Oracle调优相关的各种命中率、使用率汇总
http://www.ecdoer.com/post/oracle-radio.htmlLibrary Cache的命中率
计算公式:Library Cache Hit Ratio = sum(pinhits) / sum(pins)
SELECT SUM(pinhits) / sum(pins) FROM V$LIBRARYCACHE;
通常在98%以上,否则,需要要考虑加大共享池,绑定变量,修改cursor_sharing等参数。
共享池内存使用率
SELECT (1 - ROUND(BYTES / (&TSP_IN_M * 1024 * 1024), 2)) * 100 || '%'
FROM V$SGASTAT
WHERE NAME = 'free memory'
AND POOL = 'shared pool';
其中: &TSP_IN_M是你的总的共享池的SIZE(M)
共享池内存使用率,应该稳定在75%-90%间,太小浪费内存,太大则内存不足。
查询空闲的共享池内存:
SELECT * FROM V$SGASTAT
WHERE NAME = 'free memory'
AND POOL = 'shared pool';
db buffer cache命中率
计算公式:Hit ratio = 1 - [physical reads/(block gets + consistent gets)]
SELECT NAME,
PHYSICAL_READS,
DB_BLOCK_GETS,
CONSISTENT_GETS,
1 - (PHYSICAL_READS / (DB_BLOCK_GETS + CONSISTENT_GETS)) "Hit Ratio"
FROM V$BUFFER_POOL_STATISTICS
WHERE NAME = 'DEFAULT';
通常应在90%以上,否则,需要调整,加大DB_CACHE_SIZE。
另外一种计算命中率的方法:
命中率的计算公式为:
Hit Ratio = 1 - ((physical reads - physical reads direct - physical reads direct (lob)) / (db block gets+ consistent gets - physical reads direct - physical reads direct (lob))
分别代入上一查询中的结果值,就得出了Buffer cache的命中率
SELECT NAME, VALUE
FROM V$SYSSTAT
WHERE NAME IN ('session logical reads',
'physical reads',
'physical reads direct',
'physical reads direct (lob)',
'db block gets',
'consistent gets');
数据缓冲区命中率
select value from v$sysstat where name ='physical reads';
select value from v$sysstat where name ='physical reads direct';
select value from v$sysstat where name ='physical reads direct (lob)';
select value from v$sysstat where name ='consistent gets';
select value from v$sysstat where name = 'db block gets';
这里命中率的计算应该是令 x = physical reads direct + physical reads direct (lob)
命中率 =100 - ( physical reads - x) / (consistent gets + db block gets - x)*100
通常如果发现命中率低于90%,则应该调整应用可可以考虑是否增大数据缓冲区
共享池的命中率
select sum(pinhits - reloads) / sum(pins) * 100 "hit radio" from v$librarycache;
假如共享池的命中率低于95%,就要考虑调整应用(通常是没使用bind var )或者增加内存
CPU消耗
计算CPU消耗首先要借助Linux的TOP命令寻找CPU使用量高的session,找到高占用的PID。然后借助v$process的addr字段跟v$session的paddr找到sql_id、hash_value,然后结合v$sqltext然后找相应的SQL语句,找到之后分析执行计划,进行相应调优。
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