ora-04031处理过程

最新推荐文章于 2023-05-18 11:42:43 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2023-05-18 11:42:43 发布

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文章标签：数据库 java

ora-04031处理过程:

解决日文站4031错误
一、错误提示：
> EXP-00008: ORACLE error 4031 encountered
> ORA-04031: unable to allocate 4096 bytes of shared memory
("shared pool","BEGIN  :EXEC_STR := SYS.DBMS...","PL/SQL MPCODE","BAMIMA: Bam Buffe
二、错误原因：
共享内存太小，存在一定碎片，没有有效的利用保留区，造成无法分配合适的共享区。
三、解决步骤：
1.查看当前环境
SQL> show sga

Total System Global Area  566812832 bytes
Fixed Size                   73888 bytes
Variable Size             28811264 bytes
Database Buffers       536870912 bytes
Redo Buffers             1056768 bytes

      show parameter shared_pool
NAME                               TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ------- -----
shared_pool_reserved_size          string  1048576
shared_pool_size                   string  20971520

SQL> select sum(free_space) from v$shared_pool_reserved;

SUM(FREE_SPACE)
---------------
         1048576

我们可以看到没有合理利用保留区

SQL> SELECT SUM(RELOADS)/SUM(PINS) FROM V$LIBRARYCACHE;

            SUM(RELOADS)/SUM(PINS)
            ----------------------
                        .008098188

            不算太严重
      SQL> SELECT round((B.Value/A.Value)*100,1) hardpaseperc
            FROM V$SYSSTAT A,
                  V$SYSSTAT B
            WHERE A.Statistic# = 171
               AND B.Statistic# = 172
               AND ROWNUM = 1;

            hardpaseperc
            ------------------
            26.5

2.查看保留区使用情况
SQL> SELECT FREE_SPACE,
            FREE_COUNT,
            REQUEST_FAILURES,
            REQUEST_MISSES,
            LAST_FAILURE_SIZE
      FROM V$SHARED_POOL_RESERVED;

FREE_SPACE FREE_COUNT REQUEST_FAILURES REQUEST_MISSES LAST_FAILURE_SIZE
---------- ---------- ---------------- -------------- -----------------
   1048576       1             146             0             4132

最近一次申请共享区失败时该对象需要的共享区大小4132

select name from v$db_object_cache where sharable_mem = 4132;
name
----------------
dbms_lob

-- dbms_lob正是exp时申请保留区的对象
3.查看导致换页的应用
SQL> select * from x$ksmlru where ksmlrsiz>0;

      ADDR    INDX INST_ID KSMLRCOM    KSMLRSIZ  KSMLRNUM KSMLRHON KSMLROHV KSMLRSES

      50001A88 0       1 BAMIMA: Bam Buffer  4100       64 DBMS_DDL 402745060 730DEB9C

      50001ACC 1       1 BAMIMA: Bam Buffer  4108       736 DBMS_SYS_SQL 1909768749 730D0838

      50001B10 2       1 BAMIMA: Bam Buffer  4112    1576 STANDARD 2679492315 730D7E20

      50001B54 3       1 BAMIMA: Bam Buffer  4124    1536 DBMS_LOB 853346312 730DA83C

      50001B98 4       1 BAMIMA: Bam Buffer  4128    3456 DBMS_UTILITY 4041615653 730C5FC8

      50001BDC 5       1 BAMIMA: Bam Buffer  4132    3760 begin :1 := dbms_lob.getLeng...  2942875191 730CFFCC

      50001C20 6       1 state objects    4184    1088 0 00

      50001C64 7       1 library cache    4192       488 EXU8VEW 2469165743 730C1C68

      50001CA8 8       1 state objects    4196       16 0 730C0B90

      50001CEC 9       1 state objects    4216    3608 0 730D0838

3.分析各共享池的使用情况
SQL> select KSPPINM,KSPPSTVL
      from x$ksppi,
         x$ksppcv
   where x$ksppi.indx = x$ksppcv.indx
      and KSPPINM = '_shared_pool_reserved_min_alloc';

   KSPPINM       KSPPSTVL
   ------------------------------- --------
   _shared_pool_reserved_min_alloc 4400 --(门值)

         我们看到INDX=5,DBMS_LOB造成换页(就是做exp涉及到lob对象处理造成的换页情况),换出
   最近未使用的内存,但是换出内存并合并碎片后在共享区仍然没有合适区来存放数据,说明共享
   区小和碎片过多，然后根据_shared_pool_reserved_min_alloc的门值来申请保留区,而门值为4400,
   所以不符合申请保留区的条件,造成4031错误。我们前面看到保留区全部为空闲状态,所以我们可以
   减低门值，使更多申请共享内存比4400小的的对象能申请到保留区，而不造成4031错误。

keri_syml2006-10-24 16:00

4.解决办法：
   1).增大shared_pool （在不DOWN机的情况下不合适）
   2).打patch （在不DOWN机的情况下不合适）
   3).减小门值（在不DOWN机的情况下不合适）
      因为LAST_FAILURE_SIZE<_shared_pool_reserved_min_alloc所以表明没有有效的使用保留区
      SQL> alter system set "_shared_pool_reserved_min_alloc" = 4000;
            alter system set "_shared_pool_reserved_min_alloc"=4000
                           *
            ERROR at line 1:
            ORA-02095: specified initialization parameter cannot be modified

            -- 9i的使用方法alter system set "_shared_pool_reserved_min_alloc"=4000 scope=spfile;

   4).使用alter system flush shared_pool; (不能根本性的解决问题)
   5).使用dbms_shared_pool.keep

5.
   由于 数据库不能DOWN机，所以只能选择3)和4)
   运行dbmspool.sql
   SQL> @/home/oracle/products/8.1.7/rdbms/admin/dbmspool.sql
   找出需要keep到共享内存的对象

SQL> select a.OWNER,
            a.name,
            a.sharable_mem,
            a.kept,
            a.EXECUTIONS ,
            b.address,
            b.hash_value
      from v$db_object_cache a,
            v$sqlarea b
      where a.kept = 'NO' and
      (( a.EXECUTIONS > 1000
         and a.SHARABLE_MEM > 50000)
         or  a.EXECUTIONS > 10000)
         and SUBSTR(b.sql_text,1,50) = SUBSTR(a.name,1,50);
   OWNER NAME                      SHARABLE_MEM KEP EXECUTIONS ADDRESS  HASH_VALUE
   -------  ----------------------—---  ------------ --- ---------- -------- ----------
            SELECT COUNT(OBJECT_ID)    98292       NO 103207 74814BF8 1893309624
               FROM ALL_OBJECTS
               WHERE OBJECT_NAME = :b1
               AND WNER = :b2

            STANDARD                   286632    NO 13501
            DBMS_LOB                   98292 NO 103750
            DBMS_LOB             47536       NO 2886542
            DBMS_LOB             11452       NO 2864757
            DBMS_PICKLER             10684       NO 2681194
            DBMS_PICKLER             5224       NO 2663860

   SQL> execute dbms_shared_pool.keep('STANDARD');
   SQL> execute dbms_shared_pool.keep('74814BF8,1893309624','C');
   SQL> execute dbms_shared_pool.keep('DBMS_LOB');
   SQL> execute dbms_shared_pool.keep('DBMS_PICKLER');
   SQL> select OWNER, name, sharable_mem,kept,EXECUTIONS from v$db_object_cache where kept = 'YES' ORDER BY sharable_mem;
   SQL> alter system flush shared_pool;
   System altered.

   SQL> SELECT POOL,BYTES FROM V$SGASTAT WHERE NAME ='free memory';

   POOL          BYTES
   ----------- ----------
   shared pool 7742756
   large pool    614400
   java pool       32768

   [oracle@ali-solution oracle]$ sh /home/oracle/admin/dbexp.sh

   [oracle@ali-solution oracle]$ grep ORA- /tmp/exp.tmp
   未发现错误，导出数据成功

四、建议：由于以上解决的方法是在不能DOWN机的情况下，所以没能动态修改初始化参数，
   但问题的本质是共享区内存过小，需要增加shared pool，使用绑定变量，才能根本
   的解决问题，所以需要在适当的时候留出DOWN机时间，对内存进行合理的配置。

来自 “ ITPUB博客 ” ，链接：http://blog.itpub.net/730796/viewspace-604981/，如需转载，请注明出处，否则将追究法律责任。

转载于:http://blog.itpub.net/730796/viewspace-604981/

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ora-04031处理过程

ora-04031处理过程:解决日文站4031错误一、错误提示：> EXP-00008: ORACLE error 4031 encountered> ORA-04031: unable to allocate 40...
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