python安装更新和pip安装使用阿里源及yum问题解决

centos 7 python版本更新

原版本2.7.5 更新版本2.7.13
注：由于linux自带的python，系统对其有一定的依赖，因此建议保留原来的版本；常常出现的是yum功能问题；另 centos 7版本可以使用yum安装的方式进行pip安装，比手动安装更快捷方便

1.安装依赖包

yum -y install gcc
yum install -y zlib-devel bzip2-devel openssl-devel ncurses-devel

2.包下载：
wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/2.7.13/Python-2.7.13.tgz

3.解压：

tar -zxvf Python-2.7.13.tgz

4.创建安装目录：

mkdir /usr/local/python2.7.13

5.切换目录：

cd Python-2.7.13

6.编译

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/python2.7.13

结果：

done
checking for ensurepip... no
configure: creating ./config.status
config.status: creating Makefile.pre
config.status: creating Modules/Setup.config
config.status: creating Misc/python.pc
config.status: creating Modules/ld_so_aix
config.status: creating pyconfig.h
creating Modules/Setup
creating Modules/Setup.local
creating Makefile


If you want a release build with all optimizations active (LTO, PGO, etc),
please run ./configure --enable-optimizations

please run ./configure –enable-optimizations （这一句可不执行）

7.安装：

make && make install

结果：

rm -f /usr/local/python2.7.13/share/man/man1/python.1
(cd /usr/local/python2.7.13/share/man/man1; ln -s python2.1 python.1)
if test "xno" != "xno"  ; then \
        case no in \
                upgrade) ensurepip="--upgrade" ;; \
                install|*) ensurepip="" ;; \