Since常见的四种用法
1) since +过去一个时间点 (如具体的年、月、日期、钟点、1980, last month, half past six)。
I have been here since 1989.
2) since +一段时间+ ago
I have been here since five months ago.
3) since +从句
Great changes have taken place since you left.
Considerable time has elapsed since we have been here.
4) It is +一段时间+ since从句
It is two years since I became a postgraduate student.
Since用法详解:
我们都知道since的用法主要有两点:一是表示“自从……以来”,二是表示“既然”之意。但如果只了解词的含义而不了解其用法,在使用时就会造成错误。例如:I have not heard from him since I lived in Shanghai. 不少人会望文生义,将该句理解为:“自从我住在上海以来,就再也没有收到他的信。”而实际上这个句子的含义并非如此,那么正确的理解是什么呢?让我们先来看看since作连词引导时间状语从句的用法。
一、若since引导的状语从句的谓语动词是 终止性动词的过去时,则从句表示的时间是“ 从动作开始的那一时刻起”, 这是最常见的一种用法。如:
He has studied very hard since he came to our school.
自从他来到我们学校,学习就非常努力。
二、若since引导的状语从句的谓语动词是 持续性动词或表示状态的动词的过去时,则从句表示的时间是“从那个持续动作或状态 结束时算起”。如:
John is now with his parents in New York; it is already three years since he was a teacher.
约翰现在和父母一起住在纽约,他不当教师已经三年了。
本文开始出现的那个句子就可以译为“自从我离开上海,就再也没有收到他的信。”这种句型常被人们误解,我们再多举几个例子看看:
It is half a month since he was a League member.
他退团半个月了。
It”s been quite some time since I was in London.
我离开伦敦已很长时间了。
比较:He has written to me frequently since I was ill.
自从我病愈以来,他经常给我写信。
(从句谓语为状态动词)
He has written to me frequently since I fell ill.
自从我生病以来,他就经常给我写信。
(从句谓语为终止性动词)
三、若since引导的状语从句的谓语为 持续性动词的现在完成时,则表示动作和状态延续到现在(说话时刻),其表示的时间的起点应从 动作发生之时算起。如:
I haven”t heard from him since he has lived there。
自从他住在那儿起,我就一直没收到他的来信。
这里has lived表示动作的持续性,时间的起点应从“开始居住”时算起。
Since we have owned a car, we have gone camping every year。 自从我们自己有了汽车,我们每年都去野营。
试比较: Since I”ve been at this school, we have had three headmasters.
自从我到这所学校,我们已换了三个校长了。
Since I was at this school, they have had three headmasters.
自从我离开这所学校,他们已换了三个校长了。
由此可见,since引导的从句中,持续动词的一般过去时和现在完成时所表示的意思恰好相反。换言之,前者以肯定的语法形式反映着否定的逻辑内容,而后者的形式与内容是一致的。
It is + 一段时间 + since ... 这个句型与It has been + 一段时间 + since ... 意思相同。如:
It is ten years / It has been ten years since they last met.
自从他们上次碰面之后已经10年过去了。
1) since +过去一个时间点 (如具体的年、月、日期、钟点、1980, last month, half past six)。
I have been here since 1989.
2) since +一段时间+ ago
I have been here since five months ago.
3) since +从句
Great changes have taken place since you left.
Considerable time has elapsed since we have been here.
4) It is +一段时间+ since从句
It is two years since I became a postgraduate student.
Since用法详解:
我们都知道since的用法主要有两点:一是表示“自从……以来”,二是表示“既然”之意。但如果只了解词的含义而不了解其用法,在使用时就会造成错误。例如:I have not heard from him since I lived in Shanghai. 不少人会望文生义,将该句理解为:“自从我住在上海以来,就再也没有收到他的信。”而实际上这个句子的含义并非如此,那么正确的理解是什么呢?让我们先来看看since作连词引导时间状语从句的用法。
一、若since引导的状语从句的谓语动词是 终止性动词的过去时,则从句表示的时间是“ 从动作开始的那一时刻起”, 这是最常见的一种用法。如:
He has studied very hard since he came to our school.
自从他来到我们学校,学习就非常努力。
二、若since引导的状语从句的谓语动词是 持续性动词或表示状态的动词的过去时,则从句表示的时间是“从那个持续动作或状态 结束时算起”。如:
John is now with his parents in New York; it is already three years since he was a teacher.
约翰现在和父母一起住在纽约,他不当教师已经三年了。
本文开始出现的那个句子就可以译为“自从我离开上海,就再也没有收到他的信。”这种句型常被人们误解,我们再多举几个例子看看:
It is half a month since he was a League member.
他退团半个月了。
It”s been quite some time since I was in London.
我离开伦敦已很长时间了。
比较:He has written to me frequently since I was ill.
自从我病愈以来,他经常给我写信。
(从句谓语为状态动词)
He has written to me frequently since I fell ill.
自从我生病以来,他就经常给我写信。
(从句谓语为终止性动词)
三、若since引导的状语从句的谓语为 持续性动词的现在完成时,则表示动作和状态延续到现在(说话时刻),其表示的时间的起点应从 动作发生之时算起。如:
I haven”t heard from him since he has lived there。
自从他住在那儿起,我就一直没收到他的来信。
这里has lived表示动作的持续性,时间的起点应从“开始居住”时算起。
Since we have owned a car, we have gone camping every year。 自从我们自己有了汽车,我们每年都去野营。
试比较: Since I”ve been at this school, we have had three headmasters.
自从我到这所学校,我们已换了三个校长了。
Since I was at this school, they have had three headmasters.
自从我离开这所学校,他们已换了三个校长了。
由此可见,since引导的从句中,持续动词的一般过去时和现在完成时所表示的意思恰好相反。换言之,前者以肯定的语法形式反映着否定的逻辑内容,而后者的形式与内容是一致的。
It is + 一段时间 + since ... 这个句型与It has been + 一段时间 + since ... 意思相同。如:
It is ten years / It has been ten years since they last met.
自从他们上次碰面之后已经10年过去了。
来自 “ ITPUB博客 ” ,链接:http://blog.itpub.net/21993926/viewspace-681631/,如需转载,请注明出处,否则将追究法律责任。
转载于:http://blog.itpub.net/21993926/viewspace-681631/