Cris 学 SpringMVC（7）： RESTful SpringMVC CRUD（一）

目标：借助springMVC框架，以 RESTful 风格的形式完成员工的crud操作

源码点我

呈现效果图

1.创建一个web项目，并且向web.xml中配置springMVC相关的信息

    <filter>
        <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>encoding</param-name>
            <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
            <param-value>true</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>

    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>springDispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>classpath:dispatcherServlet.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>

    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>springDispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

    <!-- 将post请求转换为 delete 或者是 put请求 -->
    <filter>
        <filter-name>HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-class>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>

2配置springMVC的核心文件

    <context:component-scan base-package="com.zc.cris.springmvc"></context:component-scan>

    <!-- 配置视图解析器 -->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/"></property>
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
    </bean>

1. 创建 javaBean 和对应的dao类

public class Department {

    private Integer id;
    private String name;
    ...
}

public class Employee {

    private Integer id;
    private String name;
    private String email;
    private Integer age;
    private Department department;
    private String gender;
    ...
}

@Repository
public class DeptDao {

    private static Map<String, Object> depts = new HashMap<>();
    static {
        depts.put("1", new Department(1, "管理部"));
        depts.put("2", new Department(2, "市场部"));
        depts.put("3", new Department(3, "人力部"));
        depts.put("4", new Department(4, "前台部"));
        depts.put("5", new Department(5, "后勤部"));
    }
        /**
     * 
     * @MethodName: getDept
     * @Description: TODO (根据id返回部门对象)
     * @param id
     * @return
     * @Return Type: Department
     * @Author: zc-cris
     */
    public static Department getDept(String id) {
        return (Department) depts.get(id);
    }
    /**
     * 
     * @MethodName: getEmps
     * @Description: TODO (返回所有部门对象)
     * @return
     * @Return Type: Collection<Object>
     * @Author: zc-cris
     */
    public Collection<Object> getEmps() {
        return this.depts.values();
    }
}


@Repository
public class EmpDao {

    private static Map<String, Object> emps = new HashMap<>();
    static {
        emps.put("1", new Employee(1, "james", "123@qq.com", 25, DeptDao.getDept("1"), "1"));
        emps.put("2", new Employee(2, "cris", "444@qq.com", 28, DeptDao.getDept("2"),"0"));
        emps.put("3", new Employee(3, "james", "123@qq.com", 25, DeptDao.getDept("3"),"0"));
        emps.put("4", new Employee(4, "james", "123@qq.com", 25, DeptDao.getDept("4"),"1"));
        emps.put("5", new Employee(5, "james", "123@qq.com", 25, DeptDao.getDept("4"),"1"));
        emps.put("6", new Employee(6, "james", "123@qq.com", 25, DeptDao.getDept("5"),"0"));
    }

    /**
     * 
     * @MethodName: getEmps
     * @Description: TODO (返回所有员工对象)
     * @return
     * @Return Type: Collection<Object>
     * @Author: zc-cris
     */
    public Collection<Object> getEmps() {
        return EmpDao.emps.values();
    }
}

1. 控制器，并完成基本的list和增加功能

@Controller
public class EmpContoller {

    @Autowired
    private EmpDao empDao;
    @Autowired
    private DeptDao deptDao;

    /**
     * 
     * @MethodName: save
     * @Description: TODO (保存新员工信息)
     * @param employee
     * @return
     * @Return Type: String
     * @Author: zc-cris
     */
    @RequestMapping(value="emp",method=RequestMethod.POST)
    public String save(Employee employee) {
        empDao.save(employee);
        return "redirect:/list";
    }

    /**
     * 
     * @MethodName: input
     * @Description: TODO (跳转至新增员工页面)
     * @param map
     * @return
     * @Return Type: String
     * @Author: zc-cris
     */
    @RequestMapping(value="emp",method=RequestMethod.GET)
    public String input(Map<String, Object> map) {
        //需要从数据库查询部门信息并且放入到requestScope中
        map.put("depts", deptDao.getEmps());
        //需要为前台的jsp页面的form标签提供 modelAttribute 属性值
        map.put("employee", new Employee());
        return "input";
    }

    /**
     * 
     * @MethodName: list
     * @Description: TODO (查询所有员工)
     * @param map
     * @return
     * @Return Type: String
     * @Author: zc-cris
     */
    @RequestMapping("list")
    public String list(Map<String, Object> map) {
        map.put("emps", this.empDao.getEmps());
        return "list";
    }
}

1. jsp完善

- index.jsp

<a href="list">显示所有员工信息</a>

- list.jsp

<body>

    <c:if test="${empty requestScope.emps }">
        用户列表里面没有用户了
    </c:if>
    <c:if test="${!empty requestScope.emps }">
        <table align="center" cellpadding="10" cellspacing="0" border="1">
            <tr>
                <th>员工id</th>
                <th>员工名</th>
                <th>邮箱</th>
                <th>性别</th>
                <th>年龄</th>
                <th>部门id</th>
                <th>修改</th>
                <th>删除</th>
            </tr>
                <c:forEach items="${requestScope.emps }" var="emp">
            <tr align="center">
                    <td>${emp.id }</td>
                    <td>${emp.name }</td>
                    <td>${emp.email }</td>
                    <td>${emp.gender eq '0' ? '女' : '男' }</td>
                    <td>${emp.age }</td>
                    <td>${emp.department.id }</td>
                    <td><a href="">修改</a></td>
                    <td><a href="">删除</a></td>
            </tr>
                </c:forEach>
        </table>
    </c:if>

    <a href="emp">新增一个员工</a>
</body>

- input.jsp

<%@ taglib uri="http://www.springframework.org/tags/form" prefix="form"%>
...

<body>
    <!-- 
        1. 为什么要使用form标签？
        可以更加快捷的开发出表单元素，而且可以很方便的进行页面数据回显
        2. 需要注意的是：如果要在jsp页面通过springMVC 表单来显示对应对象的值，得在后台控制器指定绑定的
            模型属性，然后在 form标签通过modelAttribu属性来进行映射 若没有指定该属性，那么默认从request 域对象中读取command的表单bean，如果该属性也不存在，那么会抛出异常
     -->

    <form:form action="emp" method="post" modelAttribute="employee">
        <!-- path属性对应html标签的name属性 -->
        名字：<form:input path="name"/>
        <br>
        邮箱：<form:input path="email"/>
        <br>
        年龄：<form:input path="age"/>
        <br>

        <%
            Map<String, Object> genders = new HashMap<>();
            genders.put("0", "女");
            genders.put("1", "男");
            request.setAttribute("genders", genders);
        %>
        <!-- 自动根据map的键值对在页面上显示，value是键，显示的是值 -->
        性别：<br>
        <form:radiobuttons path="gender" items="${requestScope.genders }" delimiter="<br> "/>
        <br>

        部门：<form:select path="department.id" items="${requestScope.depts }" itemLabel="name" itemValue="id"></form:select>
        <br>
        <input type="submit" value="添加">    
    </form:form>
</body>

• 至此，我们就基于 RESTful风格完成了显示和保存功能

总结

• 通过 SpringMVC 的表单标签可以实现将模型数据
  中的属性和 HTML 表单元素相绑定，以实现表单
  数据更便捷编辑和表单值的回显