压力测试环境Oracle10.2出现ORA-27300错误

原文地址:  http://www.aplansoft.com/?p=84#comments

客户现场的Oracle数据库在进行压力测试时出现大量的类似错误。

详细的错误信息为：
Sat Jan 15 01:13:56 EAT 2011
Process startup failed, error stack:
Sat Jan 15 01:13:56 EAT 2011
Errors in file /opt/oracle/db/admin/orcl/bdump/orcl2_psp0_7231.trc:
ORA-27300: OS system dependent operation:fork failed with status: 11
ORA-27301: OS failure message: Resource temporarily unavailable
ORA-27302: failure occurred at: skgpspawn5
ORA-27303: additional information: skgpspawn5
Sat Jan 15 01:13:57 EAT 2011
Process m000 died, see its trace file
Sat Jan 15 01:13:57 EAT 2011
ksvcreate: Process(m000) creation failed
Sat Jan 15 01:34:00 EAT 2011
Process startup failed, error stack:
Sat Jan 15 01:34:00 EAT 2011
Errors in file /opt/oracle/db/admin/orcl/bdump/orcl2_psp0_7231.trc:
ORA-27300: OS system dependent operation:fork failed with status: 11
ORA-27301: OS failure message: Resource temporarily unavailable
ORA-27302: failure occurred at: skgpspawn5
ORA-27303: additional information: skgpspawn5
Sat Jan 15 01:34:01 EAT 2011
Process PZ99 died, see its trace file
Sat Jan 15 01:34:01 EAT 2011
Process startup failed, error stack:
Sat Jan 15 01:34:01 EAT 2011
Errors in file /opt/oracle/db/admin/orcl/bdump/orcl2_psp0_7231.trc:
ORA-27300: OS system dependent operation:fork failed with status: 11
ORA-27301: OS failure message: Resource temporarily unavailable
ORA-27302: failure occurred at: skgpspawn5
ORA-27303: additional information: skgpspawn5

另一个节点有类似的错误：
Sat Jan 15 12:56:51 EAT 2011
Process startup failed, error stack:
Sat Jan 15 12:56:51 EAT 2011
Errors in file /opt/oracle/db/admin/orcl/bdump/orcl1_psp0_19417.trc:
ORA-27300: OS system dependent operation:fork failed with status: 12
ORA-27301: OS failure message: Not enough space
ORA-27302: failure occurred at: skgpspawn3

从错误信息上看，似乎是操作系统上内存不足导致的问题。
不过Oracle的SGA + PGA也不过占用了一多半的内存，不应该导致这样的错误才对。
查询了metalink后，发现是操作系统上SWAP分区设置太小导致的，详细文档可以参考ID 812115.1。

对于小于8G的内存，Oracle建议SWAP是内存的两倍，如果是8G以上内存，则SWAP至少是内存的0.75倍，而当前系统配置了16G内存，而SWAP只分配了8G，因此导致了大量并发会话连接到数据库后，导致了操作系统上SWAP空间不足，从而导致上上述的错误。

将操作系统SWAP分区调整到16G以后，这个问题没有再次出现。

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