ORACLE 19C PDB从一个CDB近零停机迁移到另一个CDB

目标：

       把 PDB1从CDB1 热迁移到CDB2

前提:
    1.两个CDB 开启归档
    2.两个CDB 本地UNDO
    3.要求用于DBLINK 的连接用户（源端），必须有CREATE PLUGGABLE DATABASE ，sysoper 权限

环境：
  源端：cdb1
 目标端：cdb2

操作步骤：

1. 源端创建DBLINK连接需要的用户,并授予必须的权限 

   登陆到源端 cdb1

   [oracle@dbserver ~]$ . oraenv
   ORACLE_SID = [cdb1] ? 
   The Oracle base remains unchanged with value /u01/app/oracle
   [oracle@dbserver ~]$ sqlplus /nolog

   SQL*Plus: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on Sun Oct 22 16:37:55 2023
   Version 19.20.0.0.0
   
   Copyright (c) 1982, 2022, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

   @ >conn / as sysdba
   
   SYS@cdb1 >show pdbs

       CON_ID CON_NAME                       OPEN MODE  RESTRICTED
   ---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------
            2 PDB$SEED                       READ ONLY  NO
            3 PDB1                           READ WRITE NO
   SYS@cdb1 >

   SYS@cdb1 >create user c##relocate identified by oracle_4U;
   SYS@cdb1 >grant create session,create pluggable database to c##relocate container=all;
   SYS@cdb1 >grant sysoper to c##relocate container=all;

2. 目标端创建连接到源端的DBLINK 

  登陆到源端 cdb2 
  [oracle@dbserver ~]$ . oraenv
  ORACLE_SID = [cdb2] ? 
  The Oracle base remains unchanged with value /u01/app/oracle
  [oracle@dbserver ~]$ sqlplus /nolog
  @ >conn / as sysdba
  
  SYS@cdb2 >

  SYS@cdb2 >create database link link_cdb1
    2      connect to c##relocate
    3      identified by oracle_4U
    4        using 'cdb1'  
    5      ;

  Database link created.

3.模拟有用户在源端PDB1上操作 

    登陆源端 CDB1上PDB1

  [oracle@dbserver admin]$ sqlplus /nolog

  SQL*Plus: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on Sun Oct 22 16:43:15 2023
  Version 19.20.0.0.0

  @ >CONN SYSTEM/oracle_4U@pdb1_cdb1     

  SYSTEM@pdb1_cdb1 >create table test_relocate(create_date date);

  SYSTEM@pdb1_cdb1 >insert into test_relocate values(sysdate);

  SYSTEM@pdb1_cdb1 >

4. 使用RELOCATE创建PDB

    登陆到源端 cdb2 
   
   SYS@cdb2 >create pluggable database pdb1
   2     from pdb1@link_cdb1
   3     relocate
   4     ;

   提示：使用OMF

  SYS@cdb2 >show pdbs

      CON_ID CON_NAME                       OPEN MODE  RESTRICTED
  ---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------
           2 PDB$SEED                       READ ONLY  NO
           3 PDB2                           READ WRITE NO
           4 PDB1                           MOUNTED
  SYS@cdb2 >

5.打开目标端PDB1之前，查看一下源端PDB1状态

  SYS@cdb1 >show pdbs

      CON_ID CON_NAME                       OPEN MODE  RESTRICTED
  ---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------
           2 PDB$SEED                       READ ONLY  NO
           3 PDB1                           READ WRITE NO

  而且模拟客户端可以正常执行DML操作
   SYSTEM@pdb1_cdb1 >alter session set nls_date_format='YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS';

  SYSTEM@pdb1_cdb1 >select * from test_relocate;

  CREATE_DATE
  -------------------
  2023-10-22 16:43:59

  SYSTEM@pdb1_cdb1 >insert into test_relocate values(sysdate);

  SYSTEM@pdb1_cdb1 >select * from test_relocate;

  CREATE_DATE
  -------------------
  2023-10-22 16:43:59
  2023-10-22 16:48:45

  SYSTEM@pdb1_cdb1 >

6.打开目标端PDB1

SYS@cdb2 >alter pluggable database pdb1 open;

SYS@cdb2 >SHOW pdbs

    CON_ID CON_NAME                       OPEN MODE  RESTRICTED
---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------
         2 PDB$SEED                       READ ONLY  NO
         3 PDB2                           READ WRITE NO
         4 PDB1                           READ WRITE NO
SYS@cdb2 >

7.检查源端PDB及客户端链接

--源端PDB1已经没有
SYS@cdb1 > show pdbs

    CON_ID CON_NAME                       OPEN MODE  RESTRICTED
---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------
         2 PDB$SEED                       READ ONLY  NO
SQL> 

客户端报错
SYSTEM@pdb1_cdb1 >r
  1* select * from test_relocate
ERROR:
ORA-03114: not connected to ORACLE

SYSTEM@pdb1_cdb1 >conn system/oracle_4U@pdb1_cdb1

SYSTEM@pdb1_cdb1 >select * from test_relocate;

no rows selected

--发现迁移前，没有提交的数据，都回滚了。

附：

1.报错信息1：

*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-17628: Oracle error 1031 returned by remote Oracle server
ORA-01031: insufficient privileges

解决：
grant sysoper to system container=all;

2.报错信息2：

  1   create pluggable database pdb1
  2     from pdb1@link_cdb1
  3*    relocate
 create pluggable database pdb1
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-65122: Pluggable database GUID conflicts with the GUID of an existing
container.