PopupWindow使用
PopupWindow这个类用来实现一个弹出框,可以使用任意布局的View作为其内容,这个弹出框是悬浮在当前activity之上的。
PopupWindow使用Demo
这个类的使用,不再过多解释,直接上代码吧。
比如弹出框的布局:
弹出框布局
Activity的布局中只有一个按钮,按下后会弹出框,Activity代码如下:
package com.example.hellopopupwindow;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Context;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.MotionEvent;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.view.View.OnTouchListener;
import android.view.ViewGroup.LayoutParams;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.PopupWindow;
import android.widget.Toast;
public class MainActivity extendsActivity {
private Context mContext = null;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
mContext = this;
Button button = (Button)findViewById(R.id.button);
button.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View view) {
showPopupWindow(view);
}
});
}
private void showPopupWindow(View view) {
// 一个自定义的布局,作为显示的内容
View contentView =LayoutInflater.from(mContext).inflate(
R.layout.pop_window, null);
// 设置按钮的点击事件
Button button = (Button)contentView.findViewById(R.id.button1);
button.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
Toast.makeText(mContext,"button is pressed",
Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
});
finalPopupWindow popupWindow = new PopupWindow(contentView,
LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT, LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT, true);
popupWindow.setTouchable(true);
popupWindow.setTouchInterceptor(new OnTouchListener() {
@Override
public boolean onTouch(View v, MotionEvent event) {
Log.i("mengdd","onTouch : ");
return false;
// 这里如果返回true的话,touch事件将被拦截
// 拦截后 PopupWindow的onTouchEvent不被调用,这样点击外部区域无法dismiss
}
});
// 如果不设置PopupWindow的背景,无论是点击外部区域还是Back键都无法dismiss弹框
// 我觉得这里是API的一个bug
popupWindow.setBackgroundDrawable(getResources().getDrawable(
R.drawable.selectmenu_bg_downward));
// 设置好参数之后再show
popupWindow.showAsDropDown(view);
}
}
弹出框的布局中有一个TextView和一个Button,Button点击后显示Toast,如图:
第一次实现的时候遇到了问题,就是弹出框不会在按下Back键的时候消失,点击弹框外区域也没有正常消失,搜索了一下,都说只要设置背景就好了。
然后我就找了个图片,果然弹框能正常dismiss了(见注释)。
PopupWindow源码分析
为了解答一下上面的问题,看看源码(最新API Level 19,Android 4.4.2)。
1.显示方法
显示提供了两种形式:
showAtLocation()显示在指定位置,有两个方法重载:
public void showAtLocation(View parent, int gravity, int x, int y)
public void showAtLocation(IBinder token, int gravity, int x, int y)
showAsDropDown()显示在一个参照物View的周围,有三个方法重载:
public void showAsDropDown(View anchor)
public void showAsDropDown(View anchor, int xoff, int yoff)
public void showAsDropDown(View anchor, int xoff, int yoff, intgravity)
最后一种带Gravity参数的方法是API 19新引入的。
弹出的方法中首先需要preparePopup(),最后再invokePopup()。
prepare的方法中可以看到有无背景的分别:
/**
* <p>Prepare the popup by embeddingin into a new ViewGroup if the
* background drawable is not null. Ifembedding is required, the layout
* parameters' height is mnodified to takeinto account the background's
* padding.</p>
*
* @param p thelayout parameters of the popup's content view
*/
private void preparePopup(WindowManager.LayoutParams p) {
if(mContentView == null || mContext == null ||mWindowManager == null) {
throw new IllegalStateException("You must specify a valid content view by"
+ "callingsetContentView() before attempting to show the popup.");
}
if(mBackground != null) {
finalViewGroup.LayoutParams layoutParams = mContentView.getLayoutParams();
intheight = ViewGroup.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT;
if(layoutParams != null &&
layoutParams.height ==ViewGroup.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT) {
height =ViewGroup.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT;
}
// when a background is available, we embed the contentview
// within another view that ownsthe background drawable
PopupViewContainerpopupViewContainer = new PopupViewContainer(mContext);
PopupViewContainer.LayoutParamslistParams = new PopupViewContainer.LayoutParams(
ViewGroup.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT, height
);
popupViewContainer.setBackgroundDrawable(mBackground);
popupViewContainer.addView(mContentView, listParams);
mPopupView = popupViewContainer;
} else {
mPopupView = mContentView;
}
mPopupViewInitialLayoutDirectionInherited =
(mPopupView.getRawLayoutDirection() == View.LAYOUT_DIRECTION_INHERIT);
mPopupWidth = p.width;
mPopupHeight = p.height;
}
2.背景是否为空对Touch事件的影响
如果有背景,则会在contentView外面包一层PopupViewContainer之后作为mPopupView,如果没有背景,则直接用contentView作为mPopupView。
而这个PopupViewContainer是一个内部私有类,它继承了FrameLayout,在其中重写了Key和Touch事件的分发处理:
@Override
public boolean dispatchKeyEvent(KeyEvent event) {
if(event.getKeyCode() == KeyEvent.KEYCODE_BACK) {
if(getKeyDispatcherState() == null) {
return super.dispatchKeyEvent(event);
}
if(event.getAction() == KeyEvent.ACTION_DOWN
&&event.getRepeatCount() == 0) {
KeyEvent.DispatcherStatestate = getKeyDispatcherState();
if(state != null) {
state.startTracking(event, this);
}
return true;
} else if (event.getAction() == KeyEvent.ACTION_UP) {
KeyEvent.DispatcherState state =getKeyDispatcherState();
if(state != null && state.isTracking(event)&& !event.isCanceled()) {
dismiss();
return true;
}
}
return super.dispatchKeyEvent(event);
} else {
return super.dispatchKeyEvent(event);
}
}
@Override
public boolean dispatchTouchEvent(MotionEvent ev) {
if (mTouchInterceptor != null && mTouchInterceptor.onTouch(this, ev)){
return true;
}
return super.dispatchTouchEvent(ev);
}
@Override
public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {
final int x = (int) event.getX();
final int y = (int) event.getY();
if((event.getAction() == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN)
&& ((x < 0) ||(x >= getWidth()) || (y < 0) || (y >= getHeight()))) {
dismiss();
return true;
} else if (event.getAction() == MotionEvent.ACTION_OUTSIDE) {
dismiss();
return true;
} else {
return super.onTouchEvent(event);
}
}
由于PopupView本身并没有重写Key和Touch事件的处理,所以如果没有包这个外层容器类,点击Back键或者外部区域是不会导致弹框消失的。
补充Case: 弹窗不消失,但是事件向下传递
如上所述:
设置了PopupWindow的background,点击Back键或者点击弹窗的外部区域,弹窗就会dismiss.
相反,如果不设置PopupWindow的background,那么点击back键和点击弹窗的外部区域,弹窗是不会消失的.
那么,如果我想要一个效果,点击外部区域,弹窗不消失,但是点击事件会向下面的activity传递,比如下面是一个WebView,我想点击里面的链接等.
研究了半天,说是要给Window设置一个Flag,
WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_NOT_TOUCH_MODAL
看了源码,这个Flag的设置与否是由一个叫mNotTouchModal的字段控制,但是设置该字段的set方法被标记为@hide。
所以要通过反射的方法调用:
/**
* Set whether this window is touch modalor if outside touches will be sent
* to
* other windows behind it.
*
*/
public static void setPopupWindowTouchModal(PopupWindowpopupWindow,
boolean touchModal) {
if (null == popupWindow) {
return;
}
Method method;
try {
method = PopupWindow.class.getDeclaredMethod("setTouchModal",
boolean.class);
method.setAccessible(true);
method.invoke(popupWindow,touchModal);
}
catch(Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}