Java+MySQL开发在线考试系统核心模块 随机组卷与自动评分逻辑实现

随机组卷逻辑实现

从题库中按题型、难度、知识点等条件筛选题目，使用SQL的ORDER BY RAND()或Java的随机算法实现乱序。例如从选择题表中随机抽取20题：

SELECT * FROM choice_questions 
WHERE difficulty=2 AND chapter_id=3 
ORDER BY RAND() 
LIMIT 20

采用遗传算法优化组卷时，定义适应度函数计算试卷与目标参数的匹配度： $f(x) = w_1 \cdot \frac{|T_{actual} - T_{target}|}{T_{target}} + w_2 \cdot \frac{|D_{actual} - D_{target}|}{D_{target}}$

使用Java的Collections.shuffle()实现题目顺序随机化：

List<Question> questionPool = getQuestionsFromDB(); 
Collections.shuffle(questionPool);
return questionPool.subList(0, paperSize);

自动评分系统设计

客观题采用答案直接比对策略，使用MySQL存储标准答案：

PreparedStatement stmt = conn.prepareStatement(
    "SELECT correct_option FROM answers WHERE question_id=?");
stmt.setInt(1, questionId);
ResultSet rs = stmt.executeQuery();
return rs.getString(1).equals(userAnswer);

主观题支持正则表达式匹配评分，如填空题允许多种表述：

String pattern = "(AI|人工智能|Artificial Intelligence)";
boolean isCorrect = Pattern.matches(pattern, userAnswer);

编程题通过JUnit自动化测试评分：

TestResult result = new JUnitCore().run(
    ProgramTestSuite.class, 
    new ByteArrayInputStream(userCode.getBytes()));
return result.wasSuccessful() ? fullScore : 0;

试卷分析模块

使用MySQL窗口函数计算考试统计指标：

SELECT 
    AVG(score) OVER() AS avg_score,
    PERCENT_RANK() OVER(ORDER BY score) AS percentile 
FROM exam_results 
WHERE exam_id=101

题目正确率分析采用多表关联查询：

SELECT q.question_id, 
       COUNT(CASE WHEN r.is_correct=1 THEN 1 END)/COUNT(*) AS correct_rate
FROM questions q JOIN answer_records r ON q.question_id=r.question_id
GROUP BY q.question_id

性能优化方案

题库分表存储减轻查询压力：

-- 按题型分表
CREATE TABLE choice_questions (...) PARTITION BY RANGE(chapter_id);
CREATE TABLE essay_questions (...) PARTITION BY HASH(MOD(chapter_id,10));

使用Redis缓存热点题目数据：

String cacheKey = "hot_questions_" + examType;
List<Question> cached = redisTemplate.opsForValue().get(cacheKey);
if(cached == null) {
    cached = questionRepository.findHotQuestions();
    redisTemplate.opsForValue().set(cacheKey, cached, 1, TimeUnit.HOURS);
}

防作弊机制

题目选项动态乱序需在前端处理：

// Vue示例
shuffleOptions() {
    this.question.options = _.shuffle(this.originalOptions);
}

考试过程监控使用WebSocket定时上报：

@Scheduled(fixedRate = 30000)
public void monitorActivity() {
    sessionTracker.checkAbnormalBehaviors();
}