今天在在办公室的实验计算机上安装了oracle11GR2
软件环境是：CENTOS5.4 + oracle11Gr2
内存2GB
硬盘160GB
一、安装所需系统与软件简介
操作系统：RHEL 5.4 x86_64 rhel-server-5.4-x86_64-dvd.iso
ASM software:
oracleasm-2.6.18-164.el5-2.0.5-1.el5.x86_64.rpm oracleasm-support-2.1.3-1.el5.x86_64.rpm
oracleasmlib-2.0.4-1.el5.x86_64.rpm
11gR2 GRID: p10098816_112020_Linux-x86-64_1of7.zip
11gR2 Database: p10098816_112020_Linux-x86-64_1of7.zip p10098816_112020_Linux-x86-64_2of7.zip
二、检查必要的软件是否已被安装
grid软件和database软件安装要求是一样的
binutils-2.17.50.0.6
elfutils-libelf-0.125
elfutils-libelf-devel-0.125
gcc-4.1.2
gcc-c++-4.1.2
glibc-common-2.5
ksh-20060214
libstdc++-devel 4.1.2
make-3.81
sysstat-7.0.2
pdksh
libaio-devel
三、网络环境的配置
1. /etc/hosts
[root@asm11g ~]# cat /etc/hosts
# Do not remove the following line, or various programs
# that require network functionality will fail.
127.0.0.1 localhost.localdomain localhost
::1 localhost6.localdomain6 localhost6
192.168.75.38 asm11g.zhyhl.com asm11g
四、创建组、用户和目录
/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 1000 oinstall
/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 1100 asmadmin
/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 1200 dba
/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 1300 asmdba
/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 1301 asmoper
/usr/sbin/useradd -u 1100 -g oinstall -G dba,asmadmin,asmdba,asmoper grid
/usr/sbin/useradd -u 1101 -g oinstall -G dba,asmadmin,asmdba oracle
/bin/mkdir -p /u01/app/grid
/bin/chown -R grid:oinstall /u01
/bin/mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle
/bin/chown oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle
/bin/chmod -R 775 /u01
设置grid和oracle用户密码：
/usr/bin/passwd grid
/usr/bin/passwd oracle
注意及参考事项：
注意：如果grid中不包含dba组，则dbca的时候会停止报错，且使用srvctl时也会报如下错误
(此时数据库已经可以创建完毕，可以通过sqlplus 来启动)。
五、配置系统
1. 配置并修改内核参数
vi /etc/sysctl.conf
net.ipv4.tcp_tw_reuse = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle = 1
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.shmall = 4097152
kernel.shmmax = 8294967295
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048586
vm.min_free_kbytes = 409600
vm.swappiness = 20
vm.dirty_ratio = 20
vm.vfs_cache_pressure=200
2. 为oracle用户设置shell限制
(1) /etc/pam.d/login
session required pam_limits.so
(2) /etc/security/limits.conf
grid soft nproc 2047
grid hard nproc 16384
grid soft nofile 1024
grid hard nofile 65536
oracle soft nproc 2047
oracle hard nproc 16384
oracle soft nofile 1024
oracle hard nofile 65536
(3) /etc/profile
if [ $USER = "oracle" ] || [ $USER = "grid" ]; then
if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then
ulimit -p 16384
ulimit -n 65536
else
ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536
fi
umask 022
fi
(4) /etc/csh.login
if ( $USER == "oracle" || $USER == "grid" ) then
limit maxproc 16384
limit descriptors 65536
umask 022
endif
六、用户环境变量
1. grid /home/grid/.bash_profile
------------－－---------------------
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/grid
export ORACLE_SID=+ASM
export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/grid/product/11.2.0/grid
export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib:/lib64:/usr/lib64
export ORACLE_TERM=xterm
export CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib
export TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin
export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK;
# export NLS_LANG="SIMPLIFIED CHINESE_CHINA.ZHS16GBK"
# export NLS_LANG="Simplified Chinese_China.ZHS16CGB231280"
# export NLS_LANG="Simplified Chinese_China.UTF8"
2. oracle /home/oracle/.bash_profile
-------------------------------------
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
export ORACLE_SID=orcl
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1
export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib
export ORACLE_TERM=xterm
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib:/lib64:/usr/lib64
export ORACLE_HOSTNAME=asm11g
export NLS_DATE_FORMAT="YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS"
export TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin
export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK;
# export NLS_LANG="SIMPLIFIED CHINESE_CHINA.ZHS16GBK"
# export NLS_LANG="Simplified Chinese_China.ZHS16CGB231280"
# export NLS_LANG="Simplified Chinese_China.UTF8"
七、配置ASM
1. 准备ASM磁盘
ASM磁盘准备了2块.
2. disk partition alignment
省略。。。。。。。。。
3. 安装和配置ASM
首先使用uname -rm
确定LINUX内核版本，然后去oracle网站：RHEL5下的ASMLib2.0下载地址：
http://www.oracle.com/technology/global/cn/tech/linux/asmlib/index.html
下载ASMLIB包。
然后安装：
rpm -Uvh oracleasm-support-2.1.3-1.el5.x86_64.rpm oracleasm-2.6.18-164.el5-2.0.5-1.el5.x86_64.rpm oracleasmlib-2.0.4-1.el5.x86_64.rpm
注意：
1.具体的包名和你的操作系统有关。
2.如果是oracle linux(最新版本的oracle linux可能还不带有,只能使用裸设备了,或等待一段时间) 只要安装下面的包,就自动包含ASMLIB包了:
yum install kernel-uek kernel-uek-devel kernel-uek-headers kernel-uek-firmware
最好设置好oracle的安装环境变量
二。配置ASMLIB
启动oracle asmlib:
#/etc/init.d/oracleasm start
启用asmlib：
#/etc/init.d/oracleasm enable
Writing Oracle ASM library driver configuration: [ OK ]
Loading module "oracleasm": [ OK ]
Mounting ASMlib driver filesystem: [ OK ]
Scanning system for ASM disk
[root@asm11g ~]# /etc/init.d/oracleasm configure
Configuring the Oracle ASM library driver.
This will configure the on-boot properties of the Oracle ASM library
driver. The following questions will determine whether the driver is
loaded on boot and what permissions it will have. The current values
will be shown in brackets ('[]'). Hitting without typing an
answer will keep that current value. Ctrl-C will abort.
Default user to own the driver interface []: grid Default group to own the driver interface []: asmadmin Start Oracle ASM library driver on boot (y/n) [n]: y Scan for Oracle ASM disks on boot (y/n) [y]: y Writing Oracle ASM library driver configuration: done
Initializing the Oracle ASMLib driver: [ OK ]
Scanning the system for Oracle ASMLib disks: [ OK ]
#/etc/init.d/oracleasm createdisk VOL_C /dev/sdc1
当向RAC设置中添加磁盘时，需要通知其它节点该磁盘的存在：
在一个节点上运行创建ASM磁盘，然后在其它节点上运行：
# /etc/init.d/oracleasm scandisks
Scanning system for ASM disks: [ OK ]
查看状态：
[root@asm11g ~]# /etc/init.d/oracleasm status
Checking if ASM is loaded: yes
Checking if /dev/oracleasm is mounted: yes
/etc/init.d/oracleasm createdisk VOL_A /dev/sdb1
/etc/init.d/oracleasm createdisk VOL_B /dev/sdb2
如果创建磁盘失败,可以查看:
| cat /var/log/oracleasm |
八、安装GRID
1. 以grid身份登入系统，在解开的grid软件目录中，运行./runInstaller
2. 选择：Install and Configure Grid Infrastructure for a Standalone Server
3。检验安装与配置
[grid@asm11g grid]$ srvctl status asm
ASM is running on asm11g
[grid@asm11g grid]$
[grid@asm11g grid]$ srvctl status listener
Listener LISTENER is enabled
Listener LISTENER is running on node(s): asm11g
[grid@asm11g grid]$
[grid@asm11g grid]$ ps -ef |grep +ASM
grid 11032 1 0 20:58 ? 00:00:00 asm_pmon_+ASM
grid 11034 1 0 20:58 ? 00:00:00 asm_vktm_+ASM
grid 11038 1 0 20:58 ? 00:00:00 asm_gen0_+ASM
grid 11040 1 0 20:58 ? 00:00:00 asm_diag_+ASM
grid 11042 1 0 20:58 ? 00:00:00 asm_psp0_+ASM
grid 11044 1 0 20:58 ? 00:00:00 asm_dia0_+ASM
grid 11046 1 0 20:58 ? 00:00:00 asm_mman_+ASM
grid 11048 1 0 20:58 ? 00:00:00 asm_dbw0_+ASM
grid 11050 1 0 20:58 ? 00:00:00 asm_lgwr_+ASM
grid 11052 1 0 20:58 ? 00:00:00 asm_ckpt_+ASM
grid 11054 1 0 20:58 ? 00:00:00 asm_smon_+ASM
grid 11056 1 0 20:58 ? 00:00:00 asm_rbal_+ASM
grid 11058 1 0 20:58 ? 00:00:00 asm_gmon_+ASM
grid 11060 1 0 20:58 ? 00:00:00 asm_mmon_+ASM
grid 11062 1 0 20:58 ? 00:00:00 asm_mmnl_+ASM
grid 11228 5501 0 21:02 pts/0 00:00:00 grep +ASM
[grid@asm11g grid]$
[grid@asm11g grid]$ crs_stat -t
Name Type Target State Host
------------------------------------------------------------
ora.DATA.dg ora....up.type ONLINE ONLINE asm11g
ora.FRA.dg ora....up.type ONLINE ONLINE asm11g
ora....ER.lsnr ora....er.type ONLINE ONLINE asm11g
ora.asm ora.asm.type ONLINE ONLINE asm11g
ora.cssd ora.cssd.type ONLINE ONLINE asm11g
ora.diskmon ora....on.type ONLINE ONLINE asm11g
4.asmca创建磁盘组
使用VOL5和VOL6创建闪回区所用的磁盘组：FRA
[grid@asm11g ~]$ which asmca
/u01/app/grid/product/11.2.0/grid/bin/asmca
查看ASM磁盘组的信息：
[grid@asm11g grid]$ sqlplus "/as sysasm"
col disk format a15
col disk_group format a15
select a.name disk, b.name disk_group
from v$asm_disk a, v$asm_diskgroup b
where a.group_number = b.group_number;
DISK DISK_GROUP
--------------- ---------------
VOL1 DATA
VOL2 DATA
6 rows selected.
九、安装数据库
1. 安装数据库软件
以oracle用户登入系统，在解开的oracle软件目录中，运行./runInstaller
2. 创建数据库dbca
选择ASM作为存储，输入ASMSNMP的密码，数据库存放区选择+DATA, FRA区选择+FRA。
3. 数据库的启动与关闭
[oracle@asm11g ~]$ srvctl status database -d orcl
Database is running.
[oracle@asm11g ~]$
[oracle@asm11g ~]$ srvctl stop database -d orcl
[oracle@asm11g ~]$ srvctl start database -d orcl
查找RPM包使用rpm -qal | grep oracleasm
卸载RPM包使用 rpm -e
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转载于:http://blog.itpub.net/8183550/viewspace-660269/
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