python 可迭代对象与迭代器

# from typing import Iterable
from collections.abc import Iterable,Iterator

# 可迭代对象，判断两种方式
print (isinstance([], Iterable)) # True

print (hasattr([], "__getitem__")) # True



# 可迭代对象，支持for循环
class Student():
    def __init__(self):
        self._grades = list()
        
    
    def __setitem__(self, index, value):
        self._grades.insert(index, value)
        
        
    def __getitem__(self, index):
        return self._grades[index]
    
    def __iter__(self):
        return iter(self._grades) # 返回_grades的迭代器
    
if None:    
    s = Student()
    s[0] = 1
    s[1] = 4

    print ("Student", isinstance(s, Iterable)) # True
    for grade in s:
        print(grade)


# 可迭代对象不一定是迭代器，迭代器一定是可迭代对象
# 迭代器节约资源，实现next方法，按需返回，没有长度限制
# 没有值则会抛出stop异常
# 迭代器只能迭代一次才有数据，可迭代对象可以重复，并每次都有数据
class MyIter():
    def __init__(self):
        self._grades = list()
        self._cur_index = 0
    
    def __setitem__(self, index, value):
        self._grades.insert(index, value)
            
    def __iter__(self):
        return self
    
    def __next__(self):
        if self._cur_index < len(self._grades):
            res = self._grades[self._cur_index]
            self._cur_index += 1
            return res
        else:
            raise StopIteration
        

s = MyIter()
s[0] = 1
s[1] = 2
s[2] = 3
s[3] = 4

# print(next(s))
# print(next(s))
# print(next(s))
# print(next(s))
print("MyIter", isinstance(s, Iterator))
for e in s:
    print(e)