Android PopupWindow的使用和分析

PopupWindow使用

      PopupWindow这个类用来实现一个弹出框,可以使用任意布局的View作为其内容,这个弹出框是悬浮在当前activity之上的。

 

PopupWindow使用Demo

  这个类的使用,不再过多解释,直接上代码吧。

  比如弹出框的布局:

 弹出框布局

 

  Activity的布局中只有一个按钮,按下后会弹出框,Activity代码如下:

package com.example.hellopopupwindow;

 

import android.os.Bundle;

import android.app.Activity;

import android.content.Context;

import android.util.Log;

import android.view.LayoutInflater;

import android.view.MotionEvent;

import android.view.View;

import android.view.View.OnClickListener;

import android.view.View.OnTouchListener;

import android.view.ViewGroup.LayoutParams;

import android.widget.Button;

import android.widget.PopupWindow;

import android.widget.Toast;

 

public class MainActivity extendsActivity {

 

    private Context mContext = null;

 

    @Override

    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

 

        mContext = this;

 

        Button button = (Button)findViewById(R.id.button);

        button.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {

 

            @Override

            public void onClick(View view) {

 

                showPopupWindow(view);

            }

        });

    }

 

    private void showPopupWindow(View view) {

 

        // 一个自定义的布局,作为显示的内容

        View contentView =LayoutInflater.from(mContext).inflate(

                R.layout.pop_window, null);

        // 设置按钮的点击事件

        Button button = (Button)contentView.findViewById(R.id.button1);

        button.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {

 

            @Override

            public void onClick(View v) {

                Toast.makeText(mContext,"button is pressed",

                        Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();

            }

        });

 

        finalPopupWindow popupWindow = new PopupWindow(contentView,

               LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT, LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT, true);

 

        popupWindow.setTouchable(true);

 

        popupWindow.setTouchInterceptor(new OnTouchListener() {

 

            @Override

            public boolean onTouch(View v, MotionEvent event) {

 

                Log.i("mengdd","onTouch : ");

 

                return false;

                // 这里如果返回true的话,touch事件将被拦截

                // 拦截后 PopupWindow的onTouchEvent不被调用,这样点击外部区域无法dismiss

            }

        });

 

        // 如果不设置PopupWindow的背景,无论是点击外部区域还是Back键都无法dismiss弹框

        // 我觉得这里是API的一个bug

        popupWindow.setBackgroundDrawable(getResources().getDrawable(

               R.drawable.selectmenu_bg_downward));

 

        // 设置好参数之后再show

        popupWindow.showAsDropDown(view);

 

    }

 

}

 

 

  弹出框的布局中有一个TextView和一个Button,Button点击后显示Toast,如图:

 

 

  第一次实现的时候遇到了问题,就是弹出框不会在按下Back键的时候消失,点击弹框外区域也没有正常消失,搜索了一下,都说只要设置背景就好了。

  然后我就找了个图片,果然弹框能正常dismiss了(见注释)。

 

PopupWindow源码分析

  为了解答一下上面的问题,看看源码(最新API Level 19Android 4.4.2)。

1.显示方法

  显示提供了两种形式:

  showAtLocation()显示在指定位置,有两个方法重载:

public void showAtLocation(View parent, int gravity, int x, int y)

 

public void showAtLocation(IBinder token, int gravity, int x, int y)

 

  showAsDropDown()显示在一个参照物View的周围,有三个方法重载:

public void showAsDropDown(View anchor)

 

public void showAsDropDown(View anchor, int xoff, int yoff)

 

public void showAsDropDown(View anchor, int xoff, int yoff, intgravity)

  最后一种带Gravity参数的方法是API 19新引入的。

 

  弹出的方法中首先需要preparePopup(),最后再invokePopup()

  prepare的方法中可以看到有无背景的分别:

   /**

     * <p>Prepare the popup by embeddingin into a new ViewGroup if the

     * background drawable is not null. Ifembedding is required, the layout

     * parameters' height is mnodified to takeinto account the background's

     * padding.</p>

     *

     * @param p thelayout parameters of the popup's content view

     */

    private void preparePopup(WindowManager.LayoutParams p) {

        if(mContentView == null || mContext == null ||mWindowManager == null) {

            throw new IllegalStateException("You must specify a valid content view by"

                    + "callingsetContentView() before attempting to show the popup.");

        }

 

        if(mBackground != null) {

            finalViewGroup.LayoutParams layoutParams = mContentView.getLayoutParams();

            intheight = ViewGroup.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT;

            if(layoutParams != null &&

                    layoutParams.height ==ViewGroup.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT) {

                height =ViewGroup.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT;

            }

 

            // when a background is available, we embed the contentview

            // within another view that ownsthe background drawable

            PopupViewContainerpopupViewContainer = new PopupViewContainer(mContext);

            PopupViewContainer.LayoutParamslistParams = new PopupViewContainer.LayoutParams(

                   ViewGroup.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT, height

            );

           popupViewContainer.setBackgroundDrawable(mBackground);

           popupViewContainer.addView(mContentView, listParams);

 

            mPopupView = popupViewContainer;

        } else {

            mPopupView = mContentView;

        }

       mPopupViewInitialLayoutDirectionInherited =

               (mPopupView.getRawLayoutDirection() == View.LAYOUT_DIRECTION_INHERIT);

        mPopupWidth = p.width;

        mPopupHeight = p.height;

    }

 

 

2.背景是否为空对Touch事件的影响

  如果有背景,则会在contentView外面包一层PopupViewContainer之后作为mPopupView,如果没有背景,则直接用contentView作为mPopupView。

  而这个PopupViewContainer是一个内部私有类,它继承了FrameLayout,在其中重写了Key和Touch事件的分发处理:

 @Override

        public boolean dispatchKeyEvent(KeyEvent event) {

            if(event.getKeyCode() == KeyEvent.KEYCODE_BACK) {

                if(getKeyDispatcherState() == null) {

                    return super.dispatchKeyEvent(event);

                }

 

                if(event.getAction() == KeyEvent.ACTION_DOWN

                        &&event.getRepeatCount() == 0) {

                    KeyEvent.DispatcherStatestate = getKeyDispatcherState();

                    if(state != null) {

                       state.startTracking(event, this);

                    }

                    return true;

                } else if (event.getAction() == KeyEvent.ACTION_UP) {

                    KeyEvent.DispatcherState state =getKeyDispatcherState();

                    if(state != null && state.isTracking(event)&& !event.isCanceled()) {

                        dismiss();

                        return true;

                    }

                }

                return super.dispatchKeyEvent(event);

            } else {

                return super.dispatchKeyEvent(event);

            }

        }

 

        @Override

        public boolean dispatchTouchEvent(MotionEvent ev) {

            if (mTouchInterceptor != null && mTouchInterceptor.onTouch(this, ev)){

                return true;

            }

            return super.dispatchTouchEvent(ev);

        }

 

        @Override

        public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {

            final int x = (int) event.getX();

            final int y = (int) event.getY();

           

            if((event.getAction() == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN)

                    && ((x < 0) ||(x >= getWidth()) || (y < 0) || (y >= getHeight()))) {

                dismiss();

                return true;

            } else if (event.getAction() == MotionEvent.ACTION_OUTSIDE) {

                dismiss();

                return true;

            } else {

                return super.onTouchEvent(event);

            }

        }

  由于PopupView本身并没有重写KeyTouch事件的处理,所以如果没有包这个外层容器类,点击Back键或者外部区域是不会导致弹框消失的。

 

补充Case: 弹窗不消失,但是事件向下传递

  如上所述:

  设置了PopupWindow的background,点击Back键或者点击弹窗的外部区域,弹窗就会dismiss.

  相反,如果不设置PopupWindow的background,那么点击back键和点击弹窗的外部区域,弹窗是不会消失的.

 

  那么,如果我想要一个效果,点击外部区域,弹窗不消失,但是点击事件会向下面的activity传递,比如下面是一个WebView,我想点击里面的链接等. 

  研究了半天,说是要给Window设置一个Flag,

WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_NOT_TOUCH_MODAL

  

  看了源码,这个Flag的设置与否是由一个叫mNotTouchModal的字段控制,但是设置该字段的set方法被标记为@hide

  所以要通过反射的方法调用:

   /**

     * Set whether this window is touch modalor if outside touches will be sent

     * to

     * other windows behind it.

     *

     */

    public static void setPopupWindowTouchModal(PopupWindowpopupWindow,

            boolean touchModal) {

        if (null == popupWindow) {

            return;

        }

        Method method;

        try {

 

            method = PopupWindow.class.getDeclaredMethod("setTouchModal",

                    boolean.class);

            method.setAccessible(true);

            method.invoke(popupWindow,touchModal);

 

        }

        catch(Exception e) {

            e.printStackTrace();

        }

 

    }

 

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