成功安装Oracle 11gR2 for Linux RAC，使用NFS作为共享存储

文章来源：http://www.oracle-base.com/articles/11g/OracleDB11gR2RACInstallationOnLinuxUsingNFS.php

1.The /etc/hosts file must contain the following information.
127.0.0.1       localhost.localdomain   localhost
# Public
192.168.2.101   rac1.localdomain        rac1
192.168.2.102   rac2.localdomain        rac2
#Private
192.168.0.101   rac1-priv.localdomain   rac1-priv
192.168.0.102   rac2-priv.localdomain   rac2-priv
#Virtual
192.168.2.111   rac1-vip.localdomain    rac1-vip
192.168.2.112   rac2-vip.localdomain    rac2-vip
# SCAN
192.168.2.201   rac-scan.localdomain    rac-scan
#NAS
192.168.2.101   nas1.localdomain        nas1

2.create shared disks
First we need to set up some NFS shares. In this case we will do this on the RAC1 node, but you can do the on a NAS or a third server if you have one available. On the RAC1 node create the following directories.

mkdir /shared_config
mkdir /shared_grid
mkdir /shared_home
mkdir /shared_data

Add the following lines to the /etc/exports file.

/shared_config               *(rw,sync,no_wdelay,insecure_locks,no_root_squash)
/shared_grid                 *(rw,sync,no_wdelay,insecure_locks,no_root_squash)
/shared_home                 *(rw,sync,no_wdelay,insecure_locks,no_root_squash)
/shared_data                 *(rw,sync,no_wdelay,insecure_locks,no_root_squash)

Run the following command to export the NFS shares.

chkconfig nfs on
service nfs restart

On both RAC1 and RAC2 create the directories in which the Oracle software will be installed.

mkdir -p /u01/app/11.2.0/grid
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1
mkdir -p /u01/oradata
mkdir -p /u01/shared_config
chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app /u01/app/oracle /u01/oradata /u01/shared_config
chmod -R 775 /u01/app /u01/app/oracle /u01/oradata /u01/shared_config

Add the following lines to the "/etc/fstab" file.

nas1:/shared_config /u01/shared_config  nfs  rw,bg,hard,nointr,tcp,vers=3,timeo=600,rsize=32768,wsize=32768,actimeo=0,nolock 0 0
nas1:/shared_grid   /u01/app/11.2.0/grid  nfs  rw,bg,hard,nointr,tcp,vers=3,timeo=600,rsize=32768,wsize=32768,actimeo=0,nolock 0 0
nas1:/shared_home   /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1  nfs  rw,bg,hard,nointr,tcp,vers=3,timeo=600,rsize=32768,wsize=32768,actimeo=0,nolock 0 0
nas1:/shared_data   /u01/oradata  nfs  rw,bg,hard,nointr,tcp,vers=3,timeo=600,rsize=32768,wsize=32768,actimeo=0,nolock 0 0

Mount the NFS shares on both servers.

mount /u01/shared_config
mount /u01/app/11.2.0/grid
mount /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1
mount /u01/oradata

Make sure the permissions on the shared directories are correct.

chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/shared_config
chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/11.2.0/grid
chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1
chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/oradata

对于使用NFS来作为Oracle RAC的存储方式最需要注意的两点：
1.RAC所有节点都需要通过NFS的方式挂载到服务器。
2.NFS Client的挂载参数需要符合一定的要求。

下面是一篇metalink文章，详细讨论了NFS参数要求：
Mount Options for Oracle files when used with NFS on NAS devices (文档 ID 359515.1)
修改时间:2013-12-31类型:BULLETIN

In this Document

Purpose

Scope

Details

RAC including RACone and single instance RAC

Single Instance (non-RAC)

References

---

APPLIES TO:

Oracle Database - Enterprise Edition - Version 10.1.0.2 to 12.1.0.1 [Release 10.1 to 12.1]
Information in this document applies to any platform.
Oracle Clusterware, Oracle Real Application Clusters, NAS

PURPOSE

The options with which the NAS systems should be mounted are described. This note does not cover the new dNFS feature that was introduced in 11g.

SCOPE

This document is relevant to all environments using Oracle Clusterware & RAC.

DETAILS

RAC including RACone and single instance RAC

 

In the table below 

• Binaries is the shared mount points where the Oracle Home and CRS_HOME is installed.
• Datafiles includes Online Logs, Controlfile and Datafiles
• nfsvers and vers are identical on those OS platforms that has nfsvers.  The ver option is an alternative to the nfsvers option. It is included for compatibility with other operating systems
• Please note that the mount options on each of the following cells are applicable only to those type of files listed in the column heading.
• For RMAN backup sets, image copies, and Data Pump dump files, the "NOAC" mount option should not be specified - that is because RMAN and Data Pump do not check this option and specifying this can adversely affect performance.

 

Operating System	Mount options for    Binaries ##	Mount options for Oracle Datafiles	Mount options for CRS Voting Disk and OCR
Sun Solaris *	rw,bg,hard,nointr,rsize=32768, wsize=32768,proto=tcp,noac, vers=3,suid	rw,bg,hard,nointr,rsize=32768, wsize=32768,proto=tcp,noac, forcedirectio, vers=3	rw,bg,hard,nointr,rsize=32768, wsize=32768,proto=tcp,vers=3, noac,forcedirectio
AIX (5L) **	rw,bg,hard,nointr,rsize=32768, wsize=32768,proto=tcp, vers=3,timeo=600	cio,rw,bg,hard,nointr,rsize=32768, wsize=32768,proto=tcp,noac, vers=3,timeo=600	cio,rw,bg,hard,intr,rsize=32768, wsize=32768,tcp,noac, vers=3,timeo=600
HPUX 11.23 ***  --	rw,bg,vers=3,proto=tcp,noac, hard,nointr,timeo=600, rsize=32768,wsize=32768,suid	rw,bg,vers=3,proto=tcp,noac, forcedirectio,hard,nointr,timeo=600, rsize=32768,wsize=32768	rw,bg,vers=3,proto=tcp,noac, forcedirectio,hard,nointr,timeo=600 ,rsize=32768,wsize=32768
Windows	Not Supported	Not Supported	Not Supported
Linux x86 # ****	rw,bg,hard,nointr,rsize=32768, wsize=32768,tcp, vers=3, timeo=600, actimeo=0	rw,bg,hard,nointr,rsize=32768, wsize=32768,tcp,actimeo=0, vers=3,timeo=600	rw,bg,hard,nointr,rsize=32768, wsize=32768,tcp,noac,actimeo=0, vers=3,timeo=600
Linux x86-64 # ****	rw,bg,hard,nointr,rsize=32768,  wsize=32768,tcp,vers=3, timeo=600, actimeo=0	rw,bg,hard,nointr,rsize=32768,  wsize=32768,tcp,actimeo=0,  vers=3,timeo=600	rw,bg,hard,nointr,rsize=32768,  wsize=32768,tcp,noac,vers=3, timeo=600,actimeo=0
Linux - Itanium	rw,bg,hard,nointr,rsize=32768,  wsize=32768,tcp,vers=3, timeo=600, actimeo=0	rw,bg,hard,nointr,rsize=32768,  wsize=32768,tcp,actimeo=0,  vers=3,timeo=600	rw,bg,hard,nointr,rsize=32768,  wsize=32768,tcp,noac,vers=3, timeo=600,actimeo=0

* NFS mount option “forcedirectio” is required on Solaris platforms when mounting the OCR/CRS files when using Oracle 10.1.0.4 or 10.2.0.2 or later (Oracle unpublished bug 4466428) 
** AIX is only supported with NAS on AIX 5.3 TL04 and higher with Oracle 10.2.0.1 and later
*** NAS devices are only supported with HPUX 11.23 or higher ONLY 

# These mount options are for Linux kernels 2.6 and above. For older kernels please check Note 279393.1

Due to Unpublished bug 5856342, it is necessary to use the following init.ora parameter when using NAS with all versions of RAC on Linux (x86 & X86-64 platforms) until 10.2.0.4. This bug is fixed and included in 10.2.0.4 patchset.
filesystemio_options = DIRECTIO

 Single Instance (non-RAC)

Operating System	Mount options for Binaries	Mount options for Oracle Datafiles
Sun Solaris * (8, 9, 10)	rw,bg,hard,rsize=32768,wsize=32768,vers=3,nointr,proto=tcp,suid	rw,bg,hard,rsize=32768,wsize=32768,vers=3,[forcedirectio or llock],nointr,proto=tcp
AIX (5L) **	rw,bg,hard,rsize=32768,wsize=32768,vers=3,intr,timeo=600,proto=tcp	rw,bg,hard,rsize=32768,wsize=32768,vers=3,cio,intr,timeo=600,proto=tcp
HPUX 11.23 ****	rw,bg,hard,rsize=32768,wsize=32768,vers=3,nointr,timeo=600,proto=tcp,suid	rw,bg,hard,rsize=32768,wsize=32768,vers=3,nointr,timeo=600,proto=tcp,  forcedirectio
Windows	Not Supported	Not Supported
Linux x86 #	rw,bg,hard,rsize=32768,wsize=32768,vers=3,nointr,timeo=600,tcp	rw,bg,hard,rsize=32768,wsize=32768,vers=3,nointr,timeo=600,tcp
Linux x86-64 #	rw,bg,hard,rsize=32768,wsize=32768,vers=3,nointr,timeo=600,tcp	rw,bg,hard,rsize=32768,wsize=32768,vers=3,nointr,timeo=600,tcp
Linux - Itanium	rw,bg,hard,rsize=32768,wsize=32768,vers=3,nointr,timeo=600,tcp	rw,bg,hard,rsize=32768,wsize=32768,vers=3,nointr,timeo=600,tcp

See above (after the configuration for RAC) for the legends

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