Mysql因为内存不够而不能启动

问题描述

由于数据库在云上放着，在写项目的过程中组里成员突然发现数据库连不上了，然后我就登陆服务器看了一眼：

1. 数据库连不上
2. 然后我重启数据库的时候会提示一下：
   Job for mysqld.service failed because a fatal signal was delivered to the control process. See "systemctl status mysqld.service" and "journalctl -xe" for details.
   然后我使用journalctl -xe进行排查，发现没有啥有效信息
3. 之后适用tail -n 20 /var/log/mysqld.log去看数据库的日志，发现了以下信息：

2020-04-29T01:16:10.459072Z 0 [System] [MY-010116] [Server] /usr/sbin/mysqld (mysqld 8.0.19) starting as process 835
2020-04-29T01:16:16.885066Z 0 [System] [MY-010116] [Server] /usr/sbin/mysqld (mysqld 8.0.19) starting as process 1020
2020-04-29T01:16:17.181143Z 0 [ERROR] [MY-012681] [InnoDB] mmap(137363456 bytes) failed; errno 12
2020-04-29T01:16:17.181305Z 1 [ERROR] [MY-012956] [InnoDB] Cannot allocate memory for the buffer pool
2020-04-29T01:16:17.181427Z 1 [ERROR] [MY-012930] [InnoDB] Plugin initialization aborted with error Generic error.
2020-04-29T01:16:17.182891Z 1 [ERROR] [MY-010334] [Server] Failed to initialize DD Storage Engine
2020-04-29T01:16:17.183205Z 0 [ERROR] [MY-010020] [Server] Data Dictionary initialization failed.
2020-04-29T01:16:17.183382Z 0 [ERROR] [MY-010119] [Server] Aborting
2020-04-29T01:16:17.189397Z 0 [System] [MY-010910] [Server] /usr/sbin/mysqld: Shutdown complete (mysqld 8.0.19)  MySQL Community Server - GPL.

问题原因

从上面可以看到，是因为mmap(啊，这个mmap我面试腾讯的时候还问过)申请不到内存，可以理解为内存不够了
然后先用free看一下当前读的内存

              total        used        free      shared  buff/cache   available
Mem:        1883724     1298816      400560      106920      184348      364396
Swap:             0           0           0

发现果然是swap的问题

解决办法

增加swap

sudo dd if=/dev/zero of=/swapfile bs=1M count=1024 #增加1G的SWAP进去
sudo mkswap /swapfile
sudo swapon /swapfile

之后重启mysql
解决办法出处