SDWebImage图片缓存流程分析

【无限互联】SDWebImage图片缓存流程分析

SDWebImage是一个功能很强大的缓存网络图片的框架。框架实现了异步加载网络图片、自动缓存图片数据等功能。以UIImageView加载网络图片为例，对其总体的加载图片流程做一个大致的分析。 首先使用SDWebImage先要导入 #import "UIImageView+WebCache.h"文件，设置网络图片的图片地址就可以加载图片。

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NSURL *url = [NSURL URLWithString:@"http://b.hiphotos.baidu.com/imag1e03d003478ec54e736d196f9.jpg"]; 

[imageView setImageWithURL:url]; 

根据网络图片地址，SDWebImageManager类提供了方法downloadWithURL加载图片

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id <SDWebImageOperation> operation = [SDWebImageManager.sharedManager downloadWithURL:url options:options progress:progressBlock completed:^(UIImage *image, NSError *error, SDImageCacheType cacheType, BOOL finished) { 

if (!wself) return; 

dispatch_main_sync_safe(^{ 

if (!wself) return; 

if (image) { 

wself.image = image; 

[wself setNeedsLayout]; 

} 

if (completedBlock && finished) { 

completedBlock(image, error, cacheType); 

} 

}); 

}]; 

objc_setAssociatedObject(self, &operationKey, operation, OBJC_ASSOCIATION_RETAIN_NONATOMIC); 

} 

进入downloadWithURL方法,由SDImagerCache类提供方法queryDiskCacheForKey检查内存中是否有图片缓存，如果有图片缓存，回调block将图片数据传递给SDWebImageManger类。SDWebImageMange类回调block将图片数据传递给UIImageView+WebCache类去显示图片。

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UIImage *image = [self imageFromMemoryCacheForKey:key]; 

if (image) { 

doneBlock(image, SDImageCacheTypeMemory); 

return nil; 

} 

如果内存中没有图片缓存，将会去磁盘中查找图片缓存。这一步操作是异步操作，如果从磁盘中读取到图片数据，将图片数据添加到内存缓存中，回调block将图片数据传递给SDWebImageManger类。 SDWebImageMange类回调block将图片数据传递给UIImageView+WebCache类去显示图片

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dispatch_async(self.ioQueue, ^{ 

if (operation.isCancelled) { 

return; 

} 

@autoreleasepool { 

UIImage *diskImage = [self diskImageForKey:key]; 

if (diskImage) { 

CGFloat cost = diskImage.size.height * diskImage.size.width * diskImage.scale; 

[self.memCache setObject:diskImage forKey:key cost:cost]; 

} 

dispatch_async(dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{ 

doneBlock(diskImage, SDImageCacheTypeDisk); 

}); 

} 

内存和磁盘中都没有图片缓存，由SDWebImageDownloader类downloadImageWithURL方法请求网络下载图片。

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- (id <SDWebImageOperation>)downloadImageWithURL:(NSURL *)url options:(SDWebImageDownloaderOptions)options progress:(void (^)(NSInteger, NSInteger))progressBlock completed:(void (^)(UIImage *, NSData *, NSError *, BOOL))completedBlock { 

} 

图片下载完成后，数据下载完成后交给 SDWebImageDecoder 做图片解码处理,图片解码完成后回调给SDWebImageDownloader类，SDWebImageDownloader类，回调block将图片数据传递给SDWebImageManger类。 SDWebImageMange类回调block将图片数据传递给UIImageView+WebCache类显示图片。

图片数据会写入到内存和磁盘缓存中。图片数据写入磁盘缓存中是异步操作，避免拖慢主线程。

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- (void)storeImage:(UIImage *)image recalculateFromImage:(BOOL)recalculate imageData:(NSData *)imageData forKey:(NSString *)key toDisk:(BOOL)toDisk { 

if (!image || !key) { 

return; 

} 

[self.memCache setObject:image forKey:key cost:image.size.height * image.size.width * image.scale]; 

if (toDisk) { 

dispatch_async(self.ioQueue, ^{ 

NSData *data = imageData; 

if (image && (recalculate || !data)) { 

BOOL imageIsPng = YES; 

if ([imageData length] >= [kPNGSignatureData length]) { 

imageIsPng = ImageDataHasPNGPreffix(imageData); 

} 

if (imageIsPng) { 

data = UIImagePNGRepresentation(image); 

} 

else { 

data = UIImageJPEGRepresentation(image, (CGFloat)1.0); 

} 

data = [NSBitmapImageRep representationOfImageRepsInArray:image.representations usingType: NSJPEGFileType properties:nil]; 

} 

if (data) { 

if (![_fileManager fileExistsAtPath:_diskCachePath]) { 

[_fileManager createDirectoryAtPath:_diskCachePath withIntermediateDirectories:YES attributes:nil error:NULL]; 

} 

[_fileManager createFileAtPath:[self defaultCachePathForKey:key] contents:data attributes:nil]; 

} 

}); 

} 

} 

总结：

1、SDWebImageManager *manager = [SDWebImageManager sharedManager];管理图片的加载，由SDImagerCache类检查内存中是否有图片缓存，或者由SDWebImageDownloader类请求网络下载图片。

2、SDImageCache 类管理图片缓存,读取图片缓存和写入图片缓存。

3、SDWebImageDownloader，根据URL向网络读取数据。