Java8新特性学习（二）- Optional类

背景

Optional是一个容器，用来管理一个对象。主要是用来解决null和NullPointerException问题。

Java7 -> Java8 Optional是如何简化你的代码

假设有一个Student类

@Data
public class Student {
   
    private String name;
    private Integer age;

    public Student() {
   
    }

    public Student(String name, Integer age) {
   
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
    }
}

举例一

    //java7
    private String getJava7UpperCaseStudentName(Student student) {
   
        if (student != null) {
   
            String name = student.getName();
            if (name != null) {
   
                return name.toUpperCase();
            }
        }
        return null;
    }

    //java8
    private String getJava8UpperCaseStudentName(Student student) {
   
        return Optional.ofNullable(student).map(Student::getName).map(String::toUpperCase).orElse(null);
    }

举例二

    @Test
    public void testOptionalOrElse() {
   
        Student origin = null;
        Student defaultStudent = new Student("default", -1);

        //java7
        Student java7Student = origin != null ? origin : defaultStudent;

        //java8
        Student java8Student = Optional.ofNullable(origin).orElse(defaultStudent);
        System.out.println("java7Student : " + java7Student);
        System