1. java.io
Steam:I/O操作抽象成数据的流动
2. NIO since 1.4
JSR 51: New I/O APIs for the Java Platform
Channel:I/O操作抽象成端到端的数据连接
3. NIO.2 since 7
JSR 203: More New I/O APIs for the Java Platform
An NIO.2 primer, Part 1: The asynchronous channel APIs
An NIO.2 primer, Part 2: The file system APIs