【DATAGUARD】DATAGUARD 与 静态监听

在Oracle DATAGUARD实验中必须要用到静态监听，否则很严重(例子前面创建dg的过程中有遇到)

静态监听指实例启动时读取listener.ora配置文件，将实例和服务注册到监听程序。无论何时启动一个数据库，默认都有两条信息注册到监听器中：实例和服务

SID_LIST_LISTENER =

(SID_LIST =

  (SID_DESC =

    (GLOBAL_DBNAME = Oranet)

    (SID_NAME = yangdb)

  )

)

LISTENER =

  (DESCRIPTION =

    (

      ADDRESS = (HOST = 172.18.85.21)(PROTOCOL = TCP)(PORT = 1521)

    )

  )

  

SID_LIST_LISTENER中：

GLOBAL_DBNAME表示向外提供的服务名，

SID_NAME是提供注册的实例

在tnsnames.ora文件中的CONNECT_DATA部分，可分别选择SERVICE_NAME=Oranet或SID=yangdb为客户端提供连接。

动态注册不需要显示的配置listener.ora文件，实例启动的时候，PMON进程根据instance_name,service_name参数将实例和服务动态注册到listerer中。如果没有设定instance_name，将使用db_name初始化参数值。如果没有设定service_names，将拼接db_name和db_domain参数值来注册监听。

在DATAGUARD架构中，我们需要将备库启动到mount状态，并应用主库的redo日志文件。因此，主库和备库要能相互监听到对方。在动态监听的情况下，如果实例没有启动到open状态，就无法通过网络将服务注册到数据库，而只有静态监听可以完成这个任务。让实例启动时读取listener.ora配置文件，将实例和服务注册到监听程序。

LSNRCTL> status

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=rac3)(PORT=1521)))

STATUS of the LISTENER

------------------------

Alias                     LISTENER

Version                   TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production

Start Date                08-SEP-2011 11:42:07

Uptime                    0 days 0 hr. 14 min. 1 sec

Trace Level               off

Security                  ON: Local OS Authentication

SNMP                      OFF

Listener Parameter File   /opt/oracle/11.2.0/yangdb/network/admin/listener.ora

Listener Log File         /opt/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/rac3/listener/alert/log.xml

Listening Endpoints Summary...

  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=rac3)(PORT=1521)))

Services Summary...

Service "yangdb" has 1 instance(s).

  Instance "yangdb", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...

Service "rac" has 1 instance(s).

  Instance "yangdb", status BLOCKED, has 1 handler(s) for this service...

The command completed successfully

如上面显示的blocked 状态！即阻塞状态，不能对外提供服务！

下面显示的是我配置的静态监听内容以及TNS文件内容，为listener.ora添加静态监听：

oracle@rac3:/opt/oracle/11.2.0/yangdb/network/admin>cat tnsnames.ora 

# tnsnames.ora Network Configuration File: /opt/oracle/11.2.0/yangdb/network/admin/tnsnames.ora

# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.

yangdb =

  (DESCRIPTION =

    (ADDRESS_LIST =

      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 10.250.7.241)(PORT = 1521))

    )

    (CONNECT_DATA =

      (SERVICE_NAME = yangdb)

    )

  )

rac =

  (DESCRIPTION =

    (ADDRESS_LIST =

      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 10.250.7.200)(PORT = 1521))

    )

    (CONNECT_DATA =

      (SERVICE_NAME = rac)

    )

  )

oracle@rac3:/opt/oracle/11.2.0/yangdb/network/admin>cat listener.ora 

# listener.ora Network Configuration File: /opt/oracle/11.2.0/yangdb/network/admin/listener.ora

# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.

SID_LIST_LISTENER =

 (SID_LIST =

  (SID_DESC =

   (SID_NAME = PLSExtProc)

    (ORACLE_HOME = /opt/oracle/11.2.0/yangdb)

    (PROGRAM = extproc)

  )

 (SID_DESC =

  (GLOBAL_DBNAME = yangdb)

    (ORACLE_HOME = /opt/oracle/11.2.0/yangdb)

  (SID_NAME = yangdb)

 )

)

LISTENER =

  (DESCRIPTION_LIST =

    (DESCRIPTION =

      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = rac3)(PORT = 1521))

    )

  )

ADR_BASE_LISTENER = /opt/oracle

oracle@rac3:/opt/oracle/11.2.0/yangdb/network/admin>lsnrctl reload

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on 09-SEP-2011 22:44:24

Copyright (c) 1991, 2009, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connecting to (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=)(PORT=1521))

The command completed successfully

oracle@rac3:/opt/oracle/11.2.0/yangdb/network/admin>lsnrctl status

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on 09-SEP-2011 22:44:33

Copyright (c) 1991, 2009, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connecting to (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=)(PORT=1521))

STATUS of the LISTENER

------------------------

Alias                     LISTENER

Version                   TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production

Start Date                08-SEP-2011 13:18:24

Uptime                    1 days 9 hr. 26 min. 9 sec

Trace Level               off

Security                  ON: Local OS Authentication

SNMP                      OFF

Listener Parameter File   /opt/oracle/11.2.0/yangdb/network/admin/listener.ora

Listener Log File         /opt/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/rac3/listener/alert/log.xml

Listening Endpoints Summary...

  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=rac3)(PORT=1521)))

Services Summary...

Service "PLSExtProc" has 1 instance(s).

  Instance "PLSExtProc", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...

Service "yangdb" has 2 instance(s).

  Instance "yangdb", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...

  Instance "yangdb", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...

The command completed successfully

oracle@rac3:/opt/oracle/11.2.0/yangdb/network/admin>

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