Linux LVM管理

1.前期准备

1.1 添加三块新的硬盘

1.2 fdisk格式化这三块硬盘,因为做LVM，所以文件系统为LVM，格式化完之后，输入t（change a partition's system id）更改

[root@RHEL5 ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb

[root@RHEL5 ~]# fdisk /dev/sdc

[root@RHEL5 ~]# fdisk /dev/sdd

[root@RHEL5 ~]# fdisk -l

[root@RHEL5 ~]# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/sda: 26.8 GB, 26843545600 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 3263 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System

/dev/sda1   *           1        3002    24113533+  83  Linux

/dev/sda2            3003        3263     2096482+  82  Linux swap / Solaris

Disk /dev/sdb: 1073 MB, 1073741824 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 130 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System

/dev/sdb1               1          62      497983+  8e  Linux LVM

/dev/sdb2              63         130      546210   8e  Linux LVM

Disk /dev/sdc: 1073 MB, 1073741824 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 130 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System

/dev/sdc1               1         130     1044193+  8e  Linux LVM

Disk /dev/sdd: 1073 MB, 1073741824 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 130 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System

/dev/sdd1               1         130     1044193+  8e  Linux LVM

2.创建物理卷

[root@RHEL5 ~]# partprobe 

[ root@RHEL5 ~]# vgscan   -----先进行卷组扫描，生成逻辑卷所需要的文件)

  Reading all physical volumes.  This may take a while...

[root@RHEL5 ~]# pvcreate /dev/sdb1

  Physical volume "/dev/sdb1" successfully created

[root@RHEL5 ~]# pvcreate /dev/sdb2

  Physical volume "/dev/sdb2" successfully created

[root@RHEL5 ~]# pvcreate /dev/sdc1

  Physical volume "/dev/sdc1" successfully created

[root@RHEL5 ~]# pvcreate /dev/sdd1

  Physical volume "/dev/sdd1" successfully created

[root@RHEL5 ~]# pvscan

  PV /dev/sdb1                      lvm2 [486.31 MB]

   PV /dev/sdb2                      lvm2 [533.41 MB]

   PV /dev/sdc1                      lvm2 [1019.72 MB]

   PV /dev/sdd1                      lvm2 [1019.72 MB]

   Total: 4 [2.99 GB] / in use: 0 [0   ] / in no VG: 4 [2.99 GB]

  

3.创建卷组

[root@RHEL5 ~]# vgcreate vg1 /dev/sdb1 /dev/sdb2 /dev/sdc1

  Volume group "vg1" successfully created

[root@RHEL5 ~]# vgdisplay 

 

  

4.增减卷组

##需要注意的是，以下的操作必须是卷组没有划分逻辑卷的前提下才可以

[root@RHEL5 network-scripts]# vgextend vg1 /dev/sdd1                     ---将PV /dev/sdd1加入卷组vg1中

  Volume group "vg1" successfully extended

  [root@RHEL5 network-scripts]# pvscan

  PV /dev/sdb1   VG vg1   lvm2 [1016.00 MB / 1016.00 MB free]

  PV /dev/sdc1   VG vg1   lvm2 [1016.00 MB / 1016.00 MB free]

  PV /dev/sdd1   VG vg1   lvm2 [1016.00 MB / 1016.00 MB free]

  Total: 3 [2.98 GB] / in use: 3 [2.98 GB] / in no VG: 0 [0   ]

  

  [root@RHEL5 network-scripts]# vgdisplay

   --- Volume group ---

  VG Name               vg1

  System ID             

  Format                lvm2

  Metadata Areas        3

  Metadata Sequence No  1

  VG Access             read/write

  VG Status             resizable

  MAX LV                0

  Cur LV                0

  Open LV               0

  Max PV                0

  Cur PV                3

  Act PV                3

  VG Size               1.98 GB

  PE Size               4.00 MB

  Total PE              508

  Alloc PE / Size       0 / 0   

  Free  PE / Size       508 / 1.98 GB

  VG UUID               iv2mo0-x5Ky-KP1v-HJ2i-HCU9-qooV-wzNdzf

  

  [root@RHEL5 ~]# pvscan 

  PV /dev/sdb1   VG vg1             lvm2 [484.00 MB / 484.00 MB free]

  PV /dev/sdb2   VG vg1             lvm2 [532.00 MB / 532.00 MB free]

  PV /dev/sdc1   VG vg1             lvm2 [1016.00 MB / 1016.00 MB free]

  PV /dev/sdd1                      lvm2 [1019.72 MB]

  

  ###以下步聚操作，必须是卷组未划分逻辑卷的前提下才可增减卷组的物理卷

  [root@RHEL5 network-scripts]# vgreduce vg1 /dev/sdc1  -----将PV /dev/sdc1脱离卷组vg1

  Removed "/dev/sdc1" from volume group "vg1"

  

  [root@RHEL5 ~]# vgextend vg1 /dev/sdd1 -------将PV /dev/sdd1加入卷组vg1

  Volume group "vg1" successfully extended

  

  [root@RHEL5 ~]# pvscan 

  PV /dev/sdb1   VG vg1             lvm2 [484.00 MB / 484.00 MB free]

  PV /dev/sdb2   VG vg1             lvm2 [532.00 MB / 532.00 MB free]

  PV /dev/sdd1   VG vg1             lvm2 [1016.00 MB / 1016.00 MB free]

  PV /dev/sdc1                      lvm2 [1019.72 MB]

  Total: 4 [2.98 GB] / in use: 3 [1.98 GB] / in no VG: 1 [1019.72 MB]

  

  [root@RHEL5 network-scripts]# vgchange -a n vg1                       ----将卷组vg1的激活状态关闭

  0 logical volume(s) in volume group "vg1" now active

  

  [root@RHEL5 network-scripts]# vgchange -a y vg1 ----激活vg1

  0 logical volume(s) in volume group "vg1" now active

  

  [root@RHEL5 network-scripts]# vgremove vg1 -----删除卷组vg1

  Volume group "vg1" successfully removed

  

  

  

5.创建逻辑卷

 [root@RHEL5 ~]# lvcreate -L 1G -n lv1 vg1    ---在卷组vg1 中创建逻辑卷lv1

  Logical volume "lv1" created

  

  [root@RHEL5 ~]# lvscan ----查看逻辑卷状态

    ACTIVE            '/dev/vg1/lv1' [1.00 GB] inherit

  

  [root@RHEL5 ~]# mkfs.ext3 /dev/vg1/lv1   ---格式化逻辑卷

  

  [root@RHEL5 ~]# mkdir /lv1 ---创建挂载点

  

 [root@RHEL5 ~]# mount /dev/vg1/lv1 /lv1/ --moun逻辑卷到/lv1挂载点

 [root@RHEL5 ~]# df -lh ----查看挂载情况

Filesystem            Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on

/dev/sda1              23G  7.3G   14G  35% /

tmpfs                 506M     0  506M   0% /dev/shm

/dev/mapper/vg1-lv1  1008M   34M  924M   4% /lv1

[root@RHEL5 ~]# more /etc/fstab 

LABEL=/                 /                       ext3    defaults        1 1

tmpfs                   /dev/shm                tmpfs   defaults        0 0

devpts                  /dev/pts                devpts  gid=5,mode=620  0 0

sysfs                   /sys                    sysfs   defaults        0 0

proc                    /proc                   proc    defaults        0 0

LABEL=SWAP-sda2         swap                    swap    defaults        0 0

/dev/mapper/vg1-lv1     /ORADATA                ext3    defaults        1 2

6. 在不损坏现有数据的情况下，动态调整分区大小

[root@RHEL5 ~]# lvextend -L +500M /dev/vg1/lv1 

  Extending logical volume lv1 to 2.50 GB

  Logical volume lv1 successfully resized

  

[root@RHEL5 ORADATA]# resize2fs /dev/vg1/lv1 

resize2fs 1.39 (29-May-2006)

Filesystem at /dev/vg1/lv1 is mounted on /lv1; on-line resizing required

Performing an on-line resize of /dev/vg1/lv1 to 656384 (4k) blocks.

The filesystem on /dev/vg1/lv1 is now 656384 blocks long.

[root@RHEL5 ~]# df -h

Filesystem            Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on

/dev/sda1              23G  7.1G   15G  34% /

tmpfs                 506M     0  506M   0% /dev/shm

/dev/mapper/vg1-lv1   2.5G  204M  2.2G   9% /lv1

/dev/mapper/vg1-lv1   2.5G  204M  2.2G   9% /ORADATA

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