这几天准备重读一下王海亮老师的《精通oracle 1og 系统管理》,自己入门的书就是这一本,但是由于开始知识太少,看的并不仔细,有些知识点没有看懂。希望这次重读能有大的收获。我在这里只记录知识的补充。
第一章
前一段时间还在想怎么用命令行查看alert file,原来在第一章就有答案
1.查找alert file路径: show parameter background_dump_dest
SQL> show parameter background_dump_dest;
NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
background_dump_dest string /u01/admin/oracle/bdump
2.$cd $ORACLE_HOME
cd /u01/admin/oracle/bdump
[
oracle@oracle ~]$ cd $ORACLE_HOME
[oracle@oracle ~]$ cd /u01/admin/oracle/bdump
[oracle@oracle bdump]$ ls
alert_oracle.log oracle_arc0_6620.trc oracle_arc1_13119.trc oracle_arc1_6648.trc oracle_arc2_27584.trc
3.查看alert_oracle.log
cat alert_oracle.log
用同样的方法可以查看后台进程跟踪文件,如:oracle_arc1_13119.trc
查找路径user_dump_dest可以找到服务器进程跟踪文件。
第二章
1.创建用户的方法
SQL> create user ora01 identified by ora01;
User created.
第二章主要讲解数据库的创建和OEM,比较简单。
第三章
1,区别 db_name,db_domain,global_name,instance_name,service_name
db_name:和create database 的名字一致,数据库名。
db_domain:用于指定数据库在分布网络中的逻辑位置。
global_name:db_name.db_domain
instance_name:例程名,RAC环境中标示统一数据库中的不同例程,在单例程数据库,instance_name和db_name一致。
service_name:默认为db_name.db_domain
2.pfile
在pfile中每一行只能设置一个参数
一个参数有多个值的话,用逗号隔开
用#屏蔽参数
字符型参数的值可以用引号引住,数字型参数的值则不可以。
3.show parameter 和v$parameter
4.静态参数和动态参数的区别
因为静态参数和动态参数在修改的时候要分别对待,所以要很好的区分。
静态参数:只能够通过修改参数文件pfile而改变的参数
动态参数:可以使用alter system 或者alter session修改的参数
SQL> select name from v$parameter
2 where isses_modifiable='FALSE' AND
3 issys_modifiable='FALSE';
NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
lock_name_space
processes
sessions
instance_groups
event
sga_max_size
pre_page_sga
shared_memory_address
hi_shared_memory_address
use_indirect_data_buffers
lock_sga
NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
shared_pool_reserved_size
java_soft_sessionspace_limit
java_max_sessionspace_size
spfile
instance_type
fileio_network_adapters
filesystemio_options
disk_asynch_io
tape_asynch_io
dbwr_io_slaves
cluster_interconnects
NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
gcs_server_processes
active_instance_count
control_files
log_file_name_convert
db_block_buffers
db_block_size
db_writer_processes
buffer_pool_keep
buffer_pool_recycle
max_commit_propagation_delay
compatible
NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
remote_archive_enable
log_archive_start
log_archive_format
log_buffer
db_files
read_only_open_delayed
cluster_database
parallel_server
parallel_server_instances
cluster_database_instances
gc_files_to_locks
NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
recovery_parallelism
logmnr_max_persistent_sessions
dml_locks
replication_dependency_tracking
instance_number
transactions
transactions_per_rollback_segment
rollback_segments
undo_management
serial_reuse
os_roles
NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
rdbms_server_dn
max_enabled_roles
remote_os_authent
remote_os_roles
O7_DICTIONARY_ACCESSIBILITY
remote_login_passwordfile
audit_sys_operations
global_context_pool_size
db_domain
distributed_lock_timeout
commit_point_strength
NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
instance_name
cursor_space_for_time
utl_file_dir
create_bitmap_area_size
bitmap_merge_area_size
parallel_execution_message_size
shadow_core_dump
background_core_dump
audit_syslog_level
session_max_open_files
open_links
NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
open_links_per_instance
audit_trail
db_name
db_unique_name
ifile
os_authent_prefix
sql92_security
blank_trimming
parallel_automatic_tuning
86 rows selected.
此条sql语句false要大写,否则会出现,no row结果。
5.scope=memory当前有效
scope=spfile重启有效
scope=both 当前和重启后皆有效,也为默认值
例子:
SQL> alter system set NLS_DATE_FORMAT='YYYY-MM-DD';
alter system set NLS_DATE_FORMAT='YYYY-MM-DD'
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-02096: specified initialization parameter is not modifiable with this
option
SQL> alter system set NLS_DATE_FORMAT='YYYY-MM-DD' scope=spfile;
System altered.
SQL> select sysdate from dual;
SYSDATE
---------
11-APR-10
SQL> shutdown immediate
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 629145600 bytes
Fixed Size 1220964 bytes
Variable Size 348130972 bytes
Database Buffers 276824064 bytes
Redo Buffers 2969600 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
SQL> select sysdate from dual;
SYSDATE
----------
2010-04-11
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-02096: specified initialization parameter is not modifiable with this option报错解释
Alter s
ystem can be used to change initialization parameters on system level. However, some parameters, when changed with alter system don't affect sessions that are already opened at the time when the statement is executet; it only affects sessions started later. These parameters must be changed with alter system set <initialization parameter> DEFERRED, otherwise a ORA-02096:specified initialization parameter is not modifiable with this option error is returned.
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