生成ASH报表

在Oracle10g中，ASH组件以v$active_session_history视图为基础，生成ASH报表，ASH报表与statspack类似，可以提供以下信息：

Top User Events
Top Background Events
Top Event P1/P2/P3 Values
Top Service/Module
Top Client IDs
Top SQL Command Types
Top SQL using literals
Top Blocking Sessions
Top DB Objects
Top DB Files
Top Latches
Activity Over Time

报表间隔时间可以精确到分钟，因而ASH可以提供比STATSPACK或AWR更详细的关于历史会话的信息，可以作为statspack或awr的补充。ASH报告通过@$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/ashrpt.sql脚本生成，包括hmtl和text两种格式。

下面是一个ash报表的生成过程，注意正确录入开始时间和期间：

SQL> @?/rdbms/admin/ashrpt.sql;

Current Instance
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

DB Id DB Name Inst Num Instance
----------- ------------ -------- ------------
1183120896 ORCL 1 orcl1

Specify the Report Type
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Enter 'html' for an HTML report, or 'text' for plain text
Defaults to 'html'
Enter value for report_type: text

Type Specified: text

Instances in this Workload Repository schema
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

DB Id Inst Num DB Name Instance Host
------------ -------- ------------ ------------ ------------
1183120896 2 ORCL orcl2 rac2
* 1183120896 1 ORCL orcl1 rac1

Defaults to current database

Using database id: 1183120896

Defaults to current instance

Using instance number: 1

ASH Samples in this Workload Repository schema
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Oldest ASH sample available: 07-Jul-08 18:43:04 [ 12894 mins in the past]
Latest ASH sample available: 16-Jul-08 17:36:40 [ 0 mins in the past]

Specify the timeframe to generate the ASH report
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Enter begin time for report:

-- Valid input formats:
-- To specify absolute begin time:
-- [MM/DD[/YY]] HH24:MI[:SS]
-- Examples: 02/23/03 14:30:15
-- 02/23 14:30:15
-- 14:30:15
-- 14:30
-- To specify relative begin time: (start with '-' sign)
-- -[HH24:]MI
-- Examples: -1:15 (SYSDATE - 1 Hr 15 Mins)
-- -25 (SYSDATE - 25 Mins)

Defaults to -15 mins
Enter value for begin_time: 15:00
Report begin time specified: 15:00

Enter duration in minutes starting from begin time:
Defaults to SYSDATE - begin_time
Press Enter to analyze till current time
Enter value for duration:

Using 16-Jul-08 15:00:00 as report begin time
Using as report end time

Specify Slot Width (using ashrpti.sql) for 'Activity Over Time' section
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

-- Explanation:
-- In the 'Activity Over Time' section of the ASH report,
-- the analysis period is divided into smaller slots
-- and top wait events are reported in each of those slots.

-- Default:
-- The analysis period will be automatically split upto 10 slots
-- complying to a minimum slot width of
-- 1 minute, if the source is V$ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY or
-- 5 minutes, if the source is DBA_HIST_ACTIVE_SESS_HISTORY.

Specify Slot Width in seconds to use in the 'Activity Over Time' section:
Defaults to a value as explained above:
Slot Width specified:

Specify Report Targets (using ashrpti.sql) to generate the ASH report
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

-- Explanation:
-- ASH Report can accept "Report Targets",
-- like a particular SQL statement, or a particular SESSION,
-- to generate the report on. If one or more report targets are
-- specified, then the data used to generate the report will only be
-- the ASH samples that pertain to ALL the specified report targets.

-- Default:
-- If none of the report targets are specified,
-- then the target defaults to all activity in the database instance.

Specify SESSION_ID (eg: from V$SESSION.SID) report target:
Defaults to NULL:
SESSION report target specified:

Specify SQL_ID (eg: from V$SQL.SQL_ID) report target:
Defaults to NULL: (% and _ wildcards allowed)
SQL report target specified:

Specify WAIT_CLASS name (eg: from V$EVENT_NAME.WAIT_CLASS) report target:
[Enter 'CPU' to investigate CPU usage]
Defaults to NULL: (% and _ wildcards allowed)
WAIT_CLASS report target specified:

Specify SERVICE_HASH (eg: from V$ACTIVE_SERVICES.NAME_HASH) report target:
Defaults to NULL:
SERVICE report target specified:

Specify MODULE name (eg: from V$SESSION.MODULE) report target:
Defaults to NULL: (% and _ wildcards allowed)
MODULE report target specified:

Specify ACTION name (eg: from V$SESSION.ACTION) report target:
Defaults to NULL: (% and _ wildcards allowed)
ACTION report target specified:

Specify CLIENT_ID (eg: from V$SESSION.CLIENT_IDENTIFIER) report target:
Defaults to NULL: (% and _ wildcards allowed)
CLIENT_ID report target specified:

Specify PLSQL_ENTRY name (eg: "SYS.DBMS_LOB.*") report target:
Defaults to NULL: (% and _ wildcards allowed)
PLSQL_ENTRY report target specified:

Specify the Report Name
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The default report file name is ashrpt_1_.txt. To use this name,
press to continue, otherwise enter an alternative.
Enter value for report_name: /u01/ashrpt.txt

Using the report name /u01/ashrpt.txt

Summary of All User Input
-------------------------
Format : TEXT
DB Id : 1183120896
Inst num : 1
Begin time : 16-Jul-08 15:00:00
End time :
Slot width : Default
Report targets : 0
Report name : /u01/ashrpt.txt

ASH Report For /

DB Name DB Id Instance Inst Num Release RAC Host
------------ ----------- ------------ -------- ----------- --- ------------
1183120896 1

CPUs SGA Size Buffer Cache Shared Pool ASH Buffer Size
---- ------------------ ------------------ ------------------ ------------------
M (100%) M (%) M (%) M (%)

Analysis Begin Time: 16-Jul-08 15:00:00
Analysis End Time:
Elapsed Time: (mins)
Begin Data Source: DBA_HIST_ACTIVE_SESS_HISTORY
in AWR snapshot
End Data Source: DBA_HIST_ACTIVE_SESS_HISTORY
in AWR snapshot
Sample Count: 0
Average Active Sessions:
Avg. Active Session per CPU:
Report Target: None specified

Top User Events DB: (Jul 16 15:00 to )

................................
End of Report
Report written to /u01/ashrpt.txt
SQL>

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