1. 引入的依赖jar
<!--eureka相关-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--熔断jar-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- 健康检测 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- 路由 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-gateway</artifactId>
</dependency>
2. 启动类
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
/**
* description: GateWay2Application <br>
* date: 2021/3/29 16:10 <br>
* author: cn_yaojin <br>
* version: 1.0 <br>
*/
@EnableDiscoveryClient
@EnableEurekaClient
@ComponentScan("com.cn")
@SpringBootApplication
public class GateWay2Application {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(GateWay2Application.class, args);
System.out.println("路由服务已启动");
}
}
3. yaml配置路由
server:
port: 9006
tomcat:
uri-encoding: utf-8
spring:
application:
name: gate2-way
cloud:
gateway:
# 请求超时时间,如下,超过5秒钟后端服务没有响应,将返回给客户端
httpclient:
connect-timeout: 1000
response-timeout: 5s
discovery:
locator:
# 是否和服务注册与发现组件结合,设置为 true 后可以直接使用应用名称调用服务
enabled: true
# 路由(routes:路由,它由唯一标识(ID)、目标服务地址(uri)、一组断言(predicates)和一组过滤器组成(filters)。filters 不是必需参数。)
routes:
# 路由标识(id:标识,具有唯一性)
- id: api-test1
# 目标服务地址(uri:地址,请求转发后的地址)
uri: lb://api-test1
# 路由条件(predicates:断言,匹配 HTTP 请求内容)
predicates:
## 转发地址格式为 http://ip/admin/demo/test,StripPrefix=1 的话,那么最终转发到服务的地址是:/demo/test
- Path=/api1/**
# =====================================
- id: api-test2
uri: lb://api-test2
predicates:
- Path=/api2/**
#默认的拦截器(主要处理熔断)
default-filters:
- StripPrefix=0
- name: Hystrix
args:
name: fallbackcmd
fallbackUri: forward:/fallback
# 当请求失败的时候,重试次数,至少1次
#- name: Retry
# args:
# retries: 1
# statuses: BAD_GATEWAY
# 连接注册中心
eureka:
client:
serviceUrl:
defaultZone: http://192.168.3.129:8761/eureka/
instance:
instance-id: ${spring.application.name}:${spring.cloud.client.ip-address}:${server.port}
prefer-ip-address: true
lease-renewal-interval-in-seconds: 30
lease-expiration-duration-in-seconds: 90
# 以下配置针对gateway 请求超时的
hystrix:
command:
default: #default全局有效,service id指定应用有效
execution:
timeout:
enabled: true
isolation:
thread:
timeoutInMilliseconds: 5000
# 以下参数默认为10,不调整的话大并发的时候会出错
#semaphore:
# maxConcurrentRequests: 500
threadpool:
default:
coreSize: 100
maxQueueSize: 1500
queueSizeRejectionThreshold: 1000
4. Fallback:
package com.cn.fallback;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
/**
* description: Fallback <br>
* date: 2020/6/10 10:21 <br>
* author: cn_yaojin <br>
* version: 1.0 <br>
*/
@RestController
public class Fallback {
@GetMapping(value = "/fallback")
public Object fallback() {
Map<String, Object> result = new HashMap<>();
result.put("code", 500);
result.put("success", false);
result.put("obj", null);
result.put("msg", "未知错误");
return result;
}
}
5.关于超时配置说明
- gateway httpclient 的超时设置:
spring: cloud: gateway: httpclient: connect-timeout: 1000 response-timeout: 5s
以上配置中,connect是连接超时,response是后端服务超过指定的时间没有响应后超时,例如:调用用户详情查询接口,超过5秒的时间,后端服务没有响应,gateway路由将会端口请求,直接返回给调用端。
- hystrix 熔断超时设置:
# 以下配置针对gateway 请求超时的 hystrix: command: default: #default全局有效,service id指定应用有效 execution: timeout: enabled: true isolation: thread: timeoutInMilliseconds: 5000 # 以下参数默认为10,不调整的话大并发的时候会出错 #semaphore: # maxConcurrentRequests: 500 threadpool: default: coreSize: 100 maxQueueSize: 1500 queueSizeRejectionThreshold: 1000
# 以上配置中,当 timeout.enable =true 的时候,超时会生效。
# 注意: hystrix 超时配置中,timeoutInMilliseconds <= response-timeout, timeoutInMilliseconds 才会生效。1. httpcient.response-timeout=3s, 而 hystrix 的 timeoutInMilliseconds=9000,那么当接口请求超过3秒的时候,hystrix 不生效。
2. httpcient.response-timeout=9s, 而 hystrix 的 timeoutInMilliseconds=3000,那么当接口请求超过3秒的时候,hystrix 在生效。