如何用php语言实现实时消息处理的后台守护进程

用php实现后台任务通常有2种方式，一种是cron，也就是定时任务调度了，该方式实现和部署都比较简单，php的代码也能复用，能满足很多场景的业务需求。但是该方式也有个缺点，就是cron最短也只能1分钟调度一次，这对一些要求实时处理的业务还略显不够完美，那能否用php实现可以实时处理的后台任务呢？这就是我们下面要讲的第二种方式，即后台守护进程。

php做后台进程最主要的问题就是僵死问题，代码跑一段时间就会僵死或者崩溃，cron方式由于定时重新调度，所以可以规避僵死问题，但是要是不用cron而是后台守护进程方式运行，那就要必须解决这个问题才行了。

先说明一下，这个解决方案不是我原创的，是我拿来用的，根据具体业务做了修改。具体的原理我就不详细讲了，请看原文的链接

这个解决方案很靠谱，跑了n个月，没有重启过。先把代码贴上，大家参考。

#!/usr/bin/php -q
<?php
ini_set('display_errors',0);
print "Parent : ". getmypid() . "\n";


global $pids;
$pids = Array();


// Daemonize
$pid = pcntl_fork();
if($pid){
// Only the parent will know the PID. Kids aren't self-aware
// Parent says goodbye!
print "\tParent : " . getmypid() . " exiting\n";
exit();
}


print "Child : " . getmypid() . "\n";


// Handle signals so we can exit nicely
declare(ticks = 1);


function sig_handler($signo){
global $pids,$pidFileWritten;
if ($signo == SIGTERM || $signo == SIGHUP || $signo == SIGINT){
// If we are being restarted or killed, quit all children

// Send the same signal to the children which we recieved
foreach($pids as $p){ posix_kill($p,$signo); } 

// Women and Children first (let them exit)
foreach($pids as $p){ pcntl_waitpid($p,$status); }
print "Parent : "
.  getmypid()
. " all my kids should be gone now. Exiting.\n";
exit();
}
else if($signo == SIGUSR1){
print "I currently have " . count($pids) . " children\n";
}
}
// setup signal handlers to actually catch and direct the signals
pcntl_signal(SIGTERM, "sig_handler");
pcntl_signal(SIGHUP,  "sig_handler");
pcntl_signal(SIGINT, "sig_handler");
pcntl_signal(SIGUSR1, "sig_handler");


// All the daemon setup work is done now. Now do the actual tasks at hand


// The program to launch
$program = "/shell";
$arguments = array("myscript");


while(1){
// In a real world scenario we would do some sort of conditional launch.
// Maybe a condition in a DB is met, or whatever, here we're going to
// cap the number of concurrent grandchildren
if(count($pids) < 6){
$pid=pcntl_fork();
if(!$pid){
pcntl_exec($program,$arguments); // takes an array of arguments
exit();
} 
else {
// We add pids to a global array, so that when we get a kill signal
// we tell the kids to flush and exit.
$pids[] = $pid;
}
}

// Collect any children which have exited on their own. pcntl_waitpid will
// return the PID that exited or 0 or ERROR
// WNOHANG means we won't sit here waiting if there's not a child ready
// for us to reap immediately
// -1 means any child
$dead_and_gone = pcntl_waitpid(-1,$status,WNOHANG);
while($dead_and_gone > 0){
// Remove the gone pid from the array
unset($pids[array_search($dead_and_gone,$pids)]); 

// Look for another one
$dead_and_gone = pcntl_waitpid(-1,$status,WNOHANG);
}

// Sleep for 1 second
sleep(1);
}

不好意思，原文的链接找不到了，最近谷歌上不了，找个东西真是不方便，其他搜索引擎还不够给力啊，这是逼我们自己搞一个啊。加油