java OperatingSystemMXBean获取服务器jvm负载信息，抛数据转换异常

使用java库自带的OperatingSystemMXBean类获取服务器负载相关信息，报NumberFormatException异常

项目需求要监控服务器状态，就在网上找到用java自带的OperatingSystemMXBean来获取服务器负载信息。
原文：http://kakaluyi.javaeye.com/blog/211492
首先编写一个MonitorInfoBean类，用来装载监控的一些信息，包括物理内存、剩余的物理内存、已使用的物理内存、内存使用率等字段，该类的代码如下：

import java.util.List;
    /** 
     * 监视信息的JavaBean类. 
     */
public class MonitorInfoBean {

    //    可使用内存
    private long totalMemory;

    //    剩余内存
    private long freeMemory;

    //    最大可使用内存
    private long maxMemory;

    //    操作系统
    private String osName;

    //    总的物理内存
    private long totalMemorySize;

    //    剩余的物理内存
    private long freePhysicalMemorySize;

    //    已使用的物理内存
    private long usedMemory;

    //    线程总数
    private int totalThread;

    //    cpu使用率
    private double cpuRatio;

    private String time;

    private int totalProcess;

    private List processDetail;

    public long getFreeMemory() {
        return freeMemory;
    }

    public void setFreeMemory(long freeMemory) {
        this.freeMemory = freeMemory;
    }

    public long getFreePhysicalMemorySize() {
        return freePhysicalMemorySize;
    }

    public void setFreePhysicalMemorySize(long freePhysicalMemorySize) {
        this.freePhysicalMemorySize = freePhysicalMemorySize;
    }

    public long getMaxMemory() {
        return maxMemory;
    }

    public void setMaxMemory(long maxMemory) {
        this.maxMemory = maxMemory;
    }

    public String getOsName() {
        return osName;
    }

    public void setOsName(String osName) {
        this.osName = osName;
    }

    public long getTotalMemory() {
        return totalMemory;
    }

    public void setTotalMemory(long totalMemory) {
        this.totalMemory = totalMemory;
    }

    public long getTotalMemorySize() {
        return totalMemorySize;
    }

    public void setTotalMemorySize(long totalMemorySize) {
        this.totalMemorySize = totalMemorySize;
    }

    public int getTotalThread() {
        return totalThread;
    }

    public void setTotalThread(int totalThread) {
        this.totalThread = totalThread;
    }

    public long getUsedMemory() {
        return usedMemory;
    }

    public void setUsedMemory(long usedMemory) {
        this.usedMemory = usedMemory;
    }

    public double getCpuRatio() {
        return cpuRatio;
    }

    public void setCpuRatio(double cpuRatio) {
        this.cpuRatio = cpuRatio;
    }

    public int getTotalProcess() {
        return totalProcess;
    }

    public void setTotalProcess(int totalProcess) {
        this.totalProcess = totalProcess;
    }

    public List getProcessDetail() {
        return processDetail;
    }

    public void setProcessDetail(List processDetail) {
        this.processDetail = processDetail;
    }

    public String getTime() {
        return time;
    }

    public void setTime(String time) {
        this.time = time;
    }

}

接着编写一个获得当前的监控信息的接口，该类的代码如下所示：

import com.datanew.dto.MonitorInfoBean;
import com.datanew.service.MonitorService;
import com.sun.management.OperatingSystemMXBean;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.LineNumberReader;
import java.lang.management.ManagementFactory;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.*;

@Service("MonitorService")
public class MonitorServiceImpl implements MonitorService {
    //可以设置长些，防止读到运行此次系统检查时的cpu占用率，就不准了
    private static final int CPUTIME = 5000;

    private static final int PERCENT = 100;

    private static final int FAULTLENGTH = 10;

 		/** 
         * 由于String.subString对汉字处理存在问题（把一个汉字视为一个字节)，因此在  
         * 包含汉字的字符串时存在隐患，现调整如下：  
         * @param src 要截取的字符串  
         * @param start_idx 开始坐标（包括该坐标)  
         * @param end_idx   截止坐标（包括该坐标）  
         * @return  
         */  
    private static String byteSubstring(String src, int start_idx, int end_idx) {
        byte[] b = src.getBytes();
        StringBuffer tgt = new StringBuffer();
        for (int i = start_idx; i <= end_idx; i++) {
            tgt.append((char) b[i]);
        }
        return tgt.toString();
    }

    //    获得当前的监控对象.
    public MonitorInfoBean getMonitorInfoBean() throws IOException {
        int kb = 1024 * 1024;
        // 可使用内存
        long totalMemory = Runtime.getRuntime().totalMemory() / kb;
        // 剩余内存
        long freeMemory = Runtime.getRuntime().freeMemory() / kb;
        // 最大可使用内存
        long maxMemory = Runtime.getRuntime().maxMemory() / kb;
        OperatingSystemMXBean osmxb = (OperatingSystemMXBean) ManagementFactory.getOperatingSystemMXBean();
        // 操作系统
        String osName = System.getProperty("os.name");
        // 总的物理内存
        long totalMemorySize = osmxb.getTotalPhysicalMemorySize() / kb;
        // 剩余的物理内存
        long freePhysicalMemorySize = osmxb.getFreePhysicalMemorySize() / kb;
        // 已使用的物理内存
        long usedMemory = (osmxb.getTotalPhysicalMemorySize() - osmxb.getFreePhysicalMemorySize()) / kb;
        // 获得线程总数
        ThreadGroup parentThread;
        for (parentThread = Thread.currentThread().getThreadGroup(); parentThread.getParent() != null; parentThread = parentThread.getParent())
            ;
        int totalThread = parentThread.activeCount();
        double cpuRatio = 0;
        if (osName.toLowerCase().startsWith("windows")) {
            cpuRatio = this.getCpuRatioForWindows();
        }
        MonitorInfoBean infoBean = new MonitorInfoBean();
        infoBean.setFreeMemory(freeMemory);
        infoBean.setFreePhysicalMemorySize(freePhysicalMemorySize);
        infoBean.setMaxMemory(maxMemory);
        infoBean.setOsName(osName);
        infoBean.setTotalMemory(totalMemory);
        infoBean.setTotalMemorySize(totalMemorySize);
        infoBean.setTotalThread(totalThread);
        infoBean.setUsedMemory(usedMemory);
        infoBean.setCpuRatio(cpuRatio);
        Process process = Runtime.getRuntime().exec("cmd.exe /c tasklist");
        BufferedReader input = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(process.getInputStream()));
        String line;
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
        int i = -2;
        List<Map> l = new ArrayList<>();
        while ((line = input.readLine()) != null) {
            if (line.length() > 0) {
                i++;
                if (i > 0) {
                    Map<String, String> m = new HashMap<>();
                    m.put("name", line.substring(0, 25).trim());
                    m.put("pid", line.substring(26, 34).trim());
                    m.put("memUsage", line.substring(64).trim().split(" ")[0]);
                    l.add(m);
                }
            }
        }
        input.close();
        infoBean.setTotalProcess(i);
        infoBean.setProcessDetail(l);
        infoBean.setTime(new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss").format(new Date()));
        return infoBean;
    }

    //    获得CPU使用率
    private double getCpuRatioForWindows() {
        try {
            String procCmd = System.getenv("windir")
                    + "//system32//wbem//wmic.exe process get Caption,CommandLine,"
                    + "KernelModeTime,ReadOperationCount,ThreadCount,UserModeTime,WriteOperationCount";
            // 取进程信息
            long[] c0 = readCpu(Runtime.getRuntime().exec(procCmd));
            Thread.sleep(CPUTIME);
            long[] c1 = readCpu(Runtime.getRuntime().exec(procCmd));
            if (c0 != null && c1 != null) {
                long idletime = c1[0] - c0[0];
                long busytime = c1[1] - c0[1];
                return (double) (PERCENT * (busytime) / (busytime + idletime));
            } else {
                return 0.0;
            }
        } catch (Exception ex) {
            ex.printStackTrace();
            return 0.0;
        }
    }

    //    读取CPU信息
    private long[] readCpu(final Process proc) {
        long[] retn = new long[2];
        try {
            proc.getOutputStream().close();
            InputStreamReader ir = new InputStreamReader(proc.getInputStream());
            LineNumberReader input = new LineNumberReader(ir);
            String line = input.readLine();
            if (line == null || line.length() < FAULTLENGTH) {
                return null;
            }
            int capidx = line.indexOf("Caption");
            int cmdidx = line.indexOf("CommandLine");
            int rocidx = line.indexOf("ReadOperationCount");
            int umtidx = line.indexOf("UserModeTime");
            int kmtidx = line.indexOf("KernelModeTime");
            int wocidx = line.indexOf("WriteOperationCount");
            long idletime = 0;
            long kneltime = 0;
            long usertime = 0;
            while ((line = input.readLine()) != null) {
                if (line.length() < wocidx) {
                    continue;
                }
                // 字段出现顺序：Caption,CommandLine,KernelModeTime,ReadOperationCount,
                // ThreadCount,UserModeTime,WriteOperation
                String caption = byteSubstring(line, capidx, cmdidx - 1).trim();
                String cmd = byteSubstring(line, cmdidx, kmtidx - 1).trim();
                if (cmd.contains("wmic.exe")) {
                    continue;
                }
                
                if (caption.equals("System Idle Process") || caption.equals("System")) {
                    idletime += Long.valueOf(byteSubstring(line, kmtidx, rocidx - 1).trim());
                    idletime += Long.valueOf(byteSubstring(line, umtidx, wocidx - 1).trim());
                    continue;
                }

                kneltime += Long.valueOf(byteSubstring(line, kmtidx, rocidx - 1).trim());
                usertime += Long.valueOf(byteSubstring(line, umtidx, wocidx - 1).trim());

            }
            retn[0] = idletime;
            retn[1] = kneltime + usertime;
            return retn;
        } catch (Exception ex) {
            ex.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            try {
                proc.getInputStream().close();
            } catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
        return null;
    }

}

测试：

//测试代码
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        MonitorInfoBean monitorInfo = new MonitorServiceImpl().getMonitorInfoBean();
        System.out.println(monitorInfo.getProcessDetail());
        System.out.println("cpu占有率=" + monitorInfo.getCpuRatio());
        System.out.println("总的物理内存=" + monitorInfo.getTotalMemorySize() + "MB");
        System.out.println("已使用的物理内存=" + monitorInfo.getUsedMemory() + "MB");
        System.out.println("进程总数=" + monitorInfo.getTotalProcess());
    }

上面的代码有一个坑，当你测试代码有可能会抛ava.lang.NumberFormatException: For input string: 异常；
debug后发现由于编码集的问题，获取流的时候没有设置编码集。

InputStreamReader ir = new InputStreamReader(proc.getInputStream());

在执行byteSubstring()方法的时候，中文可能显示的时候是？，导致截取字符串的时候截取不准确。
修改后代码：

 //    读取CPU信息
    private long[] readCpu(final Process proc) {
        long[] retn = new long[2];
        try {
            proc.getOutputStream().close();
             InputStreamReader ir = null;
            //获取操作系统的默认编码集
            String str = System.getProperty("sun.jnu.encoding");
	        if ("GBK".equals(str)){
				ir = new InputStreamReader(proc.getInputStream(),"gbk");
	        }else if ("UTF-8".equals(str)){
				ir = new InputStreamReader(proc.getInputStream(),"utf-8");
	        }
           
            LineNumberReader input = new LineNumberReader(ir);
            String line = input.readLine();
            if (line == null || line.length() < FAULTLENGTH) {
                return null;
            }
            int capidx = line.indexOf("Caption");
            int cmdidx = line.indexOf("CommandLine");
            int rocidx = line.indexOf("ReadOperationCount");
            int umtidx = line.indexOf("UserModeTime");
            int kmtidx = line.indexOf("KernelModeTime");
            int wocidx = line.indexOf("WriteOperationCount");
            long idletime = 0;
            long kneltime = 0;
            long usertime = 0;
            while ((line = input.readLine()) != null) {
                if (line.length() < wocidx) {
                    continue;
                }
                // 字段出现顺序：Caption,CommandLine,KernelModeTime,ReadOperationCount,
                // ThreadCount,UserModeTime,WriteOperation
                String caption = byteSubstring(line, capidx, cmdidx - 1).trim();
                String cmd = byteSubstring(line, cmdidx, kmtidx - 1).trim();
                if (cmd.contains("wmic.exe")) {
                    continue;
                }
                
                if (caption.equals("System Idle Process") || caption.equals("System")) {
                    idletime += Long.valueOf(byteSubstring(line, kmtidx, rocidx - 1).trim());
                    idletime += Long.valueOf(byteSubstring(line, umtidx, wocidx - 1).trim());
                    continue;
                }

                kneltime += Long.valueOf(byteSubstring(line, kmtidx, rocidx - 1).trim());
                usertime += Long.valueOf(byteSubstring(line, umtidx, wocidx - 1).trim());

            }
            retn[0] = idletime;
            retn[1] = kneltime + usertime;
            return retn;
        } catch (Exception ex) {
            ex.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            try {
                proc.getInputStream().close();
            } catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
        return null;
    }

之后再测试，就没问题了。
但是在项目测试的时候，又发现一个问题：在tomcat上运行没问题，但是在websphere7上运行的时候，代码走到：

OperatingSystemMXBean osmxb = (OperatingSystemMXBean) ManagementFactory.getOperatingSystemMXBean();

这一步就听下来了，也没抛出异常。