeb Celtix是
由IONA公司赞助,于2005年成立的开源Java ESB产品,XFire则是业界知名的SOAP堆栈。
合并后的ApacheCXF融合该两个开源项目的功能精华,提供了实现SOA所需要的核心ESB功能框架,
包括SOA服务创建,服务路由,及一系列企业级QoS功能。
2.支持标准
(1)JAX-WS, JSR-181, SAAJ, JAX-RS
(2)SOAP 1.1, 1.2, WS-I BasicProfile, WS-Security, WS-Addressing, WS-RM, WS-Policy
(3)WSDL 1.1
(4)MTOM
3.传输方式,绑定,数据绑定,传送数据格式
(1)绑定: SOAP, REST/HTTP
(2)数据绑定: JAXB 2.x, Aegis, XMLBeans, SDO
(3)传送数据格式: XML, JSON, FastInfoset
(4)传输方式: HTTP, Servlet, JMS
二、基于SOAP发布webservice
(1)pom.xml文件中导入CXF相关包
<dependency> <groupId>org.apache.cxf</groupId> <artifactId>cxf-rt-core</artifactId> <version>2.6.2</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.cxf</groupId> <artifactId>cxf-rt-frontend-jaxws</artifactId> <version>2.6.2</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.cxf</groupId> <artifactId>cxf-rt-transports-http</artifactId> <version>2.6.2</version> </dependency>
(2)web.xml文件中配置
<servlet> <servlet-name>CXFServlet</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.apache.cxf.transport.servlet.CXFServlet</servlet-class> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>CXFServlet</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/cxf/*</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping>
(3)创建webService接口UserService
package com.icsshs.dmis.webservice.soap;
import javax.jws.WebParam;
import javax.jws.WebService;
import com.icsshs.dmis.webservice.soap.response.UserDTO;
/**
* JAX-WS2.0的WebService接口定义类 *
* 使用JAX-WS2.0 annotation设置WSDL中的定义.
* 使用WSResult及其子类包裹返回结果.
* 使用DTO传输对象隔绝系统内部领域对象的修改对外系统的影响.
*
*/
//name 指明wsdl中<wsdl:portType>元素的名称
@WebService(name = "UserService", targetNamespace = WsConstants.NS)
public interface UserService {
//@WebService是必须的;@WebParam不是必须的。
//如果没有@WebParam的描述,在wsdl文件内描述的方法中,参数名将变为arg0,arg1…以此类推.
public String getUserName(@WebParam(name = "userId")String userId);
public UserDTO getUser(@WebParam(name = "userId")String userId);
}
UserService接口实现类:
package com.icsshs.dmis.webservice.soap;
import javax.jws.WebService;
import com.icsshs.dmis.webservice.soap.response.UserDTO;
/**
* WebService服务端实现类.
*/
//serviceName指明WSDL中<wsdl:service>与<wsdl:binding>元素的名称,
//endpointInterface属性指向Interface类全称.
@WebService(serviceName = "UserService",
endpointInterface = "com.icsshs.dmis.webservice.soap.UserService",
targetNamespace = WsConstants.NS)
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {
@Override
public UserDTO getUser(String userId) {
UserDTO dto = new UserDTO();
dto.setId(Long.parseLong("1001"));
dto.setLoginName("dongwq");
dto.setName("张三");
dto.setEmail("dongwq@qq.com");
return dto;
}
@Override
public String getUserName(String userId) {
return "dongwq";
}
}
传输的对象UserDTO类:
package com.icsshs.dmis.webservice.soap.response;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlRootElement;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlType;
import org.apache.commons.lang3.builder.ToStringBuilder;
import com.icsshs.dmis.webservice.soap.WsConstants;
/**
* Web Service传输User信息的DTO.*
* 只传输外部接口需要的属性.使用JAXB 2.0的annotation标注JAVA-XML映射,尽量使用默认约定.*
* @XmlRootElement指定User为XML的根元素。User类的属性默认指定映射为@XmlElement。
* @XmlElement用来定义XML中的子元素。
* @XmlType-映射一个类或一个枚举类型成一个XML Schema类型
*/
@XmlRootElement
@XmlType(name = "User", namespace = WsConstants.NS)
public class UserDTO {
private Long id;
private String loginName;
private String name;
private String email;
// 相关get、set方法省略。
}
统一命名空间类定义:
public class WsConstants {
/**项目内统一的NameSpace定义.**/
/**wsdl2java生成客户端代码时默认按定义的namespace倒序生成包路径 **/
public static final String NS = "http://soap.webservice.dmis.icsshs.com";
}
(4)在spring的applicationContext.xml文件中进行配置:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:jaxws="http://cxf.apache.org/jaxws" xsi:schemaLocation="http://cxf.apache.org/jaxws http://cxf.apache.org/schemas/jaxws.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd" default-lazy-init="true"> <description>SOAP Web Service配置</description> <!-- 1、访问接口服务:http://localhost:8080/dmis/cxf/soap/userService?wsdl 2、访问接口中的方法: http://localhost:8080/dmis/cxf/soap/userService/getUserName?userId=aaa 或:http://localhost:8080/dmis/cxf/soap/userService/getUserName?arg0=aaa --> <!-- jax-ws endpoint定义 --> <jaxws:endpoint address="/soap/userService"> <jaxws:implementor ref="userService" /> </jaxws:endpoint> <!-- WebService的实现Bean定义 --> <bean id="userService" class="com.icsshs.dmis.webservice.soap.UserServiceImpl" /> </beans>
(5)启动web应用,测试webservice应用是否发布成功。
访问:http://localhost:8080/dmis/cxf/soap/userService?wsdl
三、基于SOAP的客户端调用
(1)通过代理API调用,依赖于服务端的接口
/**
* 通过代理API调用,依赖于服务端的接口
*/
public static void testClientByProxy(){
// 调用WebService
JaxWsProxyFactoryBean factory = new JaxWsProxyFactoryBean();
factory.setServiceClass(UserService.class);
factory.setAddress("http://localhost:8080/dmis/cxf/soap/userService");
UserService service = (UserService) factory.create();
UserDTO user = service.getUser("1001");
System.out.println(user.getName());
}
(2)不依赖服务端的接口
/**
* 不依赖服务端的接口
* @throws Exception
*/
public static void testClient() throws Exception{
//不依赖服务器端接口来完成调用的,也就是不仅仅能调用Java的接口
JaxWsDynamicClientFactory clientFactory =
JaxWsDynamicClientFactory.newInstance();
Client client = clientFactory.createClient(
"http://localhost:8080/dmis/cxf/soap/userService?wsdl");
Object[] result = client.invoke("getUserName", "1001");
System.out.println(result[0]);
}
(3)先通过wsdl2Java生成客户端代码,再进行调用
/**
* 先通过wsdl2Java生成客户端代码,再进行调用
*/
public static void testClient2() {
UserService_Service serivce = new UserService_Service();
UserService impl = serivce.getUserServiceImplPort();
String userName = impl.getUserName("1001");
System.out.println(userName);
}
四、基于JAX-RS的方式发布WebService
(1)pom.xml文件中导入CXF相关包
<dependency> <groupId>org.apache.cxf</groupId> <artifactId>cxf-rt-frontend-jaxrs</artifactId> <version>2.6.2</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.jaxrs</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-jaxrs-json-provider</artifactId> <version>2.0.5</version> </dependency>
(2)web.xml文件中配置,同上
<servlet> <servlet-name>CXFServlet</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.apache.cxf.transport.servlet.CXFServlet</servlet-class> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>CXFServlet</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/cxf/*</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping>
(3)创建webService接口UserJaxRsService
package com.icsshs.dmis.webservice.jaxrs;
import java.io.IOException;
import javax.ws.rs.GET;
import javax.ws.rs.POST;
import javax.ws.rs.Path;
import javax.ws.rs.PathParam;
import javax.ws.rs.Produces;
import javax.ws.rs.WebApplicationException;
import javax.ws.rs.core.MediaType;
import javax.ws.rs.core.Response;
import javax.ws.rs.core.Response.Status;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import com.icsshs.dmis.entity.bi.BiPerson;
import com.icsshs.dmis.service.bi.BiService;
import com.icsshs.dmis.webservice.soap.response.UserDTO;
@Path("/user")
public class UserJaxRsService {
@Autowired
private BiService biService;//业务系统类接口,省略
@GET
@Path("/{personCode}.xml")
@Produces(MediaType.APPLICATION_XML)
public UserDTO getAsXml(@PathParam("personCode") String personCode) {
BiPerson person = biService.findBiPersonByPersonCode(personCode);
if (person == null) {
String message = "用户不存在(id:" + personCode + ")";
throw buildException(Status.NOT_FOUND, message);
}
UserDTO dto = new UserDTO();
dto.setName(person.getPersonName());
dto.setLoginName(person.getR1PersonId());
return dto;
}
@GET
@Path("/{personCode}.json")
@Produces(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)
public UserDTO getAsJson(@PathParam("personCode") String personCode) {
BiPerson person = biService.findBiPersonByPersonCode(personCode);
if (personCode == null) {
String message = "用户不存在(id:" + personCode + ")";
throw buildException(Status.NOT_FOUND, message);
}
UserDTO dto = new UserDTO();
dto.setName(person.getPersonName());
dto.setLoginName(person.getR1PersonId());
return dto;
}
@POST
@Path("/addUser")
@Produces( { MediaType.APPLICATION_XML, MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON })
public UserDTO addUser(UserDTO user) throws IOException {
System.out.println(user);
user.setName("jojo##12321321");
return user;
}
private WebApplicationException buildException(Status status, String message){
return new WebApplicationException(Response.status(status).entity(
message).type(MediaType.TEXT_PLAIN).build());
}
}
(4)在spring的applicationContext.xml文件中进行配置:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:jaxrs="http://cxf.apache.org/jaxrs" xsi:schemaLocation="http://cxf.apache.org/jaxrs http://cxf.apache.org/schemas/jaxrs.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd" default-lazy-init="true"> <description>Apache CXF的Restful Web Service配置</description> <!-- jax-rs endpoint定义 --> <jaxrs:server id="serviceContainer" address="/jaxrs"> <jaxrs:serviceBeans> <ref bean="userJaxRsService" /> </jaxrs:serviceBeans> <jaxrs:providers> <bean class="com.fasterxml.jackson.jaxrs.json.JacksonJaxbJsonProvider" /> </jaxrs:providers> </jaxrs:server> <!-- WebService的实现Bean定义 --> <bean id="userJaxRsService" class="com.icsshs.dmis.webservice.jaxrs.UserJaxRsService" /> </beans>
(5)启动web应用,测试webservice应用是否发布成功。
访问:http://localhost:8080/dmis/cxf/jaxrs?_wadl
五、基于JAX-RS的Restful客户端调用
(1)依赖服务端的接口,通过代理API调用
/**
* 依赖服务端的接口
* 代理API允许你使用RESTful服务的资源类和接口。
* 代理类是客户端直接调用接口方法,使用户不需要手工创建HTTP请求。
*/
public static void testClientByProxy(){
UserJaxRsService store = JAXRSClientFactory
.create("http://localhost:8080/dmis/cxf/jaxrs",
UserJaxRsService.class);
System.out.println(store.getAsXml("15811006"));
}
(2)通过HTTP客户端进行调用
/**
* HTTP客户端
* 使用org.apache.cxf.jaxrs.client.WebClient调用RESTful服务
*
*/
public static void testClientByHttp(){
String format = MediaType.APPLICATION_XML;
WebClient client = WebClient.create("http://localhost:8080/dmis/cxf/jaxrs");
client.path("/user/15811006.xml").accept(format).type(format);
UserDTO user = client.get(UserDTO.class);
System.out.println("userName: " + user.getName());
}
3、通过HTTP客户端进行调用,并传递对象
/**
* HTTP客户端(传递对象)
*
*/
public static void testClientByObject(){
String format = MediaType.APPLICATION_XML;
System.out.println("testAddCategory called with format " );
WebClient client = WebClient.create("http://localhost:8080/dmis/cxf/jaxrs");
client.path("/user/addUser").accept(format).type(format);
UserDTO userDTO = new UserDTO();
userDTO.setName("userName");
userDTO.setLoginName("loginName");
UserDTO returnUser = client.post(userDTO,UserDTO.class);
System.out.println("userName: " + returnUser.getName()
+" lgoinName: "+returnUser.getLoginName());
}
注:HTTP客户端调用时,如果不依赖于服务端接口,可通过wsdl2java或wadl2java生成客户端代码。