听不止一个人说起,学技术就要不断地折腾、搞破坏,比如说备份恢复,你就可以尝试删文件,不管是日志文件、临时文件、数据文件还是system文件。删了之后,重启数据库肯定报错,有的甚至当时数据库就挂掉,这样你就可以学着恢复,一破一立之间,很多常规的备份恢复手段也就算是领教了。我今天就尝试着把虚拟机上的一个重做日志文件组删除。
1.环境准备
我们在Oracle11g中进行测试,数据库处于非归档状态。
点击(此处)折叠或打开
- SQL>
-
- SQL> select * from v$version;
-
-
-
- BANNER
-
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
- Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production
-
- PL/SQL Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production
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- CORE 11.2.0.3.0 Production
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- TNS for Linux: Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production
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- NLSRTL Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production
-
-
-
- SQL>
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- SQL> archive log list;
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- Database log mode No Archive Mode
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- Automatic archival Disabled
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- Archive destination /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/arch
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- Oldest online log sequence 9
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- Current log sequence 11
-
- SQL>
2.删除一个重做日志文件组,重启数据库报错
首先,通过查询v$log视图来获取数据库
重做日志文件组的状态。
然后,通过ls命令查看数据文件,删除第一个
重做日志文件组(该文件组只有一个日志成员)。
重启数据库,数据库报错。
点击(此处)折叠或打开
- SQL> select GROUP#,MEMBERS,ARCHIVED,STATUS from v$log;
-
-
-
- GROUP# MEMBERS ARC STATUS
-
- ---------- ---------- --- ----------------
-
- 1 1 NO INACTIVE
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- 2 1 NO CURRENT
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- 3 1 NO INACTIVE
-
-
-
- SQL>
点击(此处)折叠或打开
- [oracle@ hoegh HOEGH]$ ls
-
- control01.ctl redo01.log sysaux01.dbf undotbs01.dbf
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- control02.ctl redo02.log system01.dbf users01.dbf
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- example01.dbf redo03.log temp01.dbf
-
- [oracle@hoegh HOEGH]$
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- [oracle@hoegh HOEGH]$
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- [oracle@hoegh HOEGH]$ rm redo01.log
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- [oracle@hoegh HOEGH]$ ls
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- control01.ctl control02.ctl example01.dbf redo02.log redo03.log sysaux01.dbf system01.dbf temp01.dbf undotbs01.dbf users01.dbf
点击(此处)折叠或打开
- SQL>
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- SQL> shu immediate
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- Database closed.
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- Database dismounted.
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- ORACLE instance shut down.
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- SQL> startup
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- ORACLE instance started.
-
-
-
- Total System Global Area 941600768 bytes
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- Fixed Size 1348860 bytes
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- Variable Size 515902212 bytes
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- Database Buffers 419430400 bytes
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- Redo Buffers 4919296 bytes
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- Database mounted.
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- ORA-03113: end-of-file on communication channel
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- Process ID: 5196
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- Session ID: 125 Serial number: 5
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-
-
-
-
- SQL>
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- SQL> select status from v$instance;
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- ERROR:
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- ORA-03114: not connected to ORACLE
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-
-
-
-
- SQL>
3.查看报警日志文件,定位问题
ORA-03113报错是一个非常经典的报错,报错原因多种多样,从报错信息中并看不出是什么原因导致的报错,我们可以到报警日志文件中查看有价值的线索。
其中,黄色标注部分为关键信息,我们知道“
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/HOEGH/redo01.log”这个文件找不到了。
其中,
点击(此处)折叠或打开
- [oracle@enmoedu1 trace]$ tail -40 alert_HOEGH.log
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- Wed Jul 08 21:59:30 2015
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- MMON started with pid=15, OS id=5443
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- Wed Jul 08 21:59:30 2015
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- MMNL started with pid=16, OS id=5445
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- starting up 1 dispatcher(s) for network address \'(ADDRESS=(PARTIAL=YES)(PROTOCOL=TCP))\'...
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- starting up 1 shared server(s) ...
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- ORACLE_BASE from environment = /u01/app/oracle
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- Wed Jul 08 21:59:39 2015
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- alter database mount
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- Wed Jul 08 21:59:43 2015
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- Successful mount of redo thread 1, with mount id 2105928075
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- Database mounted in Exclusive Mode
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- Lost write protection disabled
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- Completed: alter database mount
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- Wed Jul 08 22:11:45 2015
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- Time drift detected. Please check VKTM trace file for more details.
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- Wed Jul 08 22:11:59 2015
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- alter database open
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- Wed Jul 08 22:11:59 2015
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- Errors in file /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/HOEGH/HOEGH/trace/HOEGH_lgwr_5435.trc:
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- ORA-00313: open failed for members of log group 1 of thread 1
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- ORA-00312: online log 1 thread 1: \'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/HOEGH/redo01.log\'
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- ORA-27037: unable to obtain file status
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- Linux Error: 2: No such file or directory
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- Additional information: 3
-
- Errors in file /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/HOEGH/HOEGH/trace/HOEGH_lgwr_5435.trc:
-
- ORA-00313: open failed for members of log group 1 of thread 1
-
- ORA-00312: online log 1 thread 1: \'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/HOEGH/redo01.log\'
-
- ORA-27037: unable to obtain file status
-
- Linux Error: 2: No such file or directory
-
- Additional information: 3
-
- Errors in file /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/HOEGH/HOEGH/trace/HOEGH_ora_5451.trc:
-
- ORA-00313: open failed for members of log group 1 of thread
-
- ORA-00312: online log 1 thread 1: \'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/HOEGH/redo01.log\'
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- USER (ospid: 5451): terminating the instance due to error 313
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- Wed Jul 08 22:12:00 2015
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- System state dump requested by (instance=1, osid=5451), summary=[abnormal instance termination].
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- System State dumped to trace file /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/HOEGH/HOEGH/trace/HOEGH_diag_5425.trc
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- Dumping diagnostic data in directory=[cdmp_20150708221200], requested by (instance=1, osid=5451), summary=[abnormal instance termination].
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- Instance terminated by USER, pid = 5451
4.启动数据库到mount状态,重建重做日志文件组
从报警日志可以看出,第一组
重做日志文件组丢了,我们可以通过sql语句“
alter database
clear logfile group 1;”重建日志文件组;确认日志文件创建成功后,将数据库切换到open状态。
此时我们再次查看文件列表,结果如下。
为了确保新建的日志文件组可用,我们可以手动切换日志文件组,改变新建日志文件组的状态(由
UNUSED改为其他)。
点击(此处)折叠或打开
- SQL> startup nomount
-
- ORACLE instance started.
-
-
-
- Total System Global Area 941600768 bytes
-
- Fixed Size 1348860 bytes
-
- Variable Size 515902212 bytes
-
- Database Buffers 419430400 bytes
-
- Redo Buffers 4919296 bytes
-
- SQL> alter database mount;
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-
-
- Database altered.
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-
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- SQL> select group#,sequence#,archived,status from v$log;
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-
-
- GROUP# SEQUENCE# ARC STATUS
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- ---------- ---------- --- ----------------
-
- 1 7 NO INACTIVE
-
- 3 6 NO INACTIVE
-
- 2 8 NO CURRENT
-
-
-
- SQL>
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- SQL>
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- SQL>
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- SQL>
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- SQL> alter database clear logfile group 1;
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-
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- Database altered.
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-
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- SQL> select group#,sequence#,archived,status from v$log;
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-
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- GROUP# SEQUENCE# ARC STATUS
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- ---------- ---------- --- ----------------
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- 1 0 NO UNUSED
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- 3 6 NO INACTIVE
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- 2 8 NO CURRENT
-
-
-
-
-
- 启动数据库到open状态
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- SQL>
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- SQL> alter database open;
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-
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- Database altered.
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-
-
- SQL>
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- SQL> select group#,sequence#,archived,status from v$log;
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-
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- GROUP# SEQUENCE# ARC STATUS
-
- ---------- ---------- --- ----------------
-
- 1 0 NO UNUSED
-
- 2 8 NO CURRENT
-
- 3 6 NO INACTIVE
点击(此处)折叠或打开
- [oracle@hoegh HOEGH]$ ls
-
- control01.ctl control02.ctl example01.dbf redo01.log redo02.log redo03.log sysaux01.dbf system01.dbf temp01.dbf undotbs01.dbf users01.dbf
-
- [oracle@hoegh HOEGH]$
5.手动切换重做日志文件组
点击(此处)折叠或打开
- SQL>
-
- SQL> alter system switch logfile;
-
-
-
- System altered.
-
-
-
- SQL> select group#,sequence#,archived,status from v$log;
-
-
-
- GROUP# SEQUENCE# ARC STATUS
-
- ---------- ---------- --- ----------------
-
- 1 9 NO CURRENT
-
- 2 8 NO ACTIVE
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- 3 6 NO INACTIVE
-
-
-
- SQL> alter system switch logfile;
-
-
-
- System altered.
-
-
-
- SQL> select group#,sequence#,archived,status from v$log;
-
-
-
- GROUP# SEQUENCE# ARC STATUS
-
- ---------- ---------- --- ----------------
-
- 1 9 NO ACTIVE
-
- 2 8 NO ACTIVE
-
- 3 10 NO CURRENT
-
-
-
- SQL> alter system switch logfile;
-
-
-
- System altered.
-
-
-
- SQL> select group#,sequence#,archived,status from v$log;
-
-
-
- GROUP# SEQUENCE# ARC STATUS
-
- ---------- ---------- --- ----------------
-
- 1 9 NO INACTIVE
-
- 2 11 NO CURRENT
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- 3 10 NO INACTIVE
-
-
-
- SQL>
current:表示该日志组为当前日志组,oracle正在使用该日志组;
active:当current redo组发生日志切换时,状态会改变为active,在这个状态下,如果
数据库为归档模式,archive进程会归档active日志组;如果发生数据库crash,该日志组也是实例恢复必需的日志组;
inactive:当active日志组归档完毕并且oracle判断不需要进行实例恢复时,会将其状态修改为inactive,等待下一轮的使用;所以当日志组为inactive的时候,如果数据库为归档模式.那么日志肯定是归档完成了。
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转载于:http://blog.itpub.net/30162081/viewspace-1727538/