字符设备驱动

最新推荐文章于 2023-02-26 09:34:36 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2023-02-26 09:34:36 发布

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分类专栏：驱动开发文章标签：驱动开发

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/colortztzztzt/article/details/128040145

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字符设备驱动

1 代码

1.1 驱动代码

char_dev.c

#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/fs.h>
#include <linux/cdev.h>
#include <linux/uaccess.h>


#define BUFF_SIZE               128

//定义一个宏表示设备名字
#define dev_name "char_device_name"

//定义宏表示设备数量
#define dev_count (1)

//定义字符设备号(普通定义)
static dev_t dev_number;

//定义字符设备结构体
static struct cdev chr_dev;


//数据缓冲区
static char vbuf[BUFF_SIZE];
static int chr_dev_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *filp);
static int chr_dev_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *filp);
static ssize_t chr_dev_write(struct file *filp, const char __user * buf, size_t count, loff_t *ppos);
static ssize_t chr_dev_read(struct file *filp, char __user * buf, size_t count, loff_t *ppos);
static struct file_operations  chr_dev_fops = 
{
    .owner = THIS_MODULE,
    .open = chr_dev_open,
    .release = chr_dev_release,
    .write = chr_dev_write,
    .read = chr_dev_read,
};

static int chr_dev_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *filp)
{
    printk("\nopen\n");
    return 0;
}

static int chr_dev_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *filp)
{
    printk("\nrelease\n");
    return 0;
}

static ssize_t chr_dev_write(struct file *filp, const char __user * buf, size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
{
    unsigned long p = *ppos;
    int ret;
    int tmp = count ;
    if(p > BUFF_SIZE)
        return 0;
    if(tmp > BUFF_SIZE - p)
        tmp = BUFF_SIZE - p;
    ret = copy_from_user(vbuf, buf, tmp);
    *ppos += tmp;
    return tmp;
}

static ssize_t chr_dev_read(struct file *filp, char __user * buf, size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
{
    unsigned long p = *ppos;
    int ret;
    int tmp = count ;
    static int i = 0;
    i++;
    if(p >= BUFF_SIZE)
        return 0;
    if(tmp > BUFF_SIZE - p)
        tmp = BUFF_SIZE - p;
    ret = copy_to_user(buf, vbuf+p, tmp);
    *ppos +=tmp;
    return tmp;
}


static int __init char_device_init(void)
{
    int ret = 0;
    printk("char_device init sucess!\n");
    
    //采用动态分配的方式，获取主设备编号，次设备号为0，设备名称和设备数量
    //设备名称(char_device_name)可通过命令cat /proc/devices查看
   
    ret = alloc_chrdev_region(&dev_number, 0, dev_count, dev_name);
    if (ret < 0) {
        printk("fail to alloc devno\n");
        goto alloc_err;
    }

   
   //字符设备结构体cdev与文件操作结构体file_operations关联起来
    cdev_init(&chr_dev, &chr_dev_fops);

   
   //添加设备至cdev_map散列表中
    ret = cdev_add(&chr_dev, dev_number, dev_count);
    if (ret < 0) {
        printk("fail to add cdev\n");
        goto add_err;
    }
   
   return 0;

add_err:
   //添加设备失败时，注销设备号
   unregister_chrdev_region(dev_number, dev_count);

alloc_err:
   return ret;

}

static void __exit char_device_exit(void)
{

    printk("char_device exit!\n");
    //注销设备号
    unregister_chrdev_region(dev_number,dev_count);
    //将cdev结构体从内核中移除
    cdev_del(&chr_dev);

}


module_init(char_device_init);
module_exit(char_device_exit);
MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");

1.2 应用代码

chardev_test.c代码，用来测试驱动程序。

#include <stdio.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <string.h>

char *wbuf = "Hello World\n";
char rbuf[128];

int main(void)
{
   printf("My char_dev test\n");
   //打开文件
   int fd = open("/dev/chrdev", O_RDWR);
   //写入数据
   write(fd, wbuf, strlen(wbuf));
   //写入完毕，关闭文件
   close(fd);
   //打开文件
   fd = open("/dev/chrdev", O_RDWR);
   //读取文件内容
   read(fd, rbuf, 128);
   //打印读取的内容
   printf("The content : %s", rbuf);
   //读取完毕，关闭文件
   close(fd);
   
   return 0;
}

1.3 Makefile文件

#这里具体要根据当前文件和内核所在目录的位置设定
KERNEL_DIR=../ebf_linux_kernel/build_image/build

ARCH=arm
CROSS_COMPILE=arm-linux-gnueabihf-
export  ARCH  CROSS_COMPILE

obj-m := chrdev.o
out =  chrdev_test

all:
	$(MAKE) -C $(KERNEL_DIR) M=$(CURDIR) modules
	$(CROSS_COMPILE)gcc -o $(out) chrdev_test.c

.PHONY:clean
clean:
	$(MAKE) -C $(KERNEL_DIR) M=$(CURDIR) clean
	rm $(out)