Android基础之数据持久化

数据的持久化有三种方式，文件存储，SharedPreference存储，数据库存储。
这三种方式的存储路径是在/data/data//下面，对应会生成各自的存储文件，所占用的是机身存储的内部存储空间。

一，数据持久化之文件存储：
存储路径:/data/data//files/

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

private EditText mEditText;

@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
    mEditText=(EditText)findViewById(R.id.edit);
    String input=load();//读取文件中的内容，实际项目中可能会启动子线程去做。
    if (!TextUtils.isEmpty(input)){
        mEditText.setText(input);
        mEditText.setSelection(input.length());
        Toast.makeText(this,"Restoring succeeded",Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
    }

}


@Override
protected void onDestroy() {
    super.onDestroy();
    String input=mEditText.getText().toString();
    if (!TextUtils.isEmpty(input)){
        save(input);//把信息写到文件中，实际项目中可能会启动子线程去做。
    }
}

private String load() {
    FileInputStream in = null;
    BufferedReader reader = null;
    StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder();
    try {
        in = openFileInput("file01");
        reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(in));
        String line=null;
        while ((line=reader.readLine())!=null){
            builder.append(line);
        }
    } catch (IOException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    } finally {
        if (reader!=null){
            try {
                reader.close();//关闭流，防止内存泄漏
            }catch (IOException e){
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }

    return builder.toString();
}

private void save(String inputText){
    FileOutputStream out= null;
    BufferedWriter writer=null;
    try {
        out=openFileOutput("file01", Context.MODE_PRIVATE);
        writer=new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(out));
        writer.write(inputText);
    }catch (IOException e){
        e.printStackTrace();
    }finally {
        if (writer!=null){
            try {
                writer.close();/关闭流，防止内存泄漏
            }catch (IOException e){
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }

}

}

二，数据库存储（SQLiteOpenHelper.java, SQLiteDatabase.java)
1，创建数据库：
SQLiteOpenHelper dbHelper=new MyDatabaseHelper(this,“BookStore.db”,null,3);
dbHelper.getReadableDatabase();//没有就创建，同时执行onCreate()创建表;
dbHelper.getWritableDatabase() 如果version有增加则执行 onUpgrade(）进行升级;
有就直接返回。

2,创建表：
public static final String CREATE_BOOK=“create table Book (”
+ “id integer primary key autoincrement,”
+ “author text,”
+ “price real,”
+ “pages integer,”
+ “name text)”;
db.execSQL(CREATE_BOOK);
可在SQLiteOpenHelper.onCreate()/SQLiteOpenHelper.onUpgrade(）中执行创建表的sql语句。

3.添加数据：
SQLiteDatabase db=dbHelper.getWritableDatabase();
ContentValues values=new ContentValues();
values.put(“pages”,454);
values.put(“name”,“西游记”);
values.put(“price”,25.9);
values.put(“author”,“张三”);
db.insert(“Book”,null,values);
values.clear();

4.修改数据：
SQLiteDatabase db=dbHelper.getWritableDatabase();
ContentValues values=new ContentValues();
values.put(“price”,100);
values.put(“pages”,999);
db.update(“Book”,values,“name=?”,new String[]{“水浒传”});
5.删除数据：
SQLiteDatabase db=dbHelper.getWritableDatabase();
db.delete(“Book”,“id=?”,new String[]{“4”});

6.查询数据：
SQLiteDatabase db=dbHelper.getWritableDatabase();
Cursor cursor=db.query(“Book”,null,null,null,null,null,null);
if (cursor.moveToFirst()){
do{
String name=cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(“name”));
String author=cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(“author”));
int pages=cursor.getInt(cursor.getColumnIndex(“pages”));
double price=cursor.getDouble(cursor.getColumnIndex(“price”));
Log.d(“MainActivity”,"=================>");
Log.d(“MainActivity”,“book name is”+ name);
Log.d(“MainActivity”,“book author is”+ author);
Log.d(“MainActivity”,“book pages is”+ pages);
Log.d(“MainActivity”,“book price is”+ price);

               }while (cursor.moveToNext());
           }
           cursor.close();