1095 Cars on Campus (30 point(s))

1095 Cars on Campus (30 point(s))

Zhejiang University has 8 campuses and a lot of gates. From each gate we can collect the in/out times and the plate numbers of the cars crossing the gate. Now with all the information available, you are supposed to tell, at any specific time point, the number of cars parking on campus, and at the end of the day find the cars that have parked for the longest time period.

Input Specification:

Each input file contains one test case. Each case starts with two positive integers N (≤10​4​​), the number of records, and K (≤8×10​4​​) the number of queries. Then N lines follow, each gives a record in the format:

plate_number hh:mm:ss status

where plate_number is a string of 7 English capital letters or 1-digit numbers; hh:mm:ss represents the time point in a day by hour:minute:second, with the earliest time being 00:00:00 and the latest 23:59:59; and status is either in or out.

Note that all times will be within a single day. Each in record is paired with the chronologically next record for the same car provided it is an out record. Any in records that are not paired with an out record are ignored, as are out records not paired with an in record. It is guaranteed that at least one car is well paired in the input, and no car is both in and out at the same moment. Times are recorded using a 24-hour clock.

Then K lines of queries follow, each gives a time point in the format hh:mm:ss. Note: the queries are given in ascending order of the times.

Output Specification:

For each query, output in a line the total number of cars parking on campus. The last line of output is supposed to give the plate number of the car that has parked for the longest time period, and the corresponding time length. If such a car is not unique, then output all of their plate numbers in a line in alphabetical order, separated by a space.

Sample Input:

16 7
JH007BD 18:00:01 in
ZD00001 11:30:08 out
DB8888A 13:00:00 out
ZA3Q625 23:59:50 out
ZA133CH 10:23:00 in
ZD00001 04:09:59 in
JH007BD 05:09:59 in
ZA3Q625 11:42:01 out
JH007BD 05:10:33 in
ZA3Q625 06:30:50 in
JH007BD 12:23:42 out
ZA3Q625 23:55:00 in
JH007BD 12:24:23 out
ZA133CH 17:11:22 out
JH007BD 18:07:01 out
DB8888A 06:30:50 in
05:10:00
06:30:50
11:00:00
12:23:42
14:00:00
18:00:00
23:59:00

Sample Output:

1
4
5
2
1
0
1
JH007BD ZD00001 07:20:09

 复杂模拟。目前为止唯一一道没有自己做出来的模拟。

大概思路：

1. 按照车牌号索引，存储每个车牌号对应的出入记录，然后对各自的记录进行排序。

2. 按照题设要求（in和out对应等），将有效的记录存储在vector<record> valid（注意理解题意，两个合法的记录之间必然是相邻的）。

3. 对于每一个车牌号的记录，记录它们的停车时间和，并注意更新。

4. 对于每一个查询（注意时间递增），根据valid来计算当前车辆数。

注意点：

1. 题意的理解；

2. STL的使用：vector/map/set

#include<iostream>
#include<cstring>
#include<algorithm>
#include<vector>
#include<map>
#include<set>
using namespace std;
struct record{
	int time;string status;
	record(int t,string s):time(t),status(s){}
	bool operator < (const record &other) const{
		return time<other.time;
	}
};
map<string,vector<record> >mp;
vector<record> valid;
int main(void){
	int N,K;cin>>N>>K;
	string p,s;int hh,mm,ss;
	while(N--){
		cin>>p;
		scanf("%d:%d:%d",&hh,&mm,&ss);
		cin>>s;
		mp[p].push_back(record(3600*hh+60*mm+ss,s));
	}
	set<string> maxPlate;
	int maxTime = 0;
	map<string,vector<record> >::iterator i;
	for(i=mp.begin();i!=mp.end();i++){
		sort((i->second).begin(),(i->second.end()));
		int total=0;
		for(int j=0;j<(i->second).size()-1;j++){
			if((i->second)[j].status=="in"&&(i->second)[j+1].status=="out"){
				valid.push_back((i->second)[j]);
				valid.push_back((i->second)[j+1]);
				total+=((i->second)[j+1].time-(i->second)[j].time); 
			}
		}
		if(total>maxTime){
			maxPlate.clear();
			maxPlate.insert(i->first);
			maxTime = total;
		}else if(total==maxTime){
			maxPlate.insert(i->first);
		}
	}
	sort(valid.begin(),valid.end());
	int park = 0;int idx = 0;
	while(K--){
		scanf("%d:%d:%d",&hh,&mm,&ss);
		int t = 3600*hh+60*mm+ss;
		while(idx<valid.size()&&valid[idx].time<=t){
			if(valid[idx].status=="in") park++;
			else park--;
			idx++;
		}
		cout<<park<<endl;
	}
	set<string>::iterator it;
	for(it=maxPlate.begin();it!=maxPlate.end();it++){
		cout<<*it<<" "; 
	} 
	printf("%02d:%02d:%02d",maxTime/3600,maxTime%3600/60,maxTime%60);
	return 0;
}