11gR2 11.2.0.3 RAC DNS-VIP配置及测试
参考文档：
http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/products/clustering/overview/scan-129069.pdf
http://www.luocs.com/archives/281.html
1.相关理论
看下oracle官方给出scan ip的解释
SCAN(Single Client Access Name)是oracle 11gR2中出来的新特性。客户端可以通过经过DNS解析过的scan名称负载均衡地连接到oracle RAC，或者使用ORACLE GNS。
我们选择DNS的方式解析scan ip
有三点需要注意：
1.分配三个地址，Oracle grid infrastructure在安装的时候，监听会为每一个SCAN IP创建一个SCAN LISTENER.如:
| Cluster Resources -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ora.LISTENER_SCAN1.lsnr 1 ONLINE ONLINE stu202 ora.LISTENER_SCAN2.lsnr 1 ONLINE ONLINE stu201 ora.LISTENER_SCAN3.lsnr 1 ONLINE ONLINE stu201 ora.cvu |
2.scan ip的IP地址需要和VIP的IP地址在同一个网段，如：
| [root@stu201 ~]# cat /etc/hosts # Do not remove the following line, or various programs # that require network functionality will fail. 127.0.0.1 stu201 localhost.localdomain localhost ::1 localhost6.localdomain6 localhost6 #public 192.168.20.111 stu201 192.168.20.112 stu202
#private 10.0.0.111 stu201-priv 10.0.0.112 stu202-priv
#vip 192.168.20.113 stu201-vip 192.168.20.114 stu202-vip
#scan #192.168.20.117 stu02-scan #192.168.20.118 stu02-scan #192.168.20.119 stu02-scan ####DNS-VIP 不使用hosts文件解析，所以注释掉了，这里只是为了方便查阅。需要在DNS服务器的正向查找区域新建三个stu02-scan的信息
同时需要在rac的两个节点中配置DNS解析 [root@stu201 ~]# cat /etc/resolv.conf ; generated by /sbin/dhclient-script search szsckj.com nameserver 192.168.50.251
[root@stu202 ~]# cat /etc/resolv.conf ; generated by /sbin/dhclient-script search szsckj.com nameserver 192.168.50.251
[root@stu201 ~]# nslookup stu02-scan.szsckj.com Server: 192.168.50.251 Address: 192.168.50.251#53
Name: stu02-scan.szsckj.com Address: 192.168.20.118 Name: stu02-scan.szsckj.com Address: 192.168.20.117 Name: stu02-scan.szsckj.com Address: 192.168.20.119
这里的192.168.50.251就是DNS服务器的IP地址
[root@stu201 ~]# ping stu02-scan.szsckj.com ###这里是RAC搭建好之后ping的操作，故通 PING stu02-scan.szsckj.com (192.168.20.118) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 192.168.20.118: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.034 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.20.118: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.066 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.20.118: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.037 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.20.118: icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=0.035 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.20.118: icmp_seq=5 ttl=64 time=0.041 ms |
3.scan ip的名称在网络中需要是唯一的
2.grid infrastructure安装使用DNS解析SCAN VIP
NER
安装好之后检查crs状态可以看到集群为我的3个IP创建了3个监听,同时也会必然在某一个节点有两个SCAN LISTENER
| [root@stu201 ~]# crsctl status resource -t -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- NAME TARGET STATE SERVER STATE_DETAILS -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Local Resources -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ora.DATA.dg ONLINE ONLINE stu201 ONLINE ONLINE stu202 ora.DBFS.dg ONLINE ONLINE stu201 ONLINE ONLINE stu202 ora.LISTENER.lsnr ONLINE ONLINE stu201 ONLINE ONLINE stu202 ora.asm ONLINE ONLINE stu201 Started ONLINE ONLINE stu202 Started ora.gsd OFFLINE OFFLINE stu201 OFFLINE OFFLINE stu202 ora.net1.network ONLINE ONLINE stu201 ONLINE ONLINE stu202 ora.ons ONLINE ONLINE stu201 ONLINE ONLINE stu202 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Cluster Resources -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ora.LISTENER_SCAN1.lsnr 1 ONLINE ONLINE stu202 ora.LISTENER_SCAN2.lsnr 1 ONLINE ONLINE stu201 ora.LISTENER_SCAN3.lsnr 1 ONLINE ONLINE stu201 ora.cvu 1 ONLINE ONLINE stu201 ora.oc4j 1 ONLINE ONLINE stu201 ora.regan.db 1 ONLINE ONLINE stu201 Open 2 ONLINE ONLINE stu202 Open ora.scan1.vip 1 ONLINE ONLINE stu202 ora.scan2.vip 1 ONLINE ONLINE stu201 ora.scan3.vip 1 ONLINE ONLINE stu201 ora.stu201.vip 1 ONLINE ONLINE stu201 ora.stu202.vip 1 ONLINE ONLINE stu202 |
3.DNS VIP解析SCNA IP测试
官方的文档说：在测试11gR2 RAC SCAN IP的特性的时候，我们需要注意客户端的版本对测试的影响。oracle要求你的服务器端和客户端的版本都为11g，这样的话，我们可以完全使用11gR2 SCAN IP 的特性。如客户端的版本低于11g，则需要做特别的属性指定。
3.1 loadbalance
| 将客户端的机器DNS设置为192.168.50.251 测试修改成功：
|
| ##查看SCNAL LISTENER分布情况 oracle@stu202:/home/oracle>srvctl status scan SCAN VIP scan1 is enabled SCAN VIP scan1 is running on node stu201 SCAN VIP scan2 is enabled SCAN VIP scan2 is running on node stu202 SCAN VIP scan3 is enabled SCAN VIP scan3 is running on node stu202 oracle@stu202:/home/oracle>srvctl status scan_listener SCAN Listener LISTENER_SCAN1 is enabled SCAN listener LISTENER_SCAN1 is running on node stu201 SCAN Listener LISTENER_SCAN2 is enabled SCAN listener LISTENER_SCAN2 is running on node stu202 SCAN Listener LISTENER_SCAN3 is enabled SCAN listener LISTENER_SCAN3 is running on node stu202
####测试循环语句 for /L %%G in (1,1,200) do start /b sqlplus scott/oracle@racscan ###配置客户端tnsname.ora RACSCAN = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = stu02-scan.szsckj.com)(PORT = 1521)) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVER = DEDICATED) (SERVICE_NAME = regan) ) )
SELECT s.inst_id,count(*) FROM GV$SESSION s WHERE s.USERNAME != 'SYS' AND s.username IS NOT NULL GROUP BY s.inst_id; INST_ID COUNT(*) ---------- ---------- 1 50 2 50 ###这里测试11gR2 11.2.0.3和10gR2 10.2.0.1的客户端使用上面的配置都可以实现loadbalance. |
3.2failover
| 基本配置如下，需要在tnsname.ora文件中附加其他选项 RACSCAN = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = stu02-scan.szsckj.com)(PORT = 1521)) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVER = DEDICATED) (SERVICE_NAME = regan) (FAILOVER_MODE = (TYPE = SELECT) (METHOD = BASIC) (RETRIES = 180) (DELAY = 5) ) ) ) ###这里测试11gR2 11.2.0.3和10gR2 10.2.0.1的客户端使用上面的配置都可以实现failover，和官方文档所说的有出入，望了解SCAN IP工作原理的人指导。 |
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