前言：Flashback 技术之外，Oracle 还提供了其他很多有用的恢复工具和方法，本次针对Logminer, DBPITR, TSPITR做一个总结。
//=============================================================
//Point-in-Time Recovery to an Ancestor Incarnation
//=============================================================
To perform. point-in-time recovery to the older incarnation, use the following steps:
1. Determine which incarnation was current at the time of the backup of 2 October.
Use LISTINCARNATION to find the primary key of the incarnation that was
current at the target time:
LIST INCARNATION OF DATABASE trgt;
2. Make sure the database is started but not mounted.
STARTUP FORCE NOMOUNT
3. Reset trgt to the incarnation that was current at the time of the backup of 2
October. Use the value from the Inc Key column to identify the incarnation.
# reset database to old incarnation
RESET DATABASE TO INCARNATION 2;
4. Restore and recover the database, performing the following actions in the RUN
command:
RUN
{
# set target time for all operations in the RUN block
SET UNTIL TIME 'Oct 8 2004 07:55:00';
RESTORE CONTROLFILE ;
# without recovery catalog, use RESTORE CONTROLFILE FROM AUTOBACKUP
ALTER DATABASE MOUNT;
RESTORE DATABASE;
RECOVER DATABASE;
}
5.ALTER DATABASE OPEN RESETLOGS;
//接着我上次Flashback database to undo resetlogs的例子，我本想回到 incarnation 1的SCN=294578078的时候（在FLASHBACK DATABASE那个例子的开始），那个时候是刚刚delete了'Hangzhou'那条记录，只剩下'Beijing'和'Shanghai'。
//可是，苍天啊，我竟然把我之前的所有backup全删除了！！！
做Database Point In Time Recovery,没有备份集，怎么做哦...无奈，只好纪录过程，搞清楚原理，以后碰到也好有个参考~~~
PS:在current incarnation做DBPITR就很简单了：
1.
SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE;
STARTUP MOUNT;
2.
RUN
{
SET UNTIL SCN 1000;
# Alternatives:
# SET UNTIL TIME 'Nov 15 2004 09:00:00';
# SET UNTIL SEQUENCE 9923;
RESTORE DATABASE;
RECOVER DATABASE;
}
3.
ALTER DATABASE OPEN RESETLOGS;
//===========================================================
//Tablespace point in time recovery.
//===========================================================
You have a few different options available to you:
■ Fully automated TSPITR--in which you specify an auxiliary destination and let
RMAN manage all aspects of the TSPITR. This is the simplest way to perform
TSPITR, and is recommended unless you specifically need more control over the location of recovery set files after TSPITR or auxiliary set files during TSPITR, or control over the channel configurations or some other aspect of your auxiliary
instance.
■ Customized TSPITR with an automatic auxiliary instance--in which you base
your TSPITR on the behavior. of fully automated TSPITR, possibly still using an
auxiliary destination, but customize one or more aspects of the behavior, such as the location of auxiliary set or recovery set files, or specifying initialization
parameters or channel configurations for the auxiliary instance created and
managed by RMAN.
■ TSPITR with your own auxiliary instance--in which you take responsibility for
setting up, starting, stopping and cleaning up the auxiliary instance used in
TSPITR, and possibly also manage the TSPITR process using some of the methods.
//Fully automated TSPITR -- recommended(我只测试了这一种)~~~
Microsoft Windows XP [Version 5.1.2600]
(C) Copyright 1985-2001 Microsoft Corp.
C:\Documents and Settings\p485224>set oracle_sid=ora10gbr
C:\Documents and Settings\p485224>sqlplus
SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Thu Apr 24 12:33:43 2008
Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Enter user-name: sys as sysdba
Enter password:
Connected to:
Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options
SQL> archive log list;
Database log mode Archive Mode
Automatic archival Enabled
Archive destination USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST
Oldest online log sequence 20
Next log sequence to archive 22
Current log sequence 22
SQL>
SQL> set linesize 200
SQL> select * from v$log;
GROUP# THREAD# SEQUENCE# BYTES MEMBERS ARC STATUS FIRST_CHANGE# FIRST_TIME
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- --- ---------------- ------------- ------------
1 1 22 52428800 1 NO CURRENT 534000 24-APR-08
2 1 20 52428800 1 YES INACTIVE 429836 22-APR-08
3 1 21 52428800 1 YES INACTIVE 483703 23-APR-08
SQL>
SQL> conn john/john
Connected.
SQL> select table_name from user_tables;
TABLE_NAME
------------------------------
NAMELIST
TESTVERSION
TESTBIN
SQL> create table tspitr (id number(10),
2 name varchar2(20));
Table created.
SQL> insert into tspitr values ('1', 'John');
1 row created.
SQL> insert into tspitr values ('2','Gavin');
1 row created.
SQL> commit;
Commit complete.
SQL> alter system switch logfile;
System altered.
SQL>
SQL> select * from v$log;
GROUP# THREAD# SEQUENCE# BYTES MEMBERS ARC STATUS FIRST_CHANGE# FIRST_TIME
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- --- ---------------- ------------- ------------
1 1 22 52428800 1 YES ACTIVE 534000 24-APR-08
2 1 23 52428800 1 NO CURRENT 553204 24-APR-08
3 1 21 52428800 1 YES INACTIVE 483703 23-APR-08
SQL> insert into tspitr values ('3','Jack');
1 row created.
SQL> commit;
Commit complete.
SQL> alter system switch logfile;
System altered.
SQL> show user;
USER is "JOHN"
SQL> select * from v$log;
GROUP# THREAD# SEQUENCE# BYTES MEMBERS ARC STATUS FIRST_CHANGE# FIRST_TIME
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- --- ---------------- ------------- ------------
1 1 22 52428800 1 YES ACTIVE 534000 24-APR-08
2 1 23 52428800 1 YES ACTIVE 553204 24-APR-08
3 1 24 52428800 1 NO CURRENT 553282 24-APR-08
SQL>
SQL> select * from v$log;
GROUP# THREAD# SEQUENCE# BYTES MEMBERS ARC STATUS FIRST_CHANGE# FIRST_TIME
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- --- ---------------- ------------- ------------
1 1 22 52428800 1 YES INACTIVE 534000 24-APR-08
2 1 23 52428800 1 YES INACTIVE 553204 24-APR-08
3 1 24 52428800 1 NO CURRENT 553282 24-APR-08
SQL> archive log list;
ORA-01031: insufficient privileges
SQL> conn sys/oracle as sysdba
Connected.
SQL> archive log list;
Database log mode Archive Mode
Automatic archival Enabled
Archive destination USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST
Oldest online log sequence 22
Next log sequence to archive 24
Current log sequence 24
SQL>
SQL> conn john/john
Connected.
SQL>
SQL> insert into tspitr values (4,'Jeff');
1 row created.
SQL> commit;
Commit complete.
SQL> alter system switch logfile; //After this action, log 25 becomes current.
System altered.
SQL> select * from v$log;
GROUP# THREAD# SEQUENCE# BYTES MEMBERS ARC STATUS FIRST_CHANGE# FIRST_TIME
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- --- ---------------- ------------- ------------
1 1 25 52428800 1 NO CURRENT 554286 24-APR-08
2 1 23 52428800 1 YES INACTIVE 553204 24-APR-08
3 1 24 52428800 1 YES ACTIVE 553282 24-APR-08
SQL>
RMAN> recover tablespace users until sequence 24 thread 1 auxiliary
//汗，其实整个过程也就这一句话...
destination 'D:\ora_bak\RMAN\auxiliary';
Starting recover at 24-APR-08
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=139 devtype=DISK
RMAN-05026: WARNING: presuming following set of tablespaces applies to specified point in time
List of tablespaces expected to have UNDO segments
tablespace SYSTEM
tablespace UNDOTBS1
Creating automatic instance, with SID='Eetc'
initialization parameters used for automatic instance:
db_name=ORA10GBR
compatible=10.2.0.1.0
db_block_size=8192
db_files=200
db_unique_name=tspitr_ORA10GBR_Eetc
large_pool_size=1M
shared_pool_size=110M
#No auxiliary parameter file used
db_create_file_dest=D:\ora_bak\RMAN\auxiliary
control_files=D:\ora_bak\RMAN\auxiliary/cntrl_tspitr_ORA10GBR_Eetc.f
starting up automatic instance ORA10GBR
Oracle instance started
Total System Global Area 205520896 bytes
Fixed Size 1248092 bytes
Variable Size 146801828 bytes
Database Buffers 50331648 bytes
Redo Buffers 7139328 bytes
Automatic instance created
contents of Memory Script.:
{
# set the until clause
set until logseq 24 thread 1;
# restore the controlfile
restore clone controlfile;
# mount the controlfile
sql clone 'alter database mount clone database';
# archive current online log for tspitr to a resent until time
sql 'alter system archive log current';
# avoid unnecessary autobackups for structural changes during TSPITR
sql 'begin dbms_backup_restore.AutoBackupFlag(FALSE); end;';
}
executing Memory Script
executing command: SET until clause
Starting restore at 24-APR-08
allocated channel: ORA_AUX_DISK_1
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: sid=37 devtype=DISK
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting datafile backupset restore
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring control file
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: reading from backup piece D:\OPT\FLASH_RECOVERY_AREA\ORA10GBR\AUTOBACKUP\2008_04_21\O1_MF_S_652637113_40RLQX02_.BKP
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
piece handle=D:\OPT\FLASH_RECOVERY_AREA\ORA10GBR\AUTOBACKUP\2008_04_21\O1_MF_S_652637113_40RLQX02_.BKP tag=TAG20080421T160620
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:02
output filename=D:\ORA_BAK\RMAN\AUXILIARY\CNTRL_TSPITR_ORA10GBR_EETC.F
Finished restore at 24-APR-08
sql statement: alter database mount clone database
sql statement: alter system archive log current
sql statement: begin dbms_backup_restore.AutoBackupFlag(FALSE); end;
released channel: ORA_DISK_1
released channel: ORA_AUX_DISK_1
contents of Memory Script.:
{
# generated tablespace point-in-time recovery script
# set the until clause
set until logseq 24 thread 1;
plsql <<declare
sqlstatement varchar2(512);
offline_not_needed exception;
pragma exception_init(offline_not_needed, -01539);
begin
sqlstatement := 'alter tablespace '|| 'USERS' ||' offline for recover';
krmicd.writeMsg(6162, sqlstatement);
krmicd.execSql(sqlstatement);
exception
when offline_not_needed then
null;
end; >>>;
# set an omf destination filename for restore
set newname for clone datafile 1 to new;
# set an omf destination filename for restore
set newname for clone datafile 2 to new;
# set an omf destination tempfile
set newname for clone tempfile 1 to new;
# set a destination filename for restore
set newname for datafile 4 to
"D:\OPT\ORADATA\ORA10GBR\USERS01.DBF";
# rename all tempfiles
switch clone tempfile all;
# restore the tablespaces in the recovery set plus the auxilliary tablespaces
restore clone datafile 1, 2, 4;
switch clone datafile all;
#online the datafiles restored or flipped
sql clone "alter database datafile 1 online";
#online the datafiles restored or flipped
sql clone "alter database datafile 2 online";
#online the datafiles restored or flipped
sql clone "alter database datafile 4 online";
# make the controlfile point at the restored datafiles, then recover them
recover clone database tablespace "USERS", "SYSTEM", "UNDOTBS1" delete archivelog;
alter clone database open resetlogs;
# PLUG HERE the creation of a temporary tablespace if export fails due to lack
# of temporary space.
# For example in Unix these two lines would do that:
#sql clone "create tablespace aux_tspitr_tmp
# datafile ''/tmp/aux_tspitr_tmp.dbf'' size 500K";
}
executing Memory Script
executing command: SET until clause
sql statement: alter tablespace USERS offline for recover
executing command: SET NEWNAME
executing command: SET NEWNAME
executing command: SET NEWNAME
executing command: SET NEWNAME
renamed temporary file 1 to D:\ORA_BAK\RMAN\AUXILIARY\TSPITR_O\DATAFILE\O1_MF_TEMP_%U_.TMP in control file
Starting restore at 24-APR-08
allocated channel: ORA_AUX_DISK_1
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: sid=39 devtype=DISK
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00001
input datafile copy recid=1 stamp=652466762 filename=D:\OPT\FLASH_RECOVERY_AREA\ORA10GBR\BACKUPSET\2008_04_19\SYSTEM01.DBF
destination for restore of datafile 00001: D:\ORA_BAK\RMAN\AUXILIARY\TSPITR_O\DATAFILE\O1_MF_SYSTEM_%U_.DBF
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: copied datafile copy of datafile 00001
output filename=D:\ORA_BAK\RMAN\AUXILIARY\TSPITR_O\DATAFILE\O1_MF_SYSTEM_4107YX6H_.DBF recid=3 stamp=652888297
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting datafile backupset restore
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
restoring datafile 00002 to D:\ORA_BAK\RMAN\AUXILIARY\TSPITR_O\DATAFILE\O1_MF_UNDOTBS1_%U_.DBF
restoring datafile 00004 to D:\OPT\ORADATA\ORA10GBR\USERS01.DBF
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: reading from backup piece D:\OPT\FLASH_RECOVERY_AREA\ORA10GBR\BACKUPSET\2008_04_19\O1_MF_NNNDF_TAG20080419T163947_40MCYMW5_.BKP
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
piece handle=D:\OPT\FLASH_RECOVERY_AREA\ORA10GBR\BACKUPSET\2008_04_19\O1_MF_NNNDF_TAG20080419T163947_40MCYMW5_.BKP tag=TAG20080419T163947
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:16
Finished restore at 24-APR-08
datafile 1 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy recid=6 stamp=652888316 filename=D:\ORA_BAK\RMAN\AUXILIARY\TSPITR_O\DATAFILE\O1_MF_SYSTEM_4107YX6H_.DBF
datafile 2 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy recid=7 stamp=652888316 filename=D:\ORA_BAK\RMAN\AUXILIARY\TSPITR_O\DATAFILE\O1_MF_UNDOTBS1_4107ZF8F_.DBF
sql statement: alter database datafile 1 online
sql statement: alter database datafile 2 online
sql statement: alter database datafile 4 online
Starting recover at 24-APR-08
using channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1
starting media recovery
archive log thread 1 sequence 18 is already on disk as file D:\OPT\FLASH_RECOVERY_AREA\ORA10GBR\ARCHIVELOG\2008_04_21\O1_MF_1_18_40QH96OG_.ARC
archive log thread 1 sequence 19 is already on disk as file D:\OPT\FLASH_RECOVERY_AREA\ORA10GBR\ARCHIVELOG\2008_04_22\O1_MF_1_19_40SRZM8Z_.ARC
archive log thread 1 sequence 20 is already on disk as file D:\OPT\FLASH_RECOVERY_AREA\ORA10GBR\ARCHIVELOG\2008_04_23\O1_MF_1_20_40WVJTKO_.ARC
archive log thread 1 sequence 21 is already on disk as file D:\OPT\FLASH_RECOVERY_AREA\ORA10GBR\ARCHIVELOG\2008_04_24\O1_MF_1_21_40Z1THFW_.ARC
archive log thread 1 sequence 22 is already on disk as file D:\OPT\FLASH_RECOVERY_AREA\ORA10GBR\ARCHIVELOG\2008_04_24\O1_MF_1_22_4103MF0J_.ARC
archive log thread 1 sequence 23 is already on disk as file D:\OPT\FLASH_RECOVERY_AREA\ORA10GBR\ARCHIVELOG\2008_04_24\O1_MF_1_23_4103NO60_.ARC
archive log filename=D:\OPT\FLASH_RECOVERY_AREA\ORA10GBR\ARCHIVELOG\2008_04_21\O1_MF_1_18_40QH96OG_.ARC thread=1 sequence=18
archive log filename=D:\OPT\FLASH_RECOVERY_AREA\ORA10GBR\ARCHIVELOG\2008_04_22\O1_MF_1_19_40SRZM8Z_.ARC thread=1 sequence=19
archive log filename=D:\OPT\FLASH_RECOVERY_AREA\ORA10GBR\ARCHIVELOG\2008_04_23\O1_MF_1_20_40WVJTKO_.ARC thread=1 sequence=20
archive log filename=D:\OPT\FLASH_RECOVERY_AREA\ORA10GBR\ARCHIVELOG\2008_04_24\O1_MF_1_21_40Z1THFW_.ARC thread=1 sequence=21
archive log filename=D:\OPT\FLASH_RECOVERY_AREA\ORA10GBR\ARCHIVELOG\2008_04_24\O1_MF_1_22_4103MF0J_.ARC thread=1 sequence=22
archive log filename=D:\OPT\FLASH_RECOVERY_AREA\ORA10GBR\ARCHIVELOG\2008_04_24\O1_MF_1_23_4103NO60_.ARC thread=1 sequence=23
media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:16
Finished recover at 24-APR-08
database opened
contents of Memory Script.:
{
# export the tablespaces in the recovery set
host 'exp userid =\"/@(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=beq)(PROGRAM=oracle)(ARGV0=oracleEetc)(ARGS=^'(DESCRIPTION=(LOCAL=YES)(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=beq)))^')(EN
VS=^'ORACLE_SID=Eetc^'))(CONNECT_DATA=(SID=Eetc))) as sysdba\" point_in_time_recover=y tablespaces=
USERS file=
tspitr_a.dmp';
# shutdown clone before import
shutdown clone immediate
# import the tablespaces in the recovery set
host 'imp userid =\"/@ as sysdba\" point_in_time_recover=y file=
tspitr_a.dmp';
# online/offline the tablespace imported
sql "alter tablespace USERS online";
sql "alter tablespace USERS offline";
# enable autobackups in case user does open resetlogs from RMAN after TSPITR
sql 'begin dbms_backup_restore.AutoBackupFlag(TRUE); end;';
}
executing Memory Script
Export: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Thu Apr 24 13:52:25 2008
Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to: Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options
Export done in ZHS16GBK character set and AL16UTF16 NCHAR character set
Note: table data (rows) will not be exported
About to export Tablespace Point-in-time Recovery objects...
For tablespace USERS ...
. exporting cluster definitions
. exporting table definitions
. . exporting table NAMELIST
. . exporting table TESTBIN
. . exporting table TESTVERSION
. . exporting table TSPITR
. exporting referential integrity constraints
. exporting triggers
. end point-in-time recovery
Export terminated successfully without warnings.
host command complete
database closed
database dismounted
Oracle instance shut down
Import: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Thu Apr 24 13:52:40 2008
Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to: Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options
Export file created by EXPORT:V10.02.01 via conventional path
About to import Tablespace Point-in-time Recovery objects...
import done in ZHS16GBK character set and AL16UTF16 NCHAR character set
. importing SYS's objects into SYS
. importing JOHN's objects into JOHN
. . importing table "NAMELIST"
. . importing table "TESTBIN"
. . importing table "TESTVERSION"
. . importing table "TSPITR"
. importing SYS's objects into SYS
Import terminated successfully without warnings.
host command complete
sql statement: alter tablespace USERS online
sql statement: alter tablespace USERS offline
sql statement: begin dbms_backup_restore.AutoBackupFlag(TRUE); end;
Removing automatic instance
Automatic instance removed
auxiliary instance file D:\ORA_BAK\RMAN\AUXILIARY\CNTRL_TSPITR_ORA10GBR_EETC.F deleted
auxiliary instance file D:\ORA_BAK\RMAN\AUXILIARY\TSPITR_O\DATAFILE\O1_MF_SYSTEM_4107YX6H_.DBF deleted
auxiliary instance file D:\ORA_BAK\RMAN\AUXILIARY\TSPITR_O\DATAFILE\O1_MF_UNDOTBS1_4107ZF8F_.DBF deleted
auxiliary instance file D:\ORA_BAK\RMAN\AUXILIARY\TSPITR_O\DATAFILE\O1_MF_TEMP_41080MYC_.TMP deleted
auxiliary instance file D:\ORA_BAK\RMAN\AUXILIARY\TSPITR_O\ONLINELOG\O1_MF_1_41080HG7_.LOG deleted
auxiliary instance file D:\ORA_BAK\RMAN\AUXILIARY\TSPITR_O\ONLINELOG\O1_MF_2_41080JGQ_.LOG deleted
auxiliary instance file D:\ORA_BAK\RMAN\AUXILIARY\TSPITR_O\ONLINELOG\O1_MF_3_41080KCS_.LOG deleted
Finished recover at 24-APR-08
RMAN>
//到此为止都是auto的~~~不过了解整个过程oracle都做了些什么还是很有帮助的哦:)
SQL> select * from tspitr;
select * from tspitr
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-00376: file 4 cannot be read at this time
ORA-01110: data file 4: 'D:\OPT\ORADATA\ORA10GBR\USERS01.DBF'
SQL> select tablespace_name , status from dba_tablespaces;
TABLESPACE_NAME STATUS
------------------------------ ---------
SYSTEM ONLINE
UNDOTBS1 ONLINE
SYSAUX ONLINE
TEMP ONLINE
USERS OFFLINE
SQL> alter tablespace users online; //Actually, before taking the tablespace online, you should backup it:) 'BACKUP TABLESPACE users;'
Tablespace altered.
SQL> select * from tspitr;
ID NAME
---------- --------------------
1 John
2 Gavin
3 Jack
//From the result we can see that until sequence 24 means not include log 24!!!
[To be continued...]
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