dubbo提供者抛出异常的父类，消费者无法获取到实际异常类型的问题，由ExceptionFilter导致

在dubbo使用过程中，遇到一个异常的问题

场景：在service（dubbo的提供者）中new MyBussinessException

（自定义的业务异常），但是方法上throw的是Exception，controller（消费端）要根据异常的类型进行相应处理，如果是catch的是业务异常直接抛出，其他异常则将异常信息改为“系统异常”。

代码如下：

/**
 *假设这是dubbo提供的一个service
 */
@Service
class Read implements Hobby{
        @Override
        public void read() throws Exception{
            System.out.println("reading...");
            throw new MyBussinessException("测试异常");
        }
    }

//消费端中的业务
 
       String msg;
        try {
            read.read();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            if(e instanceof MyBussinessException){
              msg=e.getMessage(); 
            } else {
                msg="系统异常";
            }
        }

结果发现，catch中的异常是Runtime异常，调试发现，dubbo会判断方法抛出的异常是否有在方名签名中声明，如果没有声明，则封装成Runtime异常再抛出。

dubbo源码如下：

public class ExceptionFilter implements Filter {

    private final Logger logger;

    public ExceptionFilter() {
        this(LoggerFactory.getLogger(ExceptionFilter.class));
    }

    public ExceptionFilter(Logger logger) {
        this.logger = logger;
    }

    public Result invoke(Invoker<?> invoker, Invocation invocation) throws RpcException {
        try {
            Result result = invoker.invoke(invocation);
            if (result.hasException() && GenericService.class != invoker.getInterface()) {
                try {
                    Throwable exception = result.getException();

                    //这里抛出的是MyBusinessException，所以跳过 
                    if (!(exception instanceof RuntimeException) && (exception instanceof Exception)) {
                        return result;
                    }
                    // 这里判断方法抛出的异常是否有声明，由于这里不一致也跳过
                    try {
                        Method method = invoker.getInterface().getMethod(invocation.getMethodName(), invocation.getParameterTypes());
                        Class<?>[] exceptionClassses = method.getExceptionTypes();
                        for (Class<?> exceptionClass : exceptionClassses) {
                            if (exception.getClass().equals(exceptionClass)) {
                                return result;
                            }
                        }
                    } catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {
                        return result;
                    }

                    // for the exception not found in method's signature, print ERROR message in server's log.
                    logger.error("Got unchecked and undeclared exception which called by " + RpcContext.getContext().getRemoteHost()
                            + ". service: " + invoker.getInterface().getName() + ", method: " + invocation.getMethodName()
                            + ", exception: " + exception.getClass().getName() + ": " + exception.getMessage(), exception);

                    // directly throw if exception class and interface class are in the same jar file.
                    String serviceFile = ReflectUtils.getCodeBase(invoker.getInterface());
                    String exceptionFile = ReflectUtils.getCodeBase(exception.getClass());
                    if (serviceFile == null || exceptionFile == null || serviceFile.equals(exceptionFile)) {
                        return result;
                    }
                    // directly throw if it's JDK exception
                    String className = exception.getClass().getName();
                    if (className.startsWith("java.") || className.startsWith("javax.")) {
                        return result;
                    }
                    // directly throw if it's dubbo exception
                    if (exception instanceof RpcException) {
                        return result;
                    }

                    //否则，包装成RuntimeException
                    return new RpcResult(new RuntimeException(StringUtils.toString(exception)));
                } catch (Throwable e) {
                    logger.warn("Fail to ExceptionFilter when called by " + RpcContext.getContext().getRemoteHost()
                            + ". service: " + invoker.getInterface().getName() + ", method: " + invocation.getMethodName()
                            + ", exception: " + e.getClass().getName() + ": " + e.getMessage(), e);
                    return result;
                }
            }
            return result;
        } catch (RuntimeException e) {
            logger.error("Got unchecked and undeclared exception which called by " + RpcContext.getContext().getRemoteHost()
                    + ". service: " + invoker.getInterface().getName() + ", method: " + invocation.getMethodName()
                    + ", exception: " + e.getClass().getName() + ": " + e.getMessage(), e);
            throw e;
        }
    }

}

解决方案：确保想要throw出来的异常有声明