java中还提供了可以返回值的线程池,例子如下:
import java.util.concurrent.Callable;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
import java.util.concurrent.Future;
public class CallableAndFuture {
/**
* @param args
*/
public static void main(String[] args) {
ExecutorService threadPool = Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor();
Future<String> future = threadPool.submit(new Callable<String>(){
@Override
public String call() throws Exception {
Thread.sleep(3000);
return "future";
}
});
try {
System.out.println("waiting...");
System.out.println(future.get());
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (ExecutionException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
future.get()结果出来之前,要等待一会
future.get(300, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);然而这个如果在规定的时间内没有完成,则停止,并且跑出超时异常
还有需要注意的地方,Callable中的泛型和call方法的类型一直,并且还要和Future的泛型类型一致。
下面的例子是,可以返回多个Future对象
//创建线程池
ExecutorService pool = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(10);
//创建CompletionService实例
CompletionService<Integer> completionService = new ExecutorCompletionService<Integer>(pool);
//提交任务
for(int i = 0;i < 10; i++){
final int index = i;
completionService.submit(new Callable<Integer>(){
@Override
public Integer call() throws Exception {
return index;
}
});
}
//获得结果
for(int i = 0;i<10;i++){
try {
Future<Integer> future2 = completionService.take();
System.out.println(future2.get());
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (ExecutionException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
困惑:不知道用在什么地方,业务需求没有碰到过这种情况